基于脑电信号的面孔表情信息加工机制研究

发布时间：2018-03-06 08:21

本文选题：面孔表情　切入点：事件相关电位(event-related　出处：《华侨大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：面孔表情是日常生活中一种重要的非语言交流方式,它蕴含着诸多情绪信息,在社会交往活动中扮演着至关重要的角色。本文使用事件相关电位(event-related potentials,ERPs)技术,分别对面孔表情信息的注意加工及前注意自动加工机制进行研究。研究内容主要分为三个部分:其一,选取同一个人的六种表情图片作为刺激材料,采用单张图片等概率随机呈现实验范式,对面孔表情的注意加工机制进行探讨。实验过程中要求受试注意力集中于表情图片并判断其表情类型。分析不同面孔表情所诱发的ERPs各成分的峰值和潜伏期,此外还观察了各ERPs成分的全脑激活情况,结果发现,不同面孔表情所诱发的ERPs早期成分无明显差异;图片刺激注视过程中大脑的主要激活区域为脑后部,而在N170时刻负责情绪调节的额叶也有显著的激活。其二,以视觉失匹配负波(visual mismatch negativity,VMMN)为指标,对面孔表情的前注意自动加工过程进行探讨。采用与表情相关的Oddball实验范式,选取卡通表情图片为刺激材料,要求受试注意视野中心的十字大小变化,并根据变化立即做出相应的按键判断,而忽略十字两边的卡通表情图片。对正性与负性表情诱发的VMMN进行测量分析,结果表明,大脑对面孔表情信息能进行自动加工,且对正性表情和负性表情的自动加工机制不同,表现为负性表情诱发的VMMN显著大于正性表情诱发的VMMN。其三,采用与第二部分(设为对照组)相同的实验方法,对社交焦虑障碍(social anxiety disorder,SAD)患者(治疗前后)的面孔表情前注意自动加工机制进行研究。分别对治疗前后数据的VMMN结果进行测量分析,并与对照组进行比较。结果显示,SAD患者正性与负性表情诱发的VMMN无明显差异;SAD患者负性表情诱发的VMMN波幅显著小于对照组,表现出SAD患者对负性表情的自动加工缺陷;经过为期12周的心理干预,SAD患者的病情虽有所缓解,但效果却不显著。综上分析,本文认为大脑对面孔表情的加工处理是非常快速且自动的。研究正常人及SAD患者面孔表情的自动加工并分析其差异,可为SAD的诊断和治疗提供参考依据,具有重要的临床意义。
[Abstract]:Facial expression is an important non-verbal communication method in daily life. It contains a lot of emotional information and plays an important role in social communication. The research includes three parts: firstly, six kinds of facial expression images of the same person are selected as stimulative materials. The experimental paradigm is presented randomly with the same probability as a single picture. The attention processing mechanism of facial expression was discussed. During the experiment, the subjects were asked to focus on the facial expression picture and judge the facial expression type. The peak value and latent period of ERPs components induced by different facial expressions were analyzed. The results showed that there was no significant difference in the early components of ERPs induced by different facial expressions, and the main activation area of the brain during image stimulation was the posterior part of the brain. The frontal lobe, which is responsible for emotion regulation at N170 time, was also activated significantly. Secondly, visual mismatch negativityVMMN (visual mismatch negative wave) was used as an index to explore the process of automatic preattention processing of facial expression. The Oddball experimental paradigm related to facial expression was used. Choosing the cartoon expression picture as the stimulus material, the subjects were asked to pay attention to the change of the cross size in the center of the field of vision, and to make the corresponding keystroke judgment immediately according to the change. The VMMN induced by positive and negative expressions was measured and analyzed. The results showed that the brain could process facial expression information automatically, and the mechanism of automatic processing of positive and negative expressions was different. The expression of VMMN induced by negative expression was significantly higher than that of VMMN induced by positive expression. Third, the same experimental method as the second part (set as the control group) was used. To study the automatic processing mechanism of facial expression before and after treatment in patients with social anxiety disorder (anxiety disordersbefore and after treatment). The results of VMMN were measured and analyzed before and after treatment. The results showed that there was no significant difference between positive and negative expression induced VMMN. The amplitude of VMMN induced by negative expression in SAD patients was significantly lower than that in control group, showing the defect of automatic processing of negative expression in SAD patients. After 12 weeks of psychological intervention, the patients with SAD were relieved, but the effect was not significant. This paper holds that the processing of facial expressions in the brain is very fast and automatic. It is of great clinical significance to study the automatic processing of facial expressions in normal persons and patients with SAD and to analyze the differences between them. It can provide a reference for the diagnosis and treatment of SAD.
【学位授予单位】：华侨大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R318;TN911.7

【相似文献】