贵州水族遗传标记多态性调查及族源探究

发布时间：2018-04-19 04:22

本文选题：贵州水族 + 遗传标记　；参考：《贵州医科大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：目的:1.评估CSF1PO、D3S1358、D5S818等22个基因座在贵州水族人群中作为法医学遗传标记的效能。调查DYS390,DYS391,DYS392等23个Y-STR基因座和线粒体DNA在贵州水族群里中的多态性。2.探究贵州水族族源以及与其他16个民族群体之间的遗传差异。方法:1.采集贵州水族无关个体血样400份,采用Chelex-100法提取血样DNA;2.用PowerPlex?Fusion,PowerPlex?Y23扩增体系进行22个常染色体和23个Y染色体的STR复合扩增,扩增产物用ABI 3500遗传分析仪进行毛细管电泳分离,使用Gene mapper ID-X1.3软件进行基因分型;3.对mt DNA进行PCR扩增,序列测定,拼接以及多态性命名;4.使用Powermarker,WinArl3.5,MAGE4.0等软件,统计各群体遗传多态性数据并对群体间遗传结构进行分析。结果:1.完成检测303个样本的22个常染色体基因座,共检出227个等位基因,各等位基因频率分布在0.0036~0.5324之间,22个STR基因座的杂合度(H)在0.5927~0.8907之间,多态信息含量(PIC)在0.5314~0.8819之间,个体识别能力(DP)0.7605~0.9778之间,非父排除概率(PE)在0.2822~0.7765之间,匹配概率(PM)在0.0222~0.2395之间。累积匹配概率(CPM)为3.4968×10-26,累积亲权指数(CPI)为3.4234×108,累积非父排除概率(CPE)为0.99999967585。2.完成检测200样本的Y-STR,共观察到了173个Y-STR单倍型,其中有154个独有单倍型,19个共享单倍型,Y染色体的单倍型差异度(HD)为0.9993;完成检测80个样本的mtDNA,总共观察到了75个mtDNA单倍型,其中有70个独有单倍型,5个共享单倍型。mt DNA基因座的单倍型差异度(HD)为0.9984;3.常染色体方面,贵州水族与广西汉族,广西壮族,广西瑶族之间的等位基因频率没有统计学意义,与其他民族的等位基因频率之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Y染色体贵州水族与其他民族的等位基因频率之间差异有统计学意义(P0.05);4.常染色体STR的系统发生树显示16个民族主要分为两个主干,其中一个主干由云南壮族单独构成,另外一个主干由贵州水族与其余14个民族聚合构成。Y-STR的系统发生树显示11个民族主要分为两个主干,其中一个主干由广西瑶族单独构成,另外一个主干由贵州水族与其余9个民族聚合构成。结论:1.PowerPlex?Fusion,PowerPlex?Y23复合扩增体系均满足法医学检案的需要,可用于贵州水族群体个体识别和亲子鉴定;2.线粒体DNA在贵州水族人群中有一定多态性;3.对贵州水族的族源研究结果进一步支持了此前学者提出的“广东广西迁来说”,贵州水族与其他民族群体之间的遗传关系与其语系和语族,地理,历史资料基本吻合;4.研究结果将促进贵州水族的族源研究,同时丰富我国民族研究资料,为后续各民族群体族源的推断以及民族群体间遗传关系的研究提供信息。
[Abstract]:Purpose 1.To evaluate the efficacy of 22 loci of CSF1POP D3S1358 D5S818 as forensic genetic markers in Guizhou aquatic population.To investigate the polymorphism of 23 Y-STR loci and mitochondrial DNA of DYS390, DYS392 and DYS391in Guizhou aquatic population.To explore the genetic differences between the origin and other 16 ethnic groups of the Shui nationality in Guizhou.Method 1: 1.Four hundred blood samples from unrelated individuals in Guizhou were collected and DNA 2. 2 was extracted by Chelex-100 method.The STR of 22 autosomes and 23 Y chromosomes were amplified by PowerPlexus fusion Y23 amplification system. The products were separated by capillary electrophoresis with ABI 3500 genetic analyzer and genotyped by Gene mapper ID-X1.3 software.Mt DNA was amplified by PCR, sequenced, spliced and named by polymorphic nomenclature.Using Powermarker WinArl3.5 and MAGE4.0, the genetic polymorphism data of each population were collected and the genetic structure among populations was analyzed.The result is 1: 1.22 autosomal loci of 303 samples were detected and 227 alleles were detected. The frequency of alleles was between 0.0036 and 0.5324. The heterozygosity of 22 STR loci was between 0.5927 and 0.8907, and the polymorphic information content (STR) was between 0.5314 and 0.8819.The ability of individual recognition is between 0.7605 and 0.9778, the probability of non-paternal exclusion is between 0.2822 and 0.7765, and the matching probability is between 0.0222 and 0.2395.The cumulative matching probability was 3.4968 脳 10 ~ (-26), the cumulative parental power index was 3.4234 脳 10 ~ (8), and the cumulative non-paternal exclusion probability was 0.9999 996 7585.2.A total of 173 Y-STR haplotypes were observed, of which 154 were unique haplotypes, and 19 shared haplotypes were 0.9993, and 75 mtDNA haplotypes were observed in 80 samples.Among them, 70 haplotypes and 5 haplotypes. Mt DNA loci haplotype difference (HDD) was 0.9984 T3.In terms of autosomal alleles, there was no significant difference in allelic frequencies between Guizhou Shui nationality and Guangxi Han nationality, Guangxi Zhuang nationality and Guangxi Yao nationality.There was significant difference in allelic frequency between Guizhou and other nationalities. There was significant difference in allele frequency between Guizhou Shui nationality and other nationalities.The phylogenetic tree of autosomal STR showed that the 16 nationalities were mainly divided into two main trunks, one of which was composed of Yunnan Zhuang nationality alone.The phylogenetic tree of the other trunk, composed of Guizhou Water and the other 14 ethnic groups, shows that the 11 ethnic groups are mainly divided into two main trunks, one of which is composed of the Guangxi Yao nationality alone.The other trunk is composed of Guizhou Water nationality and the other 9 nationalities.Conclusion: 1. The multiplex amplification system of PowerPlexus fusion Y23 can meet the needs of forensic medical examination, and can be used for individual identification and paternity test of aquatic population in Guizhou Province.Mitochondrial DNA is polymorphic in Guizhou aquatic population.The results of the study on the origin of Guizhou Shui nationality further support the previous scholars'"Guangdong and Guangxi migration". The genetic relationship between the water race and other ethnic groups in Guizhou is basically consistent with its language family and language family, geography and historical data.The results of the study will promote the study of the ethnic origin of the Shui nationality in Guizhou and enrich the data of the ethnic study in China, which will provide information for the further study of the ethnic origin of the various ethnic groups and the genetic relationship among the ethnic groups.
【学位授予单位】：贵州医科大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：R394

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