基于RS的赣江流域吉安段生态环境监测与评价

发布时间：2018-01-29 15:50

本文关键词： 流域生态环境遥感 C5.0决策树评价　出处：《东华理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：赣江是江西省内最长的河流,同时也是长江下游最重要的支流中的一条,它属于典型的红壤地区,自然环境条件复杂。由于人类活动对于自然资源的不合理利用以及破坏导致生态环境变差。对当地生态环境结构、功能和过程进行量化研究,为加快生态文明建设,实现发展社会经济和保护生态环境双赢提供有力保障。本文以赣江流域吉安段为研究区,选用研究区2001年、2009年、2015年Landsat遥感影像数据以及ASTER GDEM数据,在GIS技术的支持下,经过试验从光谱信息、纹理信息和地形辅助数据这3方面选取共19个特征建立C5.0决策树对影像进行分类,并制定了三期影像的分类专题图。在此基础上,结合统计数据,参考相关文献以及前人的研究成果,为防止单因子评价缺乏说服力的不足,依据《生态环境状况评价技术规范(试行)》,结合本研究区的实际情况以及实际资料的掌握程度,选取了生物丰度指数、植被覆盖指数、水网密度指数以及土地退化指数建立研究区生态环境状况评价体系,评价了研究区近15年的生态环境状况。评价结果表明:2001年、2009年以及2015年研究区的生态环境状况指数分别为67.6477、66.5177、70.5112,代表其生态环境一直处于良好状态。通过对比分析可知,研究区15年内生态环境状况指数呈先减少后增加趋势,2001年至2009年,减少1.13,属于略有变差;2009年至2015年,增加了3.9935,属于明显变好;且与2001年相比,也增加了2.8635。总的来说,研究区的生态环境状况往越来越好的的方向发展。
[Abstract]:Ganjiang River is the longest river in Jiangxi Province and also one of the most important tributaries in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River. It belongs to the typical red soil area. The natural environment conditions are complex. The ecological environment becomes worse because of the unreasonable use and destruction of natural resources by human activities. The structure, function and process of the local ecological environment are quantitatively studied. In order to quicken the construction of ecological civilization, realize the development of social economy and protect the ecological environment, this paper takes Ji'an section of Ganjiang River basin as the research area, and selects the research area on 2001, 2009. In 2015, Landsat remote sensing image data and ASTER GDEM data, supported by GIS technology, were tested from spectral information. A total of 19 features were selected from texture information and terrain aided data to establish C5.0 decision tree to classify the images, and the thematic maps of three periods of images were developed. On this basis, combined with statistical data. Referring to the relevant literature and previous research results, in order to prevent the lack of persuasive single-factor evaluation, according to the "Eco-environmental condition Assessment Technical Specification (trial)". Combined with the actual situation of the study area and the degree of grasp of the actual data, selected the biological abundance index, vegetation cover index, water network density index and land degradation index to establish the ecological environment evaluation system in the study area. The ecological environment status of the study area in recent 15 years was evaluated. The results showed that the ecological environmental status index of the study area in 2001, 2009 and 2015 was 67.6477, respectively. 66.5177N 70.5112, representing its ecological environment has been in a good state. Through comparison and analysis, it can be seen that the index of ecological environment state decreased first and then increased within 15 years. From 2001 to 2009, there was a decrease of 1.13, which was a slight deterioration; From 2009 to 2015, there was an increase of 3.9935, which was obviously improved. Compared with 2001, it also increased by 2.86355.In general, the ecological environment of the study area is developing more and more well.
【学位授予单位】：东华理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X826;X87

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