全球价值链下的中美贸易利益核算:基于隐含碳的视角

发布时间：2018-03-01 06:24

本文关键词： 全球价值链气候变化中美贸易隐含碳多区域投入产出模型　出处：《国际商务(对外经济贸易大学学报)》2017年03期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：中美两国在全球价值链中占有举足轻重的地位,两国对气候变化的态度和行动也是全球减排成败的关键,本文构建了多区域投入产出(MRIO)模型,从"隐含碳贸易"视角核算比较全球价值链下的中美利益,并从最终需求结构层面分析产生这一结果的主要原因。结果表明:2011年中国对美国隐含碳出口为476.62百万吨(Mt),占中国碳排放量的5.67%,而美国对中国隐含碳出口为51.84Mt,仅占美国碳排放量的0.99%,这一不平衡造成的结果是"美国消费、中国污染"。此外,中美两国的隐含碳出口结构有众多相似之处,但中国对美隐含碳出口行业集中度过高。商品贸易量并非是决定中美隐含碳贸易额的主要因素,其主要原因在于各行业碳排放系数的差异及其在全球价值链中位置的差异。因此,中美两国在贸易和气候变化方面应该遵循"创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享"的五大发展理念,从需求侧和供给侧共同努力,减少全球温室气体排放。
[Abstract]:China and the United States occupies a pivotal position in the global value chain, the key to climate change in attitude and action is global emissions of success or failure, this paper constructs a multi regional input-output model (MRIO), from the "carbon trading" from the perspective of global value chain accounting is under the interests of China and the United States, and analyzes the main reasons of this result from the final demand structure level. The results showed that: in 2011 China on American carbon emissions embodied in exports to 476 million 620 thousand tons (Mt), accounting for 5.67% China carbon emissions, while the United States to China carbon export as 51.84Mt, accounted for only 0.99% of U.S. carbon emissions, this imbalance is the result of "American consumption, Chinese pollution". In addition, China and the United States embodied carbon export structure has many similarities, but Chinese of beauty embodied carbon export industry concentration is too high. The volume of goods trade is not decided Sino US trade is mainly due to carbon Su, the main reason lies in the difference of the industry carbon emission coefficient and the difference between the position in the global value chain. Therefore, the two countries in trade and climate change should follow the "innovation, harmony, green, open, five development ideas of sharing, from the demand side and the supply side of joint efforts to reduce global greenhouse gas emissions.

【作者单位】：首都经济贸易大学经济学院;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金“全球价值链嵌入对中国增加值贸易隐含碳的影响与减排路径研究”(71573180)
【分类号】：F752;F757.12;X196

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