基于Kerr介质非线性的量子态的制备和分发

发布时间：2018-03-03 21:31

本文选题：量子测量　切入点：噪声信道　出处：《渤海大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自量子信息学开创以来,在人们不断努力探索的过程中,许许多多新的研究课题逐渐出现在各个领域。作为量子信息中两大重要资源之一的量子纠缠,它对于量子信息起着决定性的作用,成为当前量子信息领域的前沿课题之一。伴随着这些课题的出现,在诸多研究方面遭遇了许多困难,例如多粒子纠缠态制备,在噪声信道和损耗的信道中分发量子态等等。基于克尔介质的非线性,本文提出了一个三光子极化纠缠W态的制备方案。考虑联合噪声的影响,本文提出了一个多光子极化纠缠态的分发方案。本文共四章。第一章主要对量子信息学的产生过程以及现阶段的发展现状作出简单介绍。第二章给出了与研究内容相关的一些预备知识,如量子比特,单比特量子态变换,纠缠态的定义,非线性交叉克尔效应以及量子测量等等。第三章的主体内容是三光子极化纠缠W态的制备,这里分成了几部分来说明,分别是W态简介,三光子的空间纠缠进程,两光子的极化纠缠进程以及信道合并进程和保真度分析。第四章主要是研究在噪声信道中,克服联合噪声的影响,利用其它的自由度来进行多光子极化纠缠态的分发,并给出了这个方案的容错能力。最后给出了本文的总结。
[Abstract]:Since the creation of quantum informatics, many new research subjects have appeared in various fields in the process of continuous exploration. As one of the two important resources of quantum information, quantum entanglement, It plays a decisive role in quantum information and has become one of the frontier topics in the field of quantum information. With the emergence of these topics, it has encountered many difficulties in many aspects of research, such as the preparation of multi-particle entangled states. Quantum states are distributed in noise channels and lossy channels. Based on the nonlinearity of Kerr medium, a three-photon polarization entangled W state is proposed in this paper. In this paper, we propose a scheme for the distribution of multiphoton polarized entangled states. In this paper, there are four chapters. The first chapter is a brief introduction to the process of quantum informatics and the present development of quantum informatics. For some preparatory knowledge, For example, quantum bit, single-bit quantum state transformation, definition of entangled state, nonlinear cross-Kerr effect, quantum measurement and so on. The third chapter is about the preparation of three-photon polarization entangled W state, which is divided into several parts. It is a brief introduction of W states, a three-photon spatial entanglement process, a two-photon polarization entanglement process, a channel merging process and a fidelity analysis. Chapter 4th focuses on overcoming the influence of joint noise in noise channels. The other degrees of freedom are used to distribute the multi-photon polarization entangled states, and the fault-tolerant ability of the scheme is given. Finally, the conclusion of this paper is given.
【学位授予单位】：渤海大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O413

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