养鸡场空气中抗性基因和条件致病菌污染特征

发布时间：2018-02-24 06:39

本文关键词： 蛋鸡场肉鸡场生物气溶胶抗生素抗性基因条件致病菌　出处：《环境科学》2017年02期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：集约化养殖场被认为是空气环境中抗性基因和致病菌的重要来源.本研究采集了养鸡场粪便和舍内外空气样本,对其抗生素抗性基因和条件致病菌的种类进行分析,包括五类抗生素(β-内酰胺类的23个基因、四环素23个基因、喹诺酮5个基因、磺胺类5个基因和红霉素2个基因)抗性基因、5种条件致病菌(肠球菌属、大肠杆菌属、葡萄球菌属、弯曲杆菌属和产气荚膜梭状芽胞杆菌属各1个基因)以及一类整合子(int I1)特异基因;并利用荧光定量PCR对检出率较高的典型基因浓度进行检测.结果显示,空气中5类抗生素抗性基因分别检出8、7、2、3和2个,同时检测到两种致病菌.目标基因在舍内空气中的检出率小于等于粪便样本.蛋鸡和肉鸡舍内空气中总细菌基因(16S r DNA)浓度为106copies·m-3,其他典型基因浓度约104copies·m-3,且在舍外的浓度要远低于舍内.抗生素抗性基因和条件致病菌基因在空气中所占比例高于粪便,舍内高于舍外.初步研究结果表明,粪便可能是舍内抗生素抗性基因、条件致病基因以及一类整合子的重要来源.本研究结果将为集约化养殖场抗生素抗性基因和致病菌的来源分析,以及养殖场对周边空气环境污染的风险评估提供基础数据.
[Abstract]:Intensive farms are considered as an important source of resistant genes and pathogenic bacteria in the air environment. In this study, the feces of chicken farms and the indoor and outdoor air samples were collected, and the antibiotic resistance genes and the species of conditioned pathogens were analyzed. Including 5 antibiotic resistance genes (23 genes of 尾 -lactams, 23 genes of tetracycline, 5 genes of quinolone, 5 genes of sulfamide and 2 genes of erythromycin), 5 kinds of conditional pathogens (Enterococcus, E. coli, Staphylococcus, campylobacter and Clostridium perfringens (1 gene each) and a class of integron int I1) genes were detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. 5 antibiotic resistance genes were detected in the air. At the same time, two kinds of pathogenic bacteria were detected. The detection rate of target gene in indoor air was less than that of fecal sample. The concentration of total bacterial gene 16s r DNA was 106copies 路m-3 in the air of laying hens and broilers, and the concentration of other typical genes was about 104copies 路m-3outside the house. Antibiotic resistance genes and conditioned pathogen genes account for a higher proportion of the air than in feces. The preliminary results showed that feces might be a gene of antibiotic resistance. The results of this study will provide basic data for the analysis of antibiotic resistance genes and pathogenic bacteria in intensive farms and the risk assessment of ambient air pollution.
【作者单位】：北京市农林科学院生物技术研究中心农业基因资源与生物技术北京市重点实验室;北京市平谷区动物卫生监督所;农业部都市农业(北方)重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51308047) 家禽产业技术体系北京市创新团队专项(BAIC04-2016) 北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(KJCX20151204) 北京市科技新星项目(Z151100000315058) 北京市优秀人才项目(2014000020060G178)
【分类号】：X51

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