塔克拉玛干沙漠人工绿地与自然沙面辐射平衡日变化对比研究

发布时间：2018-06-21 04:55

本文选题：塔克拉玛干沙漠 + 人工绿地　；参考：《新疆师范大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文利用塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地塔中大气环境观测试验站2014年5月至2014年9月地表辐射观测资料和2013年5月至6月的三维风速、温度和水汽脉动资料,运用涡旋相关计算法得出了塔中人工绿地与自然沙面感热通量、潜热通量,分析了塔中人工绿地与自然沙面以及典型天气条件下辐射分量的特征差异,得出以下主要结论:(1)塔中人工绿地与自然沙面辐射平衡各分量在夜间出现最小值,各分量最大值出现的时间不一致,最大值一般出现在地方时正午前后,总辐射和反射辐射在12:00出现最大值,长波辐射日峰值出现时间比短波辐射滞后1~3h,大气长波辐射日变化振幅较小,地面长波辐射日变化为不对称分布。(2)晴天,人工绿地与自然沙面总辐射以及净辐射变化较小,自然沙面总辐射高于人工绿地;阴天,净辐射有明显的减弱趋势,人工绿地大气长波辐射有所增加,地面长波辐射、总辐射和净辐射减小,其中总辐射和净辐射相比较,由于受总辐射的影响,净辐射减弱程度小于总辐射;在沙尘暴天气条件下,辐射各分量受沙尘影响,变化幅度与晴天和阴天相比较,变化幅度较大,日变化不规则,人工绿地和自然沙面总辐射减弱。(3)不同高度辐射各分量变化有明显的差别,总辐射总体呈现出单峰对称趋势,晴天总辐射最大,沙尘暴天气下80m总辐射高于1.5m总辐射,反射辐射与总辐射变化趋势相似,大气长波辐射变化趋势不稳定,日出之前出现最小值,日出之后缓慢增加,在中午前后达到最大,之后减小,地面长波辐射变化较大,不同天气条件下1.5m地面长波辐射大于80m地面长波辐射,净辐射在晴天时值最大,总体80m净辐射大于1.5m净辐射。(4)感热输送是塔中人工绿地与自然沙面地表热量输送的主要方式,人工绿地变化范围160-220W·m-2,自然沙面变化范围170-270W·m-2,自然沙面感热通量高于人工绿地,并且变化幅度较大,感热通量6时之前为负值,之后出现正值,19时左右变为负值,即它的符号改变出现在日出、日落前后。(5)人工绿地与自然沙面潜热通量相比,人工绿地潜热通量高于自然沙面,自然沙面变化范围10-80W·m-2,人工绿地变化范围30-80W·m-2,并且自然沙面潜热通量的变化幅度较大。
[Abstract]:In this paper, the observational data of surface radiation from May 2014 to September 2014 and three dimensional wind speed, temperature and water vapor pulsation data from May 2014 to September 2014 in Tazhong Experimental Station in the hinterland of Taklamakan Desert are used. The sensible heat flux and latent heat flux of artificial green space and natural sand surface in tower are obtained by using vortex correlation method. The characteristic differences of radiation components between artificial green space and natural sand surface in tower and typical weather conditions are analyzed. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) in the tower