膨润土调质对污泥堆肥的脱毒及重金属钝化和雌酮消除作用

发布时间：2018-03-02 02:21

本文关键词： 污泥堆肥膨润土调质重金属钝化雌酮　出处：《环境科学》2017年07期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：利用干基添加比例为0~10%钙基膨润土对污泥进行了调质,通过52 d的好氧堆肥研究了调质对堆体温度、pH、水溶性盐分(EC)、有机碳、总氮、铵态氮(NH_4~+-N)、硝态氮(NO_3~--N)的影响,并进一步分析了其对污泥脱毒(种子萌发)和重金属(Zn、Cu、Pb、Cd)钝化及雌酮(E1)消除的影响.结果表明,污泥经外加膨润土调质后,可以促进堆肥物料的热灭活无害化,能使有机碳矿化率达到15.27%~19.71%;堆肥过程中各处理堆肥pH先降低后升高,最终稳定在6.76~7.05之间,但膨润土调质堆肥pH的波动变缓;添加膨润土的堆肥EC显著低于对照处理(1 132μS·cm~(-1)),整个堆肥过程EC值随着膨润土添加比例的增加而稍有降低.堆肥过程中的总氮含量逐渐增加,但对照处理在堆肥初期存在一定的氮素损失,而污泥经过调质可减少堆肥初期氮素损失;整个堆肥中NH_4~+-N含量先增加后降低,各处理NO_3~--N均呈现出逐渐增加的趋势,表明污泥调质促进NO_3~--N的转化.虽然调质对种子发芽产生一定的抑制作用,但均不影响堆肥的腐熟,且能显著促进重金属的钝化,同时添加膨润土处理显著降低堆料E1含量,添加比例5%处理使E1含量由90.48μg·kg~(-1)降低至28.27μg·kg~(-1).研究表明,膨润土不高于5%的添加比例是适合的污泥调质措施,在污泥堆肥物料的安全化、脱毒及重金属钝化和雌酮消除方面具有较好的应用潜力.
[Abstract]:The sludge was treated with 10% calcium bentonite in dry base. The effects of conditioning on the temperature and pH of the reactor, water soluble salt, organic carbon, total nitrogen, ammonium nitrogen (NH4 ~ -N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3) were studied by aerobic compost for 52 days. Furthermore, the effects of sludge detoxification (seed germination), heavy metal ZnCuCuPbCd) passivation and estradiol E1) elimination were analyzed. The results showed that the sludge treated with bentonite could promote the thermal inactivation of composting materials. In the composting process, the pH value of the compost decreased first and then increased, and finally stabilized between 6.76 and 7.05, but the fluctuation of pH value of the bentonite modified compost became slower. The mineralization rate of organic carbon reached 15.27 and 19.71.In the composting process, the pH value of the compost decreased first, then increased, and finally stabilized in the range of 6.76 ~ 7.05. The EC of the compost added with bentonite was significantly lower than that of the control treatment (1 132 渭 S 路cm ~ (-1)), and the EC value of the whole composting process decreased slightly with the increase of the ratio of bentonite to the compost, and the total nitrogen content of the compost increased gradually. However, nitrogen loss existed in the early composting stage of the control treatment, and nitrogen loss in the initial composting stage could be reduced by sludge conditioning, and the NH4- N content in the compost increased first and then decreased, and the NO_3~--N of each treatment showed a trend of increasing gradually. The results showed that sludge treatment could promote the transformation of NO_3~--N, although it had some inhibitory effect on seed germination, it had no effect on compost maturation, and could significantly promote the passivation of heavy metals, and the addition of bentonite could significantly reduce the E1 content of heap material. The content of E1 decreased from 90.48 渭 g 路kg ~ (-1) to 28.27 渭 g 路kg ~ (-1) 路kg ~ (-1) by adding ratio 5%. The results showed that bentonite no more than 5% was suitable for sludge conditioning, and it was safe for sludge composting. Detoxification, heavy metal passivation and estradione elimination have good application potential.
【作者单位】：西北农林科技大学资源环境学院;农业部西北植物营养与农业环境重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(41201280,41571282) 陕西省自然科学基金项目(2015JM4134) 中央高校基本科研业务费专项(2014YB064)
【分类号】：S141.4;X703

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