翼型量水槽水力特性数值模拟及体型类比研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 00:27

本文选题：翼型量水槽 + 经典体型　；参考：《郑州大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国农田灌溉的主要形式是渠道输水,而我国部分灌区没有相应的量水设施,又或者是有量水设施,由于测量误差较大而不能正常使用。在我国,人们节水意识不强,具有比较严重的水资源浪费现象。而槽类量水设施由于经济实惠与可靠稳定等优点,更适合在灌区大面积使用。目前量水槽不仅可以在渠道用来量水,还可以对雨水、污水流量进行测定,给污水处理厂提供一定的参考依据。具有流线形的翼型量水槽水头损失小、过水顺畅、结构简单、测流精度高,适应我国灌区环境而且满足量水精度要求,可对其进行全面和深入的研究。本文对量水槽的结构形式、测流机理进行分析研究,并对经典翼型量水槽与优化翼型量水槽的水力特性分别进行数值模拟,然后进行类比分析,得到如下结论:(1)对矩形渠道翼型量水槽建立三维模型,在70种工况下进行仿真计算,并验证了所建模型、参数选择以及fluent计算可靠性较高。(2)在不影响测流精度的情况下,经过研究发现,收缩比选取在0.50~0.60之间是比较合理的。(3)两种体型类比结果:优化体型速度最大值比经典体型离喉口更近;优化体型上游水面线比经典体型较低,下游比经典体型较高,说明优化体型淹没度大于经典体型,优化体型具有更大的自由出流范围;优化体型比经典体型佛汝德数最大值点较靠后;优化体型水头损失普遍小于经典体型;优化体型测流精度比经典体型略高,与其他结论一致。
[Abstract]:The main form of farmland irrigation in our country is canal water conveyance, but some irrigation areas in our country do not have the corresponding water measuring facilities, or there are some water measuring facilities, which can not be used normally because of the large measurement error. In our country, people's water-saving consciousness is not strong, has serious water resources waste phenomenon. Because of the advantages of economic benefit and reliable stability, the aqueduct water measuring facility is more suitable for large area use in irrigation area. At present, the measuring flume can not only be used to measure water in the canal, but also to measure Rain Water and sewage flow, which can provide certain reference basis for sewage treatment plant. The airfoil measuring flume with streamline shape has small head loss, smooth water flow, simple structure, high flow measurement precision, and can be fully and thoroughly studied because of its adaptability to the environment of irrigation area in our country and to meet the requirement of water measurement precision. In this paper, the structure form and flow measurement mechanism of the flume are analyzed, and the hydraulic characteristics of the classical airfoil measuring flume and the optimized airfoil measuring flume are numerically simulated, and then the analogy analysis is carried out. The conclusions are as follows: (1) the 3-D model of the rectangular channel airfoil measuring flume is established and simulated under 70 conditions, and it is verified that the model, the parameter selection and the reliability of fluent calculation are relatively high, and the accuracy of the flow measurement is not affected. It is found that the contraction ratio between 0.50 and 0.60 is a reasonable analogies between the two types: the maximum velocity of the optimized body is closer to the throat than the classical one, and the surface line of the upstream of the optimized body is lower than that of the classical body. The lower body shape is higher than the classical one, which indicates that the optimal body type is larger than the classical body shape, and the optimized body shape has a larger free discharge range, and the optimized body shape is lower than the classical body shape, and the maximum value of Froude number is lower than that of the classical body shape. The water head loss of the optimized body is generally smaller than that of the classical body, and the accuracy of the flow measurement of the optimized body is slightly higher than that of the classical body, which is consistent with other conclusions.
【学位授予单位】：郑州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TV135

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