稳定同位素技术在荒漠区啮齿动物食性研究中的应用

发布时间：2018-06-19 22:07

本文选题：稳定性同位素 + 啮齿动物　；参考：《内蒙古农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,稳定同位素技术在动物生态学研究中的应用得到迅速发展,特别是在动物食物来源的确定中应用日益普遍。与传统方法相比,稳定同位素技术在研究动物生态学时具有可以反映长期作用的结果、可以研究复杂的生态关系、可以真实的说明问题。本研究总体思路为:通过室内控制测得阿拉善荒漠区4种主要鼠种,三趾跳鼠(Dipus sagitta)、五趾跳鼠(Allactaga sibirica)、子午沙鼠(Meriones meridianus)、小毛足鼠(Phodopus roborovskii)的3种组织-体毛、肝脏、肌肉的δ 13C和δ 15N的分馏系数,根据δ 13C值对阿拉善荒漠区植物进行光合型分类,利用IsoSource模型对主要啮齿动物不同季节的潜在食物源进行分析,通过对2015年和2016年在研究区所采集的动植物标本进行分析,得出如下结论:1.研究区常见植物种隶属于15科、38属共46种植物;根据测试植物叶片的δ13C值,鉴别出有35种C3植物,11种C4植物。2.三趾跳鼠春季主要食物来源贡献率:猪毛菜(Salsola collina)33.4%、无芒隐子草(Cleistogenes songorica)13.8%、蒙古虫实(Corispermum mongolicum)13.3%;夏季主要食物来源贡献率:雾冰藜(Bassia dasyphylla)31.5%、短脚锦鸡儿(Caragana brachypoda)25.1%、骆驼蓬(Peganum harmala)19.8%;秋季主要食物来源所占贡献比例:雾冰藜25.4%、短脚锦鸡儿15.5%、梭梭(Haloxylon ammodendron)14.8%。3.五趾跳鼠春季主要食物来源贡献率:猪毛菜43.2%、雾冰藜21.0%、蒙古虫实20.9%;夏季主要食物来源贡献率:骆驼蓬23.2%、蒺藜(Tribulusterrestris)20.6%、雾冰藜16.2%;秋季主要食物来源贡献率:无芒隐子草27.2%、蒙古虫实24.7%、蛛丝蓬(Micropeplis arachnoidea)18.2%。4.子午沙鼠春季主要食物来源贡献率:雾冰藜17.2%、蒙古虫实17.0%、猪毛菜15.1%;夏季主要食物来源贡献率:雾冰藜28.5%、驼绒藜(Ceratoides intramongolica)21.4%、蛛丝蓬16.4%;秋季主要食物来源贡献率:蛛丝蓬43.0%、猪毛菜 13.3%、霸王(Sarcozygium xanthoxylon)10.7%。5.小毛足鼠秋季主要食物来源贡献率:霸王35.8%、骆驼蓬17.7%、蛛丝蓬13.6%。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the application of stable isotope technique in animal ecology has been developed rapidly, especially in the determination of animal food sources. Compared with the traditional methods, the stable isotope technique can reflect the long-term effects of animal ecology, study complex ecological relationships and explain the problem. The general idea of this study is as follows: through indoor control, three kinds of tissues of four main species of rat, Dipus sagittaa, Allactaga sibiricaer, Meriones meridianusus, Phodopus roborovskiii, have been measured in Alxa desert region, and the liver, body hair, liver and body hair of four main species, Dipus sagittaa, Allactaga sibiricaer, Meriones meridianusus, Phodopa roborovskiii. The fractionation coefficients of 未 13C and 未 15N of muscle were used to classify the photosynthetic types of plants in Alashan desert area according to 未 13C value, and the potential food sources of main rodents in different seasons were analyzed by IsoSource model. By analyzing animal and plant specimens collected in the study area in 2015 and 2016, the following conclusion was drawn: 1. The common plant species in the study area belong to 46 species belonging to 38 genera of 15 families. According to the 未 13C values of the tested plant leaves, 35 species of C3 plants, 11 species of C4 plants, and 2 species of C4 plants were identified. Contribution rate of main food sources in spring: Salsola collina33.4, Cleistogenes songorica 13.8and Corispermum mongolicum 13.3; main food sources in summer: Bassia dasyphyllae 31.5, Caragana brachypoda 25.1; Peganum harma 19.8; main food sources in autumn: Bassia dasyphyllae 31.5; Caragana brachypoda25.1; Peganum harma 19.8; main food sources in summer: Bassia dasyphyllae 31.5, Caragana brachypoda 25.1, Peganum harma 19.8; main food sources in summer: Bassia dasyphyllaa 31.5. The contribution of the source is: Atriplex morifolia 25.4cm, Caragana brevis 15.5am, Haloxylon ammodendronus 14.8.3. The contribution rate of main food sources in spring was 43.2%, 21.0% and 20.9% respectively; in summer, the main food sources were 23.2cm, Tribulus terrestris 20.6g, 16.2cm; in autumn, 27.22.The main food sources contribution rate was 27.2%, and the main food sources contribution rate in autumn was 27.2%, and the main food sources contribution rate in summer was 23.2cm, the main food sources contribution rate was 23.2cm, Tribulus terrestris 20.6G, 16.2cm in autumn, and the contribution rate of main food sources in autumn was 27.2%. The seed is 24.7cm, Micropeplis arachnoidea18.2k.4. The contribution rate of main food sources of Meridian gerbils in spring was 17.2cm, 17.0kum, 15.1cm; in summer, 28.5cm, Ceratoides intramongolica21.4and 16.4; in autumn, 43.0. Sarcozygium xanthoxylonum 10.7. The contribution rate of the main food sources in autumn was 35. 8%, 17. 7% and 13. 66% respectively.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q958

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