开放经济对碳强度影响的区域差异与应对策略

发布时间：2018-03-01 00:12

本文关键词： 碳强度对外贸易外商直接投资对外直接投资　出处：《中国矿业大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：全球气候的变化使得碳排放成为人们关注的焦点问题。中国作为世界上第二大经济体和最大的碳排放国,国际谈判压力和减排压力越来越大。改革开放30多年来,中国经济平稳快速发展,取得了巨大成就。自从加入WTO之后,我国进出口量呈爆炸式增长,以年均20%的增长速度逐步发展。1978年至2010年,我国进出口总额年均增长16.8%。然而,由于我国是发展中国家,在我国的对外贸易中,大部分是与发达国家贸易,我国是以自我的能源和资源消耗及环境污染为代价来维系不断增长的贸易顺差。因此研究对外开放条件下各地区各因素对碳强度的影响对于我国节能减排的意义重大。本文首先直观的描述了中国区域的碳强度差异,通过可视化描述的方法直观描绘了区域碳强度的差异,运用泰尔指数测算各区域碳强度的区域差异。然后利用全国28个省区2005-2013年的面板数据,实证分析并检验全国7大区域(华东地区、华中地区、华南地区、华北地区、西北地区、西南地区和东北地区)碳强度与对外贸易、外商直接投资引进和对外直接投资之间的关系,测量各变量之间的关系是否显著,以期求出各区域的进出口贸易对全国碳强度的影响。通过对2005-2013年间中国7大区域28个省区开放经济下三大因素对碳强度的影响因素分析发现,在华东地区,对外直接投资和产业结构促进了碳强度,其余解释变量均抑制了碳强度。在华南地区,进口、外商直接投资、对外直接投资和产业结构促进了碳强度,出口、人均GDP和能源结构抑制了碳强度。在华北地区,出口、对外直接投资、产业结构和能源结构均促进了碳强度,进口、外商直接投资和人均GDP抑制了碳强度。在华中地区,出口、产业结构和能源结构促进了碳强度,进口、外商直接投资、对外直接投资和人均GDP抑制了碳强度。在东北地区,进口、外商直接投资、产业结构和能源结构促进了碳强度,出口、对外直接投资和人均GDP抑制了碳强度。在西南地区,进口、外商直接投资和产业结构促进了碳强度,出口、对外直接投资、人均GDP和能源结构抑制了碳强度。在西北地区,只有进口是抑制了碳强度,出口、外商直接投资、对外直接投资、人均GDP、产业结构和能源结构均促进了碳强度。本文指出影响全国碳强度的关键因素及关键地区,以期为顺利实现碳减排目标提供依据和参考。
[Abstract]:Global climate change has made carbon emissions a focus of attention. China, as the world's second largest economy and largest carbon emitter, is under increasing pressure from international negotiations and emissions reduction. More than 30 years of reform and opening up, China's economy has developed steadily and rapidly, and great achievements have been made. Since China's entry into WTO, China's import and export volume has been exploding, with an average annual growth rate of 20%. From 1978 to 2010, China's import and export volume increased by an average of 16.8 percent a year. As China is a developing country, most of its foreign trade is with developed countries. China maintains a growing trade surplus at the expense of its own energy and resource consumption and environmental pollution. Therefore, it is important to study the impact of various factors on carbon intensity in China under the condition of opening up to the outside world. This paper first intuitively describes the carbon intensity difference in China. The difference of regional carbon intensity is described intuitively by the method of visual description, and the regional difference of carbon intensity in each region is calculated by using the Thiel index. Then, the panel data of 28 provinces and regions in China from 2005 to 2013 are used. Empirical analysis and testing of carbon intensity and foreign trade in seven major regions of China (East, Central, South, North, Northwest, Southwest and Northeast), The relationship between foreign direct investment (FDI) introduction and foreign direct investment (OFDI) is measured to determine whether the relationship between the variables is significant. In order to find out the influence of import and export trade of different regions on the carbon intensity of the whole country. Through the analysis of three factors affecting carbon intensity under the open economy of 28 provinces and regions in seven regions and 28 provinces in China from 2005 to 2013, it is found that in East China, Foreign direct investment (FDI) and industrial structure have promoted carbon intensity, and other explanatory variables have restrained carbon intensity. In South China, imports, foreign direct investment, foreign direct investment and industrial structure have promoted carbon intensity and export. GDP per capita and energy structure restrain carbon intensity. In North China, exports, foreign direct investment, industrial structure and energy structure all promote carbon intensity, import, foreign direct investment and per capita GDP restrain carbon intensity. Industrial structure and energy structure promote carbon intensity, import, foreign direct investment, foreign direct investment and per capita GDP restrain carbon intensity. In Northeast China, import, foreign direct investment, industrial structure and energy structure promote carbon intensity. Exports, foreign direct investment and per capita GDP inhibit carbon intensity. In southwest China, imports, foreign direct investment and industrial structure promote carbon intensity, exports, and foreign direct investment. Per capita GDP and energy structure suppress carbon intensity. In the Northwest, only imports suppress carbon intensity, exports, foreign direct investment, foreign direct investment, and foreign direct investment. The per capita GDP, industrial structure and energy structure promote carbon intensity. This paper points out the key factors and key areas that affect the carbon intensity in China, in order to provide the basis and reference for the successful realization of carbon emission reduction target.
【学位授予单位】：中国矿业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X22;F125

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