芦苇不同发育阶段对昆虫取食压力变化响应的代谢组学分析

发布时间：2018-05-05 03:05

本文选题：芦苇 + 发育阶段　；参考：《华东师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：植物对昆虫取食的防御响应,使植物能够更灵活地实现防御-生长繁殖的能量分配和权衡。植物代谢物组成和水平变化在植物-昆虫相互作用中扮演重要角色,利用代谢组学方法研究植物代谢物对昆虫取食的响应,以揭示植物对昆虫的防御响应策略及影响因素是当前研究的重点方向。基于气相色谱质谱联用(GC/MS)技术,本论文对湿地重要植物芦苇Phragmitesaustralis(Cav.)Trin.ex Steud的代谢组学分析方法进行探讨,研究了芦苇对其上重要的植食性昆虫芦毒蛾Laelia coenosa(Hiibner)和大狭长蝽Dimorphopteruspallipes(Distant)取食和取食压力变化的代谢响应,以及不同发育阶段的响应差异。研究结果如下:1.不同干燥方法对芦苇代谢组学分析的影响基于气相色谱-质谱联用(GC/MS)技术,以超低温冷藏为对照,分析了真空冷冻干燥、45 ℃烘干和硅胶干燥处理对芦苇叶、茎和根组织样品代谢组学分析结果的影响。结果表明真空冷冻干燥对样品的影响最小,只对叶样品中的一些代谢物产生显著影响,但不会对根茎样品中代谢物组成产生显著影响。而45 ℃烘干和硅胶干燥对芦苇不同组织样品代谢物组成影响均较大。因此真空冷冻干燥是更适合芦苇代谢组学研究样品的干燥处理方法。2.芦苇对不同昆虫取食压力变化的代谢响应通过取食实验,研究了芦毒蛾和大狭长蝽不同取食压力对芦苇叶、茎、根代谢组的影响及交互作用。结果表明芦苇代谢组对两种昆虫取食压力变化的响应具有组织特异性,芦苇叶代谢组的响应较茎和根代谢组的响应更为敏感。此外,两种昆虫共同取食处理的芦苇组织与两种昆虫单独取食处理的芦苇组织具有不同的代谢组结构,但仅在高取食压力下差异明显。进一步的代谢物含量变化分析表明,两种昆虫取食对芦苇组织中的糖类、氨基酸、脂类和有机酸等多种代谢物产生了显著影响。一些代谢物对昆虫取食的响应与所处的植物组织有关,也具有一定的昆虫物种特异性。两种昆虫取食对一些代谢物的影响可表现出拮抗、协同的相互作用,并且与取食压力相关,在高取食压力下交互作用显著,而在低取食压力下交互作用不显著。这与代谢组响应的分析结果较为一致。不同取食压力下,芦苇代谢物在不同组织的合成和运输分配的改变,可能是导致上述现象的重要原因。3.芦苇不同发育阶段对昆虫取食的响应策略通过取食实验,研究了幼年期和成熟期芦苇的叶、茎和根组织对芦毒蛾和大狭长蝽高、低取食压力处理的代谢响应。结果发现,相比幼年期,成熟期芦苇叶和茎对昆虫取食的代谢响应明显减弱,但根的响应略有提高。在受到两种昆虫取食后,幼年期芦苇更偏好提高叶组织的糖类和氨基酸含量,而成熟期芦苇则会提高根茎中糖类含量。该结果表明不同发育阶段芦苇对昆虫取食具有不同的响应策略。研究还发现,不同发育阶段芦苇的代谢物对昆虫取食压力变化的响应存在相反和不同的趋势。这进一步证实了,昆虫取食对芦苇不同发育阶段不同组织代谢物的转运、分配和合成具有重要影响。4.取食诱导的芦苇代谢响应对昆虫发育的影响研究了芦毒蛾和大狭长蝽取食诱导的芦苇代谢响应对随后取食幼虫发育的影响。结果显示,经芦毒蛾和大狭长蝽取食过后的芦苇饲喂幼虫,对这两种昆虫幼虫和若虫的发育可能具有不同的影响,但未达显著性水平。芦毒蛾取食诱导的芦苇响应,对其幼虫体重增加和生长速率具有不利影响,而大狭长蝽取食诱导的芦苇响应,对其若虫体重的增加甚至有积极的影响。这表明昆虫取食诱导的芦苇代谢响应,对芦苇-昆虫相互作用的影响可能较为复杂,应做进一步研究。综上所述,论文研究结果揭示了不同发育阶段芦苇对不同昆虫取食和取食压力变化的代谢响应,可为昆虫取食诱导的植物防御研究提供重要的参考,同时也为植物代谢组学在植物-昆虫相互作用研究中的运用起到促进作用。
[Abstract]:The defense response of plants to the feeding of insects so that plants can more flexibly realize the energy distribution and balance of growth and reproduction. Plant metabolites and level changes play an important role in plant insect interactions, and study the response of plant metabolites to the feeding of the insect by metabonomics to reveal plants to insects. The defense response strategy and the influencing factors are the key points of the current research. Based on the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/MS) technology, this paper deals with the metabolic analysis method of reed Phragmitesaustralis (Cav.) Trin.ex Steud, the important plant of wetland, and studies the important phytophagous insect of reed, Laelia coenosa (Hiibn). Er) and the metabolic responses of the Dimorphopteruspallipes (Distant) feeding and feeding pressure changes, as well as the response differences at different developmental stages. The results are as follows: 1. the effects of different drying methods on the analysis of reed metabolomics are based on the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC/ MS) technology, and the cryogenic cold storage is used as the control, and the vacuum cooling is analyzed. The effects of freeze-drying, drying at 45 degrees centigrade and silica gel drying on the results of metabolomics analysis of reed leaves, stem and root tissue samples. The results showed that the effect of vacuum freeze drying on the samples was minimal, only a significant effect on some metabolites in the leaf samples, but no significant influence on the metabolite composition in the rhizomes was not significantly affected. 