多代铜胁迫及丛枝菌根真菌对海州香薷后代适合度的影响

发布时间：2018-05-12 05:39

本文选题：海州香薷 + 丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)　；参考：《山西师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：土壤重金属铜污染是全球环境污染治理的难题与焦点。AMF是一种能与大多数植物共生并且可以缓解重金属胁迫对植物伤害的真菌。铜耐受植物海州香薷易与AMF形成良好的共生系统。本实验以实验室经过二代重金属铜胁迫的四个海州香薷种群:CK(无AMF,无Cu)、Cu(无AMF,有Cu)、AMF(有AMF,无Cu)、Cu+AMF(有AMF,有Cu)的种子为供试材料,通过框栽实验分析多代重金属铜胁迫及AMF对海州香薷适合度的影响,得到的结果如下:1.二代重金属Cu胁迫的海州香薷Cu种群的种子表面积、周长、长度和宽度均显著低于其他种群,而与二代重金属Cu胁迫的海州香薷Cu种群的种子相比,接种AMF的Cu+AMF处理的种子则显著增加了种子的表面积、周长、长度和宽度。二代重金属Cu胁迫的海州香薷Cu种群的千粒重与其他种群相似。不管是在哪个铜浓度下,二代重金属Cu胁迫的海州香薷Cu种群的种子的发芽指标和幼苗生长情况均显著低于Cu+AMF处理二代的海州香薷种群种子。本实验还发现,Cu+AMF处理二代的海州香薷种群种子幼苗的胚根长度显著高于其他种群,表明在受到二代重金属Cu胁迫后,接种AMF可以帮助海州香薷幼苗通过提高胚根长度以增强幼苗对外界养分的捕获能力,从而降低重金属铜胁迫对后代适合度的抑制。2.受到了三代重金属Cu胁迫的Cu处理与CK相比,显著地抑制了植株的生长,降低了植株的株高、基径、根生物量、茎生物量、叶生物量以及根系的总长度、根系的表面积、根系的平均直径、根尖数,而与Cu处理相比,添加AMF的Cu+AMF处理能显著提高植株的各个形态指标,从而促进海州香薷的生长。3.与对照CK相比,经过三代重金属Cu胁迫的Cu处理延迟了植株的始花期、高峰期、终花期,缩短了花期持续时间,抑制了植物花序的长度和宽度,从而使得植株的种子总重量、种子总数量较少。与Cu处理相比,经过三代重金属Cu胁迫的Cu+AMF处理显著提前了植株的各个花期,增加了花序长、花序宽、花序数量、种子总重量、种子总数量。4.三代重金属Cu胁迫的Cu处理植物与CK相比,显著提高了植株根、茎、叶器官内的重金属Cu含量,提高了根中的P、K、Fe含量,茎中的P、Fe含量,而经过三代重金属Cu胁迫的Cu+AMF处理在添加了AMF后则显著降低了根、茎、叶器官内的重金属Cu含量,降低了根中的P、S、K,茎中的P。
[Abstract]:Soil heavy metal copper pollution is a difficult problem and focus of global environmental pollution control. AMF is a fungus that can coexist with most plants and alleviate the damage of heavy metal stress to plants. The copper-tolerant plant Elsholtzia splendens is easy to form a good symbiotic system with AMF. In this experiment, the seeds of four populations of Elsholtzia splendens (No AMF, no Cu (AMF, Cu AMF) were used as the test materials in four populations of Elsholtzia splendens (Elsholtzia splendens) under heavy metal copper stress of the second generation. The effects of copper stress and AMF on the fitness of Elsholtzia splendens were studied in this paper. The results were as follows: 1. The seed surface area, circumference, length and width of the second generation of heavy metal Cu stress were significantly lower than those of the other populations, but compared with the second generation heavy metal Cu stress seeds of Elsholtzia splendens population. Cu AMF inoculated with AMF increased the surface area, perimeter, length and width of the seeds. The 1000-grain weight of Elsholtzia splendens population under Cu stress was similar to that of other populations. The germination index and seedling growth of the second generation of Elsholtzia splendens population under Cu stress were significantly lower than that of the second generation of Elsholtzia splendens population treated with Cu AMF. It was also found that the radicle length of the second generation of Elsholtzia splendens seed seedlings treated with Cu AMF was significantly longer than that of other populations, indicating that the second generation of heavy metal Cu stress was observed. Inoculation with AMF could help Elsholtzia splendens seedlings to increase the length of radicle to enhance their ability to capture external nutrients, and thus reduce the inhibition of copper stress on the suitability of progeny. 2. Compared with CK, Cu treatment under three generations of heavy metal Cu stress significantly inhibited plant growth, and decreased plant height, basal diameter, root biomass, stem biomass, leaf biomass, total root length and root surface area. Compared with Cu treatment, the average diameter of root system, the number of root tips, and Cu AMF added with AMF could significantly improve the morphological indexes of the plant, thus promoting the growth of Elsholtzia splendens. Compared with CK, Cu treatment of three generations of heavy metal Cu stress delayed the beginning of flowering, peak and final flowering, shortened the duration of flowering, inhibited the length and width of plant inflorescence, and resulted in the total weight of plant seeds. The total number of seeds is small. Compared with Cu treatment, Cu AMF treatment of three generations of heavy metal Cu stress significantly advanced the flowering period of the plant, and increased the length of inflorescence, the width of inflorescence, the number of inflorescence, the total weight of seeds and the total number of seeds. Compared with CK, Cu treatment of three generations of heavy metal Cu stress significantly increased the content of heavy metal Cu in plant root, stem and leaf organs, and increased the content of Pu K Fe in root and Pu Fe in stem. After three generations of Cu stress, Cu AMF significantly decreased the content of Cu in roots, stems and leaves, decreased the contents of AMF in roots and stems, and decreased the contents of Cu in stems.
【学位授予单位】：山西师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X172;X173

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