基于RS和GIS的舟山群岛区域生态环境评价及应用研究

发布时间：2018-06-08 08:32

本文选题：遥感 + 地理信息系统　；参考：《浙江海洋大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,针对海岛的开发活动日益加剧,海岛区域的生态环境和人类社会相互影响、相互制约的矛盾与日剧增,因此加强海岛的科学开发、监测保护和使用管理具有重要的现实意义。舟山群岛新区,是我国一项海洋经济战略决策所成立的新区,共有大小岛屿1390个,从岛屿数量而言,舟山群岛囊括了我国约四分之一的海岛。通过对舟山群岛区域生态环境评价的研究,对我国未来开发和保护有人海岛和无人海岛,科学管理,预测评估海岛生态环境现状具有重要的典型参考意义。在国内外现有的生态环境评价基础之上,以浙江省舟山群岛为例,构建遥感(RS)和地理信息系统(GIS)技术的舟山群岛区域生态环境评价方法:首先以舟山群岛2015-2016年高分二号遥感卫星影像为数据源,对全色影像数据源进行预处理后,利用RS技术对研究区地物光谱特征进行分析,形成舟山群岛区域基础信息数据库;然后利用GIS技术将舟山群岛离散为多个生态环境评价区域,采用多系统评价指标体系,运用折线型无量纲化处理后的评价指标,合理利用层次分析法分配权重,通过提取植被覆盖、土地退化、水气因子和人类活动指数,对生态环境状况综合指数计算,划分出生态环境状况等级;最后,依据评价结果来预测和评估整个舟山群岛的生态环境现状,并提出解决对策和管理建议,并进一步研究分析生态环境评价结果在舟山群岛区域自然、经济发展中的应用。提出了研究中的创新和不足,并展望了未来海岛生态研究的发展方向。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the development activities of the islands have been increasingly intensified, the ecological environment and human society in the island area have influenced each other, the contradiction and the daily increase of the mutual restriction, so strengthen the scientific development of the islands. Monitoring protection and use management has important practical significance. Zhoushan Archipelago New area is a new area established by a strategic decision of marine economy in China. There are 1390 small and small islands. In terms of the number of islands, Zhoushan Islands include about 1/4 of the islands in China. Through the study of regional ecological environment evaluation of Zhoushan archipelago, it has important typical reference significance for the future development and protection of some islands and uninhabited islands in China, scientific management and prediction and evaluation of the status quo of the ecological environment of islands. Based on the existing ecological environment assessment at home and abroad, taking Zhoushan Islands in Zhejiang Province as an example, The method of regional ecological environment assessment of Zhoushan archipelago based on RS (RS) and GIS (Geographic Information system) technology is constructed. Firstly, the panchromatic image data source is preprocessed with Gaofen 2 remote sensing satellite image of Zhoushan Islands 2015-2016 as data source. The spectral characteristics of ground objects in the study area were analyzed by using RS technology to form the regional basic information database of Zhoushan archipelago, and then the Zhoushan archipelago was discretized into several ecological environment assessment areas by GIS technology, and the multi-system evaluation index system was adopted. In this paper, the evaluation index of broken line dimensionless treatment is used to calculate the comprehensive index of ecological environment condition through extracting vegetation cover, land degradation, water and gas factor and human activity index, using AHP to distribute the weight reasonably, and to calculate the comprehensive index of ecological environment condition by extracting vegetation cover, land degradation, water vapor factor and human activity index. Finally, according to the evaluation results to predict and evaluate the ecological environment of the whole Zhoushan Islands, and put forward solutions and management suggestions. The application of ecological environment evaluation results in natural and economic development of Zhoushan archipelago is further studied and analyzed. The innovation and deficiency of the research are put forward, and the development trend of the island ecological research in the future is prospected.
【学位授予单位】：浙江海洋大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X826

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