基于奇异值分解的角度域地震波束形成方法

发布时间：2018-01-10 04:01

本文关键词：基于奇异值分解的角度域地震波束形成方法　出处：《石油物探》2017年05期 　论文类型：期刊论文

【摘要】：基于接收阵列的时域地震波束形成方法在处理低信噪比地震记录时,因叠加记录数量过大,导致有效波束宽度不能覆盖全部接收排列,波束宽度外的信号产生畸变。而且,当地震记录中相干噪声和随机噪声很强时,该方法压制噪声不均匀,降噪效果不佳。为此,针对相干噪声和随机噪声强、目标信号弱的地震记录,提出了一种基于奇异值分解的角度域地震波束形成方法。该方法根据地震记录中噪声与信号之间的相干性差异,利用角度域地震波束形成方法增强整个反射信号的能量和相干性,利用奇异值分解方法压制相干噪声和随机噪声,从降噪和增强有效信号的双重处理上,较大程度地提高地震记录的信噪比。仿真实验和实测信号分析结果表明,该方法不仅能增强有效信号,还能进一步压制记录中相干噪声和随机噪声,明显提高了地震记录的信噪比。
[Abstract]:The time-domain seismic beamforming method based on receiver array can not cover all the received array because the superposition of the number of records is too large when processing the seismic records with low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR). The signal outside the beam width produces distortion. Moreover, when the coherent noise and random noise in seismic records are very strong, the noise suppression is not uniform and the noise reduction effect is not good. For this reason, the coherent noise and random noise are strong. Based on singular value decomposition (SVD), an angle domain seismic beamforming method is proposed, which is based on the difference of coherence between noise and signal in seismic records. The angle domain seismic beamforming method is used to enhance the energy and coherence of the whole reflected signal, and the singular value decomposition (SVD) method is used to suppress the coherent noise and random noise. The signal to noise ratio (SNR) of seismic records is improved to a great extent. The results of simulation and signal analysis show that the proposed method can not only enhance the effective signal, but also suppress the coherent noise and random noise in the recording. The signal-to-noise ratio of seismic records is obviously improved.
【作者单位】：地球信息探测仪器教育部重点实验室(吉林大学);吉林大学仪器科学与电气工程学院;吉林大学地球科学学院;
【基金】：深部探测技术与实验研究专项SinoProbe09-06(201311197,201011083) 高等学校博士学科专项科研基金(20110061110053)联合资助~~
【分类号】：P631.4
【正文快照】： 采集时采用的主要激发方式之一。但这类人工震源普遍存在激发能量小,接收信号弱等问题,加之强噪声干扰和大地的吸收衰减作用,因而地震资料信噪比很低。为了提高此类地震资料的信噪比,BODINE[1]首先将地震波束形成方法应用于震源端,设计出用于形成和控制地震波束传播方向的系统

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