低温等离子体协同处理含汞废气和二恶英的研究

发布时间：2018-04-22 04:09

本文选题：脉冲低温等离子体 + 汞　；参考：《华北电力大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着社会的不断发展和进步,产生的医疗废物、生活垃圾、危险废物日益增加,而这些废物通常都是采用焚烧的方法处理。焚烧过程产生的烟气中都包含有汞和二恶英,对于这两种物质的处理十分困难。目前普遍采用的活性炭吸附处理方法,处理成本高昂,给企业带来了很大的压力。因此开发高效、节能、环保的处理工艺对于汞和二恶英的控制具有非常重要的意义。本文通过研制高压脉冲直流电源,采用线筒式脉冲低温等离子体对汞和二恶英进行协同控制,分别研究了脉冲低温等离子体电源频率和电压对汞去除效果的影响,脉冲低温等离子体电源频率、电压、O2含量、水蒸气含量、1,2,4-三氯苯初始浓度、停留时间对1,2,4-三氯苯降解效果的影响及脉冲低温等离子体对汞和1,2,4-三氯苯的同时降解效果。通过研究发现:(1)随着电压和频率的升高,汞和1,2,4-三氯苯的去除率都呈现逐渐变大的趋势,表现出电压和频率越高去除效果越好;(2)不同的O2含量对1,2,4-三氯苯的去除效果影响较大,O2含量越高越有利于反应器对1,2,4-三氯苯的去除;(3)水蒸气的加入有利于提高1,2,4-三氯苯的去除率,但是随着水蒸气的加入,1,2,4-三氯苯的去除率呈现先增大后减小的趋势,水蒸气含量以6%-8%较为合适;(4)1,2,4-三氯苯的初始浓度低,在反应器中停留时间长都是促进降解率提高的重要因素。(5)在模拟烟气中同时存在汞和1,2,4-三氯苯时,反应器对其都有较高的去除率。在实验室研究的基础上,分别对贵州废汞触媒回收产生的含汞尾气和宁波危废焚烧产生尾气进行了现场中试实验。中试实验验证了脉冲低温等离子结合陶瓷纳米材料可以对汞实现97.8%的去除率,单一的脉冲低温等离子体对二恶英的毒性当量降解率可以达到62.6%。通过本次理论与实践的相结合,为今后脉冲低温等离子体在汞和二恶英协同控制领域的工业化应用奠定了基础。
[Abstract]:With the continuous development and progress of society, medical waste, domestic waste, hazardous waste are increasing, and these wastes are usually treated by incineration. Both mercury and dioxins are contained in the flue gas produced by incineration, so it is very difficult to deal with these two substances. The high cost of activated carbon adsorption treatment, which is widely used at present, brings great pressure to enterprises. Therefore, the development of efficient, energy-efficient, environmentally-friendly treatment process for mercury and dioxin control is very important. In this paper, the influence of frequency and voltage of pulse low temperature plasma on mercury removal was studied by developing a high voltage pulsed DC power supply, and using a linear pulsed low temperature plasma to control mercury and dioxin. The effects of pulse low temperature plasma power supply frequency, voltage O 2 content, water vapor content, initial concentration of 4trichlorobenzene and residence time on the degradation of 1g 2N 4 trichlorobenzene and the simultaneous degradation of mercury and 1o 2 O 4 trichlorobenzene by pulsed low temperature plasma. It was found that with the increase of voltage and frequency, the removal rates of mercury and 1-trichlorobenzene increased gradually. The higher the voltage and frequency, the better the removal efficiency.) the higher the O _ 2 content is, the better the removal efficiency is. The higher the O _ 2 content is, the more favorable the addition of water vapor is to the increase of 1 ~ (2 +) O ~ (2 +) -trichlorobenzene removal. Removal rate of trichlorobenzene, However, the removal rate of 4-trichlorobenzene increased at first and then decreased with the addition of water vapor, and the initial concentration of 4-trichlorobenzene was low with 6-8% water vapor content. Long residence time in the reactor is an important factor to promote the increase of degradation rate. 5) when mercury and 1o 2n 4- trichlorobenzene exist simultaneously in simulated flue gas, the reactor has a higher removal rate of mercury and trichlorobenzene. Based on the laboratory research, the field pilot-scale experiments were carried out on the tail gas containing mercury produced by the recovery of waste mercury catalyst in Guizhou province and the tail gas from Ningbo waste incineration. The experimental results show that the removal rate of mercury can be 97.8% by pulsed low-temperature plasma combined with ceramic nanomaterials, and the equivalent degradation rate of dioxin by a single pulsed low-temperature plasma can reach 62.6%. The combination of this theory and practice lays a foundation for the industrial application of pulsed low-temperature plasma in the field of synergistic control of mercury and dioxin in the future.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X701

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