我国重点城市饮用水中砷健康累积风险评价

发布时间：2019-04-28 12:20

【摘要】：基于全国重点城市饮用水水质调查数据,完善现有砷的疾病负担计算方法,以伤残调整寿命年(disability-adjusted life years,DALYs)为评价终点,对全国重点城市饮用水中砷污染水平进行健康风险评价.结果表明,我国重点城市供水的饮水砷浓度很低(0.53μg·L~(-1)),远低于国家规定的上限值(10μg·L~(-1)).其导致的总的终身癌症发病率为1.76×10~(-5).不同癌症的风险排序为:皮肤癌(1.53×10~(-5))肺癌(2.25×10~(-6))肝癌(2.30×10~(-8))膀胱癌(1.34×10~(-10));饮水砷导致的人均癌症疾病负担为1.91×10~(-6)人·a~(-1).其中,皮肤癌和肺癌分别占70.2%和29.0%,膀胱癌和肝癌的疾病负担可忽略不计,但其总体致癌风险仍高于WHO所推荐的10~(-6)人·a~(-1)的水平.虽然我国饮水砷水平不高,但致癌风险不容忽略,未来需要采取更加有效可行的措施削减砷浓度,保障人们的饮水安全.
[Abstract]:Based on the survey data of drinking water quality in key cities of China, the existing methods for calculating the disease burden of arsenic are improved, and the disability-adjusted life year (disability-adjusted life years,DALYs) is used as the end point of evaluation. The health risk assessment of arsenic pollution level in drinking water in key cities of China was carried out. The results show that the concentration of arsenic in drinking water is very low (0.53 渭 g 路L ~ (- 1),) in key cities of China (0.53 渭 g 路L ~ (- 1).) lower than the upper limit (10 渭 g 路L ~ (- 1) mol). The total lifetime cancer incidence is 1.76 脳 10 ~ (- 5). The risk sequence of different cancers was: skin cancer (1.53 脳 10 ~ (- 5) lung cancer (2.25 脳 10 ~ (- 6) hepatocellular carcinoma (2.30 脳 10 ~ (- 8) bladder cancer (1.34 脳 10 ~ (- 10);). The per capita cancer disease burden caused by drinking water arsenic is 1.91 脳 10 ~ (- 6) people a ~ (- 1). Skin cancer and lung cancer accounted for 70.2% and 29.0%, respectively. The burden of bladder cancer and liver cancer was negligible, but the overall carcinogenic risk was still higher than that of 10 ~ (- 6) human a1 recommended by WHO. Although the level of arsenic in drinking water in China is not high, the risk of carcinogenesis should not be ignored. In the future, more effective and feasible measures should be taken to reduce the concentration of arsenic in order to ensure the safety of drinking water.
【作者单位】：中国科学院生态环境研究中心环境水质学国家重点实验室;中国科学院大学;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金项目(51290283,21277169,21477158)
【分类号】：X824

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