石油污染与食细菌线虫对土壤微生物活性及石油降解的影响

发布时间：2018-03-23 17:10

本文选题：石油污染土壤　切入点：模式线虫　出处：《环境科学学报》2017年11期

【摘要】：随着经济快速发展,石油及其产品用量增多,石油污染问题日益严重,土壤石油污染治理刻不容缓.研究表明石油污染土壤中存在大量的食细菌线虫,但食细菌线虫在石油污染土壤中的作用还不清楚.本试验采用人工模拟石油污染土壤,通过接种不同密度模式线虫(Caenorhabditis elegans),研究食细菌线虫在石油污染土壤中的功能及其对污染土壤中石油降解及土壤微生物活性的影响.本实验共设6个处理:高温灭菌石油污染土壤(FSP),作为对照处理1;杀灭线虫土壤(S),作为对照处理2;石油污染土壤(SP);石油污染土壤+5条线虫/g干土(SPN5);石油污染土壤+10条线虫/g干土(SPN10);石油污染土壤+20条线虫/g干土(SPN20).研究结果表明:整个试验培养结束时,处理SP、SPN5、SPN10和SPN20的石油残留量比第0天采样时分别降低约60.78%、80.01%、67.63%和66.31%,处理SP、SPN5、SPN10和SPN20的石油残留量比处理FSP分别降低约43.60%、70.68%、52.34%和50.45%,得出接种线虫可以促进污染土壤的石油降解,其中接种5条线虫/g干土的处理促进石油降解效果最好.第7 d采样时,处理SP、SPN5、SPN10、SPN20中脱氢酶酶活性比处理S分别增加约132.76%、115.09%、118.67%和55.81%,表明石油污染可以激活脱氢酶;第14 d时,接种线虫处理SPN5、SPN10和SPN20的脱氢酶活性比未接种线虫处理SP的脱氢酶活性分别增加约5.16%、18.13%和29.56%,表明添加食细菌线虫也促进了土壤相关酶活性.该研究证明食细菌线虫可以在石油污染土壤中刺激微生物的繁殖,增强土壤酶活性,进而促进污染土壤石油的降解.
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of economy, the consumption of petroleum and its products is increasing, the problem of oil pollution is becoming more and more serious, and the treatment of soil oil pollution is urgent. Research shows that there are a large number of bacteriophagous nematode in oil-contaminated soil. However, the role of bacterial nematode in petroleum contaminated soil is not clear. The effects of bacterial nematode on petroleum degradation and microbial activity in petroleum contaminated soil were studied by inoculating Caenorhabditis eleanss with different densities. Six treatments were established in this experiment: high temperature sterilization. Petroleum contaminated soil FSPN, treated as control 1; nematode killing soil, 2 as control; petroleum contaminated soil, SPN; petroleum contaminated soil, 5 nematodes / g dry soil SPN5; petroleum contaminated soil, 10 nematodes / g dry soil, SPN10; petroleum contaminated soil. Soil 20 nematodes / g dry soil spN20. The results showed that: at the end of the whole experiment, The petroleum residues of SPN5 SPN10 and SPN20 treated with SPN5 and SPN20 were about 60.78% and 66.31% lower than those of day 0, respectively. The petroleum residues of SPN5SPN10 and SPN20 were reduced by 43.6070.6852.34% and 50.4545% than that of FSP, respectively. The results showed that inoculation of nematode could promote the oil degradation of contaminated soil. The treatment of inoculating 5 nematodes / g dry soil had the best effect on oil degradation. At the 7th day of sampling, the dehydrogenase activity in SPN5 / 10 SPN10 SPN20 was increased by 132.76% and 55.81%, respectively, compared with that of S, indicating that oil pollution can activate dehydrogenase; on the 14th day, The dehydrogenase activities of SPN5, SPN10 and SPN20 inoculated with nematodes increased by about 5.16% and 29.56%, respectively, compared with those of non-inoculated nematodes, which indicated that the addition of bacterial nematode also promoted the activity of soil related enzymes. To stimulate the propagation of microbes in petroleum-contaminated soils, Enhance soil enzyme activity, and then promote the degradation of contaminated soil oil.
【作者单位】：安徽农业大学生命科学学院;南昌工程学院江西省退化生态系统修复与流域生态水文重点实验室;
【基金】：江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(No.GJJ20151118) 国家自然科学基金(No.31460149) 江西省科技厅重点研发计划项目(No.20161BBG70050) 安徽省生物学重点学科项目(No.2014QJSK015)~~
【分类号】：X53

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