污水稀释聚合物粘度损失的研究

发布时间：2018-03-23 03:13

  本文选题：含聚合物污水　切入点：污水配聚　出处：《东北石油大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着石油开采的开展,目前我国的许多大型油田都已经进入了石油开采的中后期,为了稳定石油产量,很多油田采用聚驱采油技术。但聚合物驱油技术的广泛使用也带来了几个严重的问题:第一,如果聚合物污水不进行循环使用,其所消耗的水量非常大,同时,外排的的聚合物污水会造成严重的环境污染;第二,三元复合驱和聚驱所用的聚合物在输送过程中,由于机械降解和生物降解的原因,往往会造成粘度损失,直接影响其驱油效果;第三,含聚合物污水具有聚合物含量、油含量和悬浮物含量超标,乳化严重,油滴细小,乳状液稳定等特性,使用现有工艺设备处理后,石油类含量及悬浮物,难以达到油田注水标准,未经有效处理的聚合物污水回注到油层会造成水井附近的油层污染,从而导致一系列的油田处理问题。本文通过室内研究和现场应用情况,分析了污水稀释聚合物粘度损失影响因素与控制方法,得出主要研究成果如下:(1)本文对污水稀释聚合物溶液粘度损失影响因素进行了实验分析,研究结果表明,金属离子Na~+、Ca~(2+)、Mg~(2+)、Fe~(2+)、Fe~(3+)、S~(2-)对污水稀释聚合物溶液粘度损失的影响较大,其中Fe~(2+)和S~(2-)对污水稀释聚合物溶液粘度损失影响最大;而采油污水中的含油量、悬浮固体含量、细菌基本对聚合物的粘度没有影响;而溶解氧含量在含聚污水稀释聚合物过程中有重要影响。(2)通过比较分析降低矿化度方法、投加络合剂去除钙镁离子、投加氧化剂、曝氧等方法对含聚污水进行处理几种方法表明,选择高效经济的增粘方法为曝氧法。(3)现场配注试验分析表明。空压机和射流器两种曝氧方式去除还原性物质的效果差别不大,空压机溶氧效果虽好于射流器溶氧效果,但在同等气水比条件下稀释聚合物母液后的粘度却基本相同。从经济性角度考虑选择空压机曝氧处理方法。
[Abstract]:With the development of oil production, many large oil fields in China have entered the middle and late stages of oil exploitation at present. In order to stabilize oil production, Many oilfields adopt polymer flooding technology. But the widespread use of polymer flooding technology also brings several serious problems: first, if polymer sewage is not recycled, it consumes a lot of water, and at the same time, Effluent from polymer effluents can cause serious environmental pollution. Secondly, polymer used in ASP flooding and polymer flooding often cause viscosity loss due to mechanical and biological degradation during transportation. Third, the wastewater containing polymer has the characteristics of polymer content, oil content and suspended matter content exceeding the standard, serious emulsification, fine oil droplets, stable emulsion, etc. The oil content and suspended matter are difficult to meet the water injection standard in oil fields. If the untreated polymer sewage is injected back into the reservoir, it will cause oil layer pollution near the wells. In this paper, through laboratory research and field application, the influencing factors and control methods of viscosity loss of waste water diluting polymer are analyzed. The main research results are as follows: (1) in this paper, the factors affecting viscosity loss of waste water diluted polymer solution are analyzed experimentally. The results show that the metal ion Na ~ (2 +) (Ca ~ ((2)) C ~ ((2)) C ~ (2 +)) has a great influence on the viscosity loss of waste water diluted polymer solution. The viscosity loss of polymer solution was mainly affected by Fe~(2) and Sph2), but the oil content, suspended solid content and bacteria had no effect on the viscosity of polymer. However, the dissolved oxygen content has an important effect in the process of diluting the polymer containing polymer. Through the comparative analysis of the methods of reducing the salinity, the complexing agent is added to remove calcium and magnesium ions, and the oxidant is added. Several methods such as aeration and so on for treating polymerized sewage show that the selection of high efficient and economical viscosity increasing method is aeration oxygen method. The analysis of field injection experiment shows that there is no significant difference between the two aeration methods of air compressor and jet apparatus in removing reducing substances. Although the dissolved oxygen effect of the air compressor is better than that of the jet reactor, the viscosity of the polymer mother liquor diluted under the same air-water ratio is basically the same. The aeration treatment method of the air compressor is considered from the economic point of view.
【学位授予单位】：东北石油大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TE39;X741
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本文编号：1651639