45 degrees centigrade was dried. And the effect of silica gel drying on the metabolite composition of different tissue samples of reed is great. Therefore, vacuum freeze drying is more suitable for the drying treatment of reed metabolomics research samples. The metabolic response of.2. reed to different insect feeding pressure changes through feeding experiments, the different feeding pressure of reed moth and giant stink bug on reed leaf was studied. The results showed that the response of reed metabolism group to the change of feeding pressure of two insects was tissue specific, and the response of reed leaf metabolism group was more sensitive than that of stem and root metabolism group. In addition, reed tissues and two species of reeds treated by two insects were fed together by two species of insects. The tissues have different metabolic structure, but only under high feeding pressure. Further analysis of metabolite content shows that two kinds of insect feeding have significant influence on the metabolites of sugar, amino acids, lipids and organic acids in reed tissues. The effect of two insect feeding on some metabolites can show antagonism and synergistic interaction, which is related to the feeding pressure, and interact significantly under the high feeding pressure, but the interaction is not significant under the low feeding pressure. This is in accordance with the analysis results of metabolic response. The changes in the synthesis and transport distribution of reed metabolites in different tissues under different feeding pressures may be an important cause of the above phenomenon. The response strategy for the feeding of insects at different developmental stages of.3. reeds was studied by feeding experiments. The leaves, stems and root tissues of young and mature reeds were high and low in reed leaves, stems and roots. It was found that the metabolic response of the leaves and stems of the reed leaves and stems decreased significantly in the mature period, but the response of the roots increased slightly. After feeding on two insects, the young reed preferred to increase the sugar and amino acid content in the leaf tissues, while the mature reed would increase the sugars in the rhizomes. The results showed that reed had different response strategies for feeding on insects at different developmental stages. It was also found that the response of the metabolites of reed at different developmental stages to the change of insect feeding pressure was opposite and different. The effects of distribution and synthesis on the metabolic response of reed reed induced by.4. feeding on the development of the insect were studied. The effects of reed reed metabolism response on reed larvae development were studied. The results showed that reed larvae fed by reed moth and giant stink bug fed on the larvae of the two species. The development of the nymphs may have different effects, but not significant. The response of reed reed in the reed reed moth has an adverse effect on the weight increase and growth rate of the larvae, while the response of the reed reed induced by the giant stink bug on the increase of the weight of the nymphs is even influenced by the reed response. This indicates that the insect is feeding the reed reed generation. In response, the effect of reed insect interaction may be more complicated. Further research should be done. In summary, the results of this study reveal that the metabolic response of reed to different insect feeding and feeding pressure changes at different developmental stages can provide important reference for the study of plant prevention and control of insect feeding, and also for plant generation. Xie organization plays an important role in plant insect interactions.

【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q948.122

【参考文献】