堆积层滑坡设计的技术经济评价

发布时间：2018-03-26 05:50

本文选题：堆积层滑坡　切入点：技术经济评价　出处：《西安工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：进入21世纪以来,随着我国国力的增强以及土木领域技术的进步,开工建设了大量大型基础设施工程,这些工程对地表产生的破坏极为严重,因而造成滑坡类自然灾害呈逐年上涨的态势,所造成的破坏极为严重。这些滑坡灾害其中很大一部分为中小型堆积层滑坡,这一类滑坡产生的条件十分复杂,造成的破坏较大,进行支护时付出的代价高昂。到目前为止,对治理方案以及方案花费的研究尚不够完善,所以建立针对堆积层滑坡设计方案的综合评价体系非常有必要。虽然近年来技术经济评价研究进展较快,但仍不能适应目前日益复杂的工程需求。究其原因,有国家的行政监管体系以及法例法规的要求缺失以及工程界对其重视程度不够的因素,但更重要的是缺乏基础理论适用、易于理解、具有优秀的可操作性的综合评价模型。本文首先从堆积层滑坡本身的独有特性出发,以目的性原则,科学性原则,可行性原则,层次性原则,全面性与重点性相统一原则,相对独立性原则等评价指标原则为基础入手。从技术因素,经济因素,施工因素,自然环境四个方面出发,选取了桩间距、主要机械设备用量、施工工期等25个二级指标,建立一个两层次的技术经济评价体系。在确定评价指标权重及评价标准时,通过具体比较现有理论成熟的主观赋权法与客观赋权方法的优缺点,本文选择模糊层次分析法来评判各指标的权重。邀请相关行业的专家评判判断矩阵,从而计算各个层级指标的权重。在选择综合评价方法时,明确各个方法的优缺点,模糊综合评判法数学理论较为简单,可操作性良好,评判因素与层次较多的复杂问题时具有优良的效果,本文在遵循客观性原则,可操作性原则,有效性原则的基础上,选取模糊综合评判法对堆积层滑坡设计进行综合评价。先计算模糊综合评判向量,在属性识别环节把"最大隶属准则"与"置信度识别准则"结合使用,这样就能确定最终结论处于哪一个层级。在论文最后,对实际的堆积层滑坡设计方案进行综合评判,以检验模型所得的结果是否与心理预期相符合以及是否能与实际工程的验收报告相印证。
[Abstract]:Since the beginning of the 21st century, with the strengthening of China's national strength and the progress of civil engineering technology, a large number of large-scale infrastructure projects have been started, which have caused extremely serious damage to the surface of the earth. As a result, the natural disasters caused by landslides are increasing year by year and the damage caused by them is extremely serious. A large part of these landslide disasters are landslides with small and medium accumulative layers. The conditions of these landslides are very complex and the damage caused by these landslides is very large. The cost of supporting is high. So far, the research on governance and its cost is not perfect. Therefore, it is very necessary to establish a comprehensive evaluation system for the design scheme of accumulation landslide. Although the research on technical and economic evaluation has made rapid progress in recent years, it is still unable to adapt to the increasingly complex engineering needs at present. There are some factors that lack the requirements of the national administrative supervision system and laws and regulations, and that the engineering circles do not attach enough importance to them, but what is more important is the lack of basic theory application and easy to understand. This paper, based on the unique characteristics of the accumulation layer landslide itself, starts with the principles of purpose, science, feasibility, hierarchy, comprehensiveness and emphasis. Based on the relative independence principle, 25 secondary indexes, such as technical factor, economic factor, construction factor and natural environment, are selected, such as the distance between piles, the amount of main machinery and equipment, the construction period and so on. A two-level technical and economic evaluation system is established. When determining the weight of evaluation indexes and evaluation criteria, the advantages and disadvantages of subjective and objective weighting methods, which are mature in existing theories, are compared concretely. This paper chooses the fuzzy analytic hierarchy process to judge the weight of each index, invites experts from related industries to judge the judgment matrix, thus calculates the weight of each hierarchy index. When selecting the comprehensive evaluation method, the advantages and disadvantages of each method are determined. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method has the advantages of simple mathematical theory, good maneuverability, good evaluation factors and many levels of complex problems. This paper follows the principles of objectivity, maneuverability and effectiveness. The fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method is selected to evaluate the landslide design of the accumulation layer. Firstly, the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation vector is calculated, and the maximum membership criterion and the confidence recognition criterion are used in the attribute recognition link. At the end of the paper, a comprehensive evaluation of the actual landslide design scheme is made. The results obtained by the test model are consistent with the psychological expectations and can be verified by the acceptance report of the actual project.
【学位授予单位】：西安工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P642.22

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