基于环境质量标准的环境承载力评价方法及其应用

发布时间：2019-06-06 06:01

【摘要】：建立资源环境承载能力监测预警机制,是全面深化改革的一项创新性工作。本文从环境承载力评价视角出发,提出了一种基于环境质量标准的环境承载力评价模型,即通过计算污染物浓度超标指数衡量大气、水及综合环境承载力状况,并以京津冀地区为试点开展案例研究。评价结果显示:1环境综合承载力方面,99%的区县超载。2大气环境承载力方面,可吸入颗粒物(PM10)和细颗粒物(PM2.5)是主要污染因子,98%的区县超载;臭氧(O3)和二氧化氮(NO2)的超标状况也非常严重,分别有87%、72%的区县超载。3水环境承载力方面,进行评价的108个区县全部超载,总氮(TN)、溶解氧(DO)、氨氮(NH3-N)和总磷(TP)为主要的超标污染因子。该评价模型以环境质量为基础,客观地反映了环境承载力状态,可广泛应用于中国不同尺度单元环境承载力的评价。
[Abstract]:The establishment of monitoring and early warning mechanism for the carrying capacity of resources and environment is an innovative work to deepen the reform in an all-round way. From the perspective of environmental carrying capacity evaluation, this paper puts forward an environmental carrying capacity evaluation model based on environmental quality standard, that is, to measure the atmospheric, water and comprehensive environmental carrying capacity by calculating the pollutant concentration exceeding the standard index. And take the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region as the pilot project to carry out the case study. The evaluation results show that: (1) 99% of the districts and counties are overloaded. 2 in terms of atmospheric environmental carrying capacity, inhalable particles (PM10) and fine particles (PM2.5) are the main pollution factors, and 98% of the districts and counties are overloaded; The excess of ozone (O3) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is also very serious, 87% and 72% of the districts and counties are overloaded respectively. 3 in terms of water environmental carrying capacity, all the 108 districts and counties are overloaded, and the total nitrogen (TN), dissolved oxygen (DO), is also very serious. Ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N) and total phosphorus (TP) were the main pollution factors. The evaluation model is based on environmental quality and objectively reflects the state of environmental bearing capacity, and can be widely used in the evaluation of environmental bearing capacity of different scale units in China.
【作者单位】：环境保护部环境规划院国家环境保护环境规划与政策模拟重点实验室;
【基金】：国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项(2012ZX07601-002) 环境保护部财政预算重点项目(2110107) 中国科学院科技服务网络计划(STS计划)项目(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-021)~~
【分类号】：X820

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