环境政策工具理论研究及其在江西省的应用效果分析

发布时间：2018-12-17 23:46

【摘要】：改革开放四十年以来,中国经济的发展令世界瞩目,已逐渐成为全球最强劲的经济体之一。但粗放型的经济发展模式在我国已经持续数十年,导致目前面临严峻的矿产资源短缺和生态环境恶化问题。在环境问题引发对群众健康和生态可持续发展巨大威胁之时,我国一直在尝试通过各种手段来治理环境问题,但是由于观念、方法、管理体制和资金、技术等方面的问题,我国环境治理政策还有待优化,治理效果还有待提升。上述问题日益凸显,有关方面纷纷行动,寻找合适的政策工具,以期遏制环境恶化的趋势。西方发达国家的实践证明,不同类型的环境政策对环境保护的效果显著不同,环境政策工具逐渐成为了研究的热点。环境政策工具是政策问题和政策目标之间的桥梁,对于江西这样一个中部欠发达省份,如何摆脱库兹涅佐夫曲线的束缚,不走发达国家“先污染再治理”的老路,选择适当的环境政策工具,对解决环境问题至关重要的意义,甚至影响到环境政策工具实施的成败,因此,研究如何对环境政策工具进行优化,意义重大。本文运用了公共管理学的思想和研究方法,结合文献分析方法,比较研究方法等,首先阐述了环境政策工具的概念、类型、特点,然后总结了影响环境政策工具效果的关键因素。最后分析了各种环境政策工具江西省的应用情况,提出了优化建议。本论文主要包括六个章节的内容:第一章为绪论,介绍背景和意义,环境政策工具的国内外研究综述、研究方法、研究内容等;第二章为环境政策工具的基础理论,介绍政策工具的定义,对比分析三大类环境政策工具的优势、缺点、适用范围等理论问题;第三章为经济激励型环境政策工具,介绍庇古手段和科斯手段环境政策工具的经济理论基础,着重介绍排污税费、补贴及降低补贴、排污权交易、罚款制度、押金返还制度、绩效债券等几种形态的经济激励型环境政策工具;第四章为江西省环境政策工具的选择及效果分析,详细介绍目前江西省所采用的环境政策工具,比较不同工具实施的效果,特别是指出不足之处;第五章对江西省环境政策的建议,在研究的基础上,借鉴其他国家和我国发达地区的经验教训,提出对江西省有效的环境政策建议;第六章为结论,主要总结本论文研究中的不足之处,以及需要进一步研究的方向。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up 40 years ago, China's economic development has attracted the attention of the world and has gradually become one of the strongest economies in the world. However, the extensive economic development model has lasted for decades in China, which leads to the severe shortage of mineral resources and the deterioration of ecological environment. At a time when environmental problems pose a great threat to people's health and ecological sustainable development, our country has been trying to solve environmental problems by various means, but due to the problems of concept, method, management system, funds, technology, and so on, China's environmental governance policy needs to be optimized, and the effect of governance needs to be improved. These problems have become increasingly apparent, and efforts have been made to find the right policy tools to curb the trend of environmental degradation. The practice of western developed countries has proved that the effects of different environmental policies on environmental protection are significantly different, and environmental policy tools have gradually become the focus of research. The environmental policy tool is a bridge between policy problems and policy objectives. For an underdeveloped central province like Jiangxi, how to get rid of the shackles of the Kuznezov curve and not follow the old road of "pollution first and then control" in developed countries? Choosing appropriate environmental policy tools is of great significance to solve environmental problems and even affects the success or failure of the implementation of environmental policy tools. Therefore, it is of great significance to study how to optimize environmental policy tools. This paper uses the thought and research method of public management, combines the literature analysis method, the comparative research method and so on, first elaborated the concept, the type, the characteristic of the environmental policy tool, Then it summarizes the key factors that affect the effect of environmental policy tools. Finally, the application of various environmental policy tools in Jiangxi Province is analyzed, and suggestions for optimization are put forward. This paper mainly includes six chapters: the first chapter is the introduction, the introduction of background and significance, the domestic and foreign research review of environmental policy tools, research methods, research content and so on; The second chapter is the basic theory of environmental policy tools, introduces the definition of policy tools, compares and analyzes the advantages, disadvantages and applicable scope of the three categories of environmental policy tools. The third chapter is the economic incentive environmental policy tool. It introduces the economic theoretical basis of Pigou and Coase's environmental policy tools, especially the pollution tax, subsidy and reduction subsidy, emission trading, fine system, deposit return system. Performance bonds and other forms of economic incentive environmental policy tools; The fourth chapter is the choice and effect analysis of environmental policy tools in Jiangxi Province. It introduces in detail the environmental policy tools used in Jiangxi Province at present, compares the effects of different tools, and especially points out the deficiencies. The fifth chapter of Jiangxi Province environmental policy recommendations, on the basis of research, draw lessons from other countries and developed regions of China, put forward effective environmental policy recommendations for Jiangxi Province; The sixth chapter is the conclusion, mainly summarizes the deficiency of this thesis research, and needs further research direction.
【学位授予单位】：南昌大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X321

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