如何从规划层面推进城市大气污染防治——以北京市为例
发布时间：2018-07-13 13:26
【摘要】：在快速城市化的背景下,空气污染问题成为了城市经济和社会发展的重要阻碍,在城市规划阶段对环境保护缺乏重视是问题产生的重要原因之一。以北京市为例,城市规划从几个方面直接和间接影响了环境空气质量:一是定位问题,城市定位多次调整不利于可持续发展;二是执行问题,规划执行不力使得城市绿化隔离带被蚕食殆尽;三是压力问题,中心区人口、资源过度集中造成巨大环境压力;四是能力问题,区县新建城区综合服务能力不足导致潮汐式交通;五是布局问题,区域空间布局设计对环境保护问题考虑不充分。因此需要从规划层面充分考虑各类环境要素的环保需求,从根本上保护环境和防治污染。建议第一要提升环境规划的地位,实现"多规合一";第二找准城市发展定位,体现科学性和可持续发展性;第三加强规划的约束力和执行力,通过严格执法和监督充分保障规划的权威性;第四要疏解核心区非首都功能,做到严控增量、疏解存量、疏堵结合;第五要提高外围区域建设水平,全面改善公共服务和基础设施;第六要进一步优化城市空间布局,以实现全面提升北京市环境空气质量目标。
[Abstract]:Under the background of rapid urbanization, air pollution has become an important obstacle to the development of urban economy and society. The lack of attention to environmental protection in urban planning is one of the important reasons for the problem. Taking Beijing as an example, urban planning has directly and indirectly affected the quality of ambient air in several aspects: first, the problem of positioning, which is not conducive to sustainable development; and second, the issue of implementation. The poor implementation of the plan has made the urban greening isolation zone eroded; third, the problem of pressure, the excessive concentration of population and resources in the central district has caused great environmental pressure; and fourth, the problem of capacity. The lack of comprehensive service capacity in newly built urban areas of districts and counties leads to tidal traffic; fifthly, the layout problem, the regional spatial layout design does not fully consider the environmental protection problem. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the environmental protection needs of all kinds of environmental factors from the planning level, and to protect the environment and prevent pollution fundamentally. The recommendations are: first, to enhance the status of environmental planning, and to realize the "integration of multiple planning"; second, to find the right positioning for urban development to reflect scientific and sustainable development; and third, to strengthen the binding force and implementation of the plan. Through strict law enforcement and supervision, the authority of the planning should be fully safeguarded; fourth, the functions of the non-capital region of the core area should be dispelled, so that the increment of the core area should be strictly controlled, the amount of storage should be eased, and the combination of dispersal and blockage should be achieved. Improve public services and infrastructure in an all-round way; sixth, further optimize the urban spatial layout in order to achieve the goal of comprehensively improving the ambient air quality in Beijing.
【作者单位】： 中国环境监测总站国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室;
【基金】：林业公益性行业科研项目(201304301)资助
【分类号】：X51
[Abstract]:Under the background of rapid urbanization, air pollution has become an important obstacle to the development of urban economy and society. The lack of attention to environmental protection in urban planning is one of the important reasons for the problem. Taking Beijing as an example, urban planning has directly and indirectly affected the quality of ambient air in several aspects: first, the problem of positioning, which is not conducive to sustainable development; and second, the issue of implementation. The poor implementation of the plan has made the urban greening isolation zone eroded; third, the problem of pressure, the excessive concentration of population and resources in the central district has caused great environmental pressure; and fourth, the problem of capacity. The lack of comprehensive service capacity in newly built urban areas of districts and counties leads to tidal traffic; fifthly, the layout problem, the regional spatial layout design does not fully consider the environmental protection problem. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the environmental protection needs of all kinds of environmental factors from the planning level, and to protect the environment and prevent pollution fundamentally. The recommendations are: first, to enhance the status of environmental planning, and to realize the "integration of multiple planning"; second, to find the right positioning for urban development to reflect scientific and sustainable development; and third, to strengthen the binding force and implementation of the plan. Through strict law enforcement and supervision, the authority of the planning should be fully safeguarded; fourth, the functions of the non-capital region of the core area should be dispelled, so that the increment of the core area should be strictly controlled, the amount of storage should be eased, and the combination of dispersal and blockage should be achieved. Improve public services and infrastructure in an all-round way; sixth, further optimize the urban spatial layout in order to achieve the goal of comprehensively improving the ambient air quality in Beijing.
【作者单位】： 中国环境监测总站国家环境保护环境监测质量控制重点实验室;
【基金】：林业公益性行业科研项目(201304301)资助
【分类号】：X51
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