基于儿童和成人血铅模型的土壤环境铅基准值研究

发布时间：2018-01-21 07:03

本文关键词： ALM IEUBK 铅污染土壤环境基准　出处：《环境与健康杂志》2017年09期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：目的借鉴国际上认可度较高的综合暴露吸收生物动力学模型(IEUBK)和成人血铅模型(ALM),通过实地调查儿童和成人铅暴露情况对模型参数进行本土化,探讨土壤环境铅基准值。方法通过对湖北G县和湖南Y县61~84月龄儿童铅暴露的调查,本土化IEUBK模型相关参数,推导住宅区土壤铅基准值;调查武汉孕妇血铅,收集2010年后发表的血铅相关文献,采用ALM模型推导工业或商业区土壤铅基准值。结果采用IEUBK模型推导铅污染地区的土壤环境铅基准值时,因为除尘土外其他介质的铅摄入量太高而无法推导;根据G县对照区61~72、73~84月龄儿童铅暴露情况推导的土壤环境铅基准值分别为294、365 mg/kg,根据Y县对照区61~72、73~84月龄儿童铅暴露情况推导的土壤环境铅基准值分别为222、144 mg/kg。采用ALM模型推导的武汉土壤铅基准值为1 790.8 mg/kg,我国部分地区为652.8 mg/kg。结论基于ALM模型推导的武汉住宅区、我国部分地区工业或商业区的土壤铅基准值高于我国国家标准,但低于瑞士、加拿大等国家的标准值。
[Abstract]:Objective to draw lessons from the internationally accepted comprehensive exposure absorption biokinetic model (IEUBK) and adult blood lead model (ALM). Through field investigation of lead exposure in children and adults, the model parameters were localized and the reference values of soil environmental lead were discussed. Methods the lead exposure of children aged 61 ~ 84 months in G County of Hubei and Y County of Hunan Province was investigated. The related parameters of localization IEUBK model were used to deduce the reference value of soil lead in residential area. To investigate the blood lead of pregnant women in Wuhan, and collect the related literature of blood lead published after 2010. ALM model was used to deduce the reference value of soil lead in industrial or commercial area. Results when using IEUBK model to deduce the reference value of lead in soil environment in lead-polluted area. Because the lead intake of other mediums except dust is too high to be deduced; The reference values of lead in soil environment were 294,365 mg / kg and 61g / kg, respectively, which were derived from the lead exposure of children aged 61g / kg and 61g / kg, respectively, according to the lead exposure of children aged 61g / kg and 72mg / kg in the control area of county G and county Y respectively. The reference values of lead in soil environment derived from lead exposure of children aged 73 to 84 months were 222 respectively. ALM model was used to derive the reference value of soil lead in Wuhan, which was 1 790.8 mg/kg. Conclusion based on the ALM model, the reference value of soil lead in some industrial or commercial districts in Wuhan residential area is higher than the national standard. But below the standard value of Switzerland, Canada and other countries.
【作者单位】：华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院流行病学与卫生统计学系环境与健康教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：环境保护部国家环保公益性行业科研专项(201109058) 国家自然科学基金(81102185)
【分类号】：R12
【正文快照】： 铅是一种广泛存在的环境污染物,随着现代工业的发展,大量含铅物质被使用。铅通过大气、食物、饮水、灰尘等多种途径进入人体,影响人体的血液、神经和消化系统。铅是一种蓄积性毒物,儿童、胎儿和孕妇最易受到危害。灰尘或土壤铅是人体的重要暴露来源,而我国2008年发布的GB 1561

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