前体物与气象因子对珠江三角洲臭氧污染的影响

发布时间：2018-03-30 09:21

本文选题：臭氧　切入点：氮氧化物　出处：《中国环境科学》2017年03期

【摘要】：利用2012年中国气象局广州番禺大气成分站的O_3、NO_x逐时浓度数据,广州观象台逐时的温度、相对湿度以及风向风速数据,统计分析了2012年O_3前体物(NO_x)以及气象因子对珠江三角洲(以下简称珠三角)地区臭氧浓度的影响.研究发现:O_3和NO_x均表现出单峰结构的月变化特征,且分别于10月和3月达到峰值,为(104.9±68.0)μg/m~3,(131.1±122.1)μg/m~3.O_3的日变化为单峰分布,午后的浓度较高,而NO_x浓度于早晚高峰有增加,且夜间浓度高于白天.NO_x对O_3有显著的滴定作用,O_3浓度随着NO_x浓度的增加呈现指数形式下降.高温低湿条件有利于O_3的形成.与NO_x类似,O_3浓度随着温度和相对湿度的增大以指数形式相应的增大和减小.当珠三角地区受偏西风控制时,下风向地区的O_3浓度最高,而当珠三角地区盛行偏北风时,下风向地区的O_3浓度最低,且该方向所对应的NO_x浓度最高,表明广州城区的NO_x对O_3的滴定作用显著.珠三角地区发生光化学污染的关键性因子主要为20~40μg/m~3的NO_x浓度,高于27°C的气温,低于55%的相对湿度以及受偏西风控制.分析发现10月份O_3的形成主要受VOCs控制,且烯烃的O_3生成潜势贡献最大,为69%,而烷烃和芳香烃的贡献分别为15%、16%.
[Abstract]:Using the hourly concentration data of O _ 3N _ x at Guangzhou Panyu Atmospheric composition Station of the China Meteorological Bureau in 2012, the hourly temperature, relative humidity and wind direction and wind speed data of Guangzhou Observatory, The influence of meteorological factors on ozone concentration in Pearl River Delta (Pearl River Delta) was analyzed statistically. The results showed that both O _ 3 and NO_x showed the monthly variation characteristics of single-peak structure. The daily variation of 131.1 卤122.1 渭 g/m~3.O_3 at 104.9 卤68.0 渭 g / m ~ (-1) 渭 g/m~3.O_3 in October and March respectively showed a single peak distribution, and the concentration in the afternoon was higher, while the concentration of NO_x increased in the morning and evening. Moreover, the nocturnal concentration is higher than that of day. Nox has a significant titration effect on O _ 3. The concentration of O _ 3 decreases exponentially with the increase of NO_x concentration. High temperature and low humidity are favorable to the formation of O _ 3. The concentration of O _ 3 is similar to that of NO_x with temperature and relative humidity. When the Pearl River Delta region is controlled by the westerly wind, When the northerly wind is prevailing in the Pearl River Delta, the concentration of O _ 3 in the downwind area is the lowest, and the corresponding NO_x concentration in this direction is the highest. The results showed that the titration effect of NO_x on O _ 3 in Guangzhou urban area was remarkable. The key factor of photochemical pollution in Pearl River Delta was the concentration of 20 ~ 40 渭 g/m~3 NO_x, which was higher than the temperature of 27 掳C. The results show that the formation of O _ (3) is mainly controlled by VOCs in October, and the potential of O _ (3) formation of olefins is 69%, while the contribution of alkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons is 15 ~ (16) U ~ (-1), respectively.
【作者单位】：中山大学大气科学学院;暨南大学大气环境安全与污染控制研究所;暨南大学广东省大气污染在线源解析系统工程技术研究中心;中国气象局广州热带海洋气象研究所;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金资助项目(41630422,41475004) 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0203305) 中国气象局气候变化专项(CCSF201531)
【分类号】：X515

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