电磁波在双轴各向异性介质中传播特性的研究

发布时间：2018-04-05 13:38

本文选题：电磁超材料　切入点：双轴各向异向介质　出处：《北京交通大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：由于电磁超材料能够定制出自然界中物质所没有的电磁特性,随着它逐渐从实验室走进人们的日常生活,电磁超材料的应用前景日益广阔。本文选择了电磁超材料的一般模型——双轴各向异性介质作为研究对象,较为全面的研究了电磁波在双轴各向异性介质中的基本传播特性以及特殊的物理现象;在此基础上设计了一种基于双轴各向异性介质的分波器。本文具体的工作是:首先,研究了电磁波在双轴各向异性介质中传播的基本特性。利用kDB系统分析方法得到麦克斯韦方程组在kDB坐标系中的表达形式后,对双轴各向异性介质的色散关系一般式作了推导,得到了双轴各向异性介质的两种特征波——TE波和TM波的色散关系和传播条件,为之后的研究奠定基础。其次,研究了电磁波在双轴各向异性介质表面的传播特性。针对双轴各向异性介质与各向同性介质的单一分界面,分别推导了 TE波和TM波在双轴各向异性介质中传播时的反射系数与透射系数;同时对TE波和TM波从各向同性介质入射到双轴各向异性介质表面时发生的全反射现象进行了研究;讨论了全反射现象发生的条件,并针对理论推导进行仿真验证。第三,在全反射现象的基础上,研究了电磁波在介质的分界面处发生全反射时产生的Goos-Hanchen效应与Imbert-Fedorov效应。推导了双轴各向异性介质与各向同性介质有单一分界面时的Goos-Hanchen侧向位移和Imbert-Fedorov横向位移的一般表达式;同时分析了两种位移随入射角、介质的手性、电磁波的旋向的变化趋势。第四,研究了电磁波在双轴各向异性介质表面的全透射现象。针对双轴各向异性介质与各向同性介质的单一分界面,分别讨论了 TE波和TM波发生全透射现象需要满足的条件,并针对理论推导进行了仿真验证。最后,研究了电磁波在双轴各向异性介质平板中的基本传播性质。针对双轴各向异性介质与各向同性介质的双分界面,依据麦克斯韦方程组与边界条件,推导了双轴各向异性介质与各向同性介质有双界面时的反射系数与透射系数;分别得到了双轴各向异性介质平板中TE波与TM波的导行条件;在此基础上,设计了一种基于双轴各向异性介质的分波器,这种分波器结构简单、参数取值范围宽泛,对入射角度和介质手性的要求也比较低,分波结果均得到仿真验证。
[Abstract]:Because electromagnetic metamaterials can customize the electromagnetic properties which are not found in nature, the application prospect of electromagnetic metamaterials is more and more extensive as it gradually enters into people's daily life from the laboratory.In this paper, the general model of electromagnetic supermaterial, biaxial anisotropic medium, is chosen as the research object, and the basic propagation characteristics and special physical phenomena of electromagnetic wave in biaxial anisotropic medium are studied comprehensively.On this basis, a wave divider based on biaxial anisotropic medium is designed.The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the basic characteristics of electromagnetic wave propagation in biaxial anisotropic medium are studied.After obtaining the expression of Maxwell's equations in kDB coordinate system by using kDB system analysis method, the general formula of dispersion relation of biaxial anisotropic medium is derived.The dispersion relations and propagation conditions of two characteristic waves in biaxial anisotropic medium, te wave and TM wave, are obtained.Secondly, the propagation characteristics of electromagnetic wave on the surface of biaxial anisotropic medium are studied.The reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of te wave and TM wave propagating in biaxial anisotropic medium are derived for the single interface between biaxial anisotropic medium and isotropic medium.At the same time, the total reflection of te wave and TM wave from isotropic medium to the surface of biaxial anisotropic medium is studied, and the conditions for the occurrence of total reflection phenomenon are discussed, and the theoretical derivation is verified by simulation.Thirdly, on the basis of the total reflection, the Goos-Hanchen effect and the Imbert-Fedorov effect are studied when the electromagnetic wave is reflected totally at the interface of the dielectric.The general expressions of Goos-Hanchen lateral displacement and Imbert-Fedorov lateral displacement for biaxial anisotropic medium and isotropic medium with a single interface are derived, and the variation trends of the two displacements with incident angle, chirality of medium and spin direction of electromagnetic wave are analyzed.Fourthly, the full transmission of electromagnetic waves on the surface of biaxial anisotropic media is studied.In view of the single interface between biaxial anisotropic medium and isotropic medium, the conditions for the full transmission of te wave and TM wave are discussed, and the simulation results of the theoretical derivation are given.Finally, the basic propagation properties of electromagnetic waves in biaxial anisotropic media are studied.According to Maxwell's equations and boundary conditions, the reflection coefficient and transmission coefficient of biaxial anisotropic medium and isotropic medium with double interfaces are derived.The guiding conditions of te wave and TM wave in a biaxial anisotropic medium plate are obtained respectively, and a wave divider based on biaxial anisotropic medium is designed, which has simple structure and wide range of parameters.The requirements of incident angle and chirality of dielectric are also relatively low, and the results of fractional wave are verified by simulation.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：O441.4

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