基于SWMM模型的南宁市地表径流及非点源污染精细化模拟研究
发布时间：2018-07-17 16:17
【摘要】：随着快速的城市化发展,我国城市不透水面积比例在不断地增长,由此引起城市内河流域内涝、黑臭频发等一系列问题。南宁作为东盟博览会永久举办地,也是“一带一路”的重要枢纽城市,近年来发展迅速,同样面临着径流污染加剧的痛点问题。2015年,南宁成为16个首批国家“海绵城市”建设试点之一,由此对南宁市进行地表径流及非点源污染的总体计量及空间特征研究具有重要的意义。本文以150m网格为基本单元,对南宁市区地表径流及非点源污染进行精细化建模研究,分3种情景化的低影响开发模式对试点区域进行了改造模拟,主要结论包括:通过分析年径流产量发现,2015年市区径流总量为3.37亿立方米,相比2009年的1.86亿立方米有很大增长,空间径流分布向市区东北方向偏移。非点源污染物中SS和COD产量均有增长,TN和TP则相反。COD产量从2009年的1.858万吨增加到了 2015年的1.868万吨,SS从3.880万吨增加到了 4.583万吨,TN从0.254万吨减少到了 0.228万吨,TP从0.073万吨减少到了 0.060万吨。年径流产量在空间分布上出现高污染区域转移的现象。研究发现造成径流量变化的主导因素是不透水面的变化,COD和SS变化的主导因素是是居住用地和商业用地,TN和TP变化的主导因素是工业用地、其它建筑用地和绿地。对特征区域的分析发现绿地能有效影响径流及非点源污染,在不同设计降水下径流峰值均出现了 30分钟的推迟,污染物的峰值也有了一定的推迟。对南宁高强度改造区H进行低影响开发情景模式改造模拟发现,最大径流(情景1)及污染物(情景2)去除模式下径流及SS的削减分别达到了 21.04%和66.37%,成本最优模式(情景3)下径流及SS的削减分别为13.74%和46.71%。从单位投资回报考虑,情景3单位成本径流和SS削减率分别增加了 0.17(%/千万元)和0.89(%/千万元),即情景3模式要优于情景1、2。由此提出建议,在进行“海绵城市”改造时需要从单位成本投资所带来的效益变化出发,多目标的进行管理设计方案的确定。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization, the proportion of impervious area in cities in China is increasing, which causes a series of problems such as waterlogging and frequent black-smelling in urban inland watersheds. Nanning, as the permanent host of the ASEAN Exposition and an important hub city of "Belt and Road", has developed rapidly in recent years and is also facing the problem of worsening runoff pollution. Nanning has become one of the experimental projects of "sponge city" construction in 16 countries, so it is of great significance to study the overall measurement and spatial characteristics of surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning. In this paper, the surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning urban area were modeled with 150m grid as the basic unit, and three scenarios of low-impact development models were used to reconstruct the pilot area. The main conclusions are as follows: through the analysis of the annual runoff output, the total urban runoff in 2015 is 337 million cubic meters, which is a great increase compared with 186 million cubic meters in 2009, and the spatial runoff distribution is shifted to the northeast of the urban area. SS and COD production in non-point source pollutants increased, whereas TN and TP increased from 18580 tons in 2009 to 18680 tons in 2015. SS increased from 38800 tons to 45830 tons of nitrogen from 2540 tons to 2280 tons of phosphorus. From 730 tons to 600 tons. The spatial distribution of annual runoff yield shows the phenomenon of high pollution area transfer. It is found that the main factors of runoff change are the change of water surface COD and SS the main factors of TN and TP change of residential land and commercial land are industrial land other building land and green land. It is found that green space can effectively affect runoff and non-point source pollution. Under different design precipitation, the peak runoff value is delayed for 30 minutes, and the peak value of pollutants is also delayed to a certain extent. The simulation of the low-impact development scenario model in the high-intensity transformation area H of Nanning shows that, Under the maximum runoff (scenario 1) and pollutants (scenario 2) removal model, the reduction of runoff and SS reached 21.04% and 66.37%, respectively, and the reduction of runoff and SS in the cost optimal model (scenario 3) was 13.74% and 46.71%, respectively. Considering the return on unit investment, the unit cost runoff and SS reduction rate of scenario 3 were increased by 0.17 (RMB / 10 million) and 0.89 (RMB / 10 million) respectively, that is, scenario 3 was better than scenario 1 / 2. Therefore, it is suggested that in the process of "sponge city" transformation, the multi-objective management design scheme should be determined based on the change of benefit brought by unit cost investment.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X52
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urbanization, the proportion of impervious area in cities in China is increasing, which causes a series of problems such as waterlogging and frequent black-smelling in urban inland watersheds. Nanning, as the permanent host of the ASEAN Exposition and an important hub city of "Belt and Road", has developed rapidly in recent years and is also facing the problem of worsening runoff pollution. Nanning has become one of the experimental projects of "sponge city" construction in 16 countries, so it is of great significance to study the overall measurement and spatial characteristics of surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning. In this paper, the surface runoff and non-point source pollution in Nanning urban area were modeled with 150m grid as the basic unit, and three scenarios of low-impact development models were used to reconstruct the pilot area. The main conclusions are as follows: through the analysis of the annual runoff output, the total urban runoff in 2015 is 337 million cubic meters, which is a great increase compared with 186 million cubic meters in 2009, and the spatial runoff distribution is shifted to the northeast of the urban area. SS and COD production in non-point source pollutants increased, whereas TN and TP increased from 18580 tons in 2009 to 18680 tons in 2015. SS increased from 38800 tons to 45830 tons of nitrogen from 2540 tons to 2280 tons of phosphorus. From 730 tons to 600 tons. The spatial distribution of annual runoff yield shows the phenomenon of high pollution area transfer. It is found that the main factors of runoff change are the change of water surface COD and SS the main factors of TN and TP change of residential land and commercial land are industrial land other building land and green land. It is found that green space can effectively affect runoff and non-point source pollution. Under different design precipitation, the peak runoff value is delayed for 30 minutes, and the peak value of pollutants is also delayed to a certain extent. The simulation of the low-impact development scenario model in the high-intensity transformation area H of Nanning shows that, Under the maximum runoff (scenario 1) and pollutants (scenario 2) removal model, the reduction of runoff and SS reached 21.04% and 66.37%, respectively, and the reduction of runoff and SS in the cost optimal model (scenario 3) was 13.74% and 46.71%, respectively. Considering the return on unit investment, the unit cost runoff and SS reduction rate of scenario 3 were increased by 0.17 (RMB / 10 million) and 0.89 (RMB / 10 million) respectively, that is, scenario 3 was better than scenario 1 / 2. Therefore, it is suggested that in the process of "sponge city" transformation, the multi-objective management design scheme should be determined based on the change of benefit brought by unit cost investment.
【学位授予单位】：广西大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X52
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5 彭，
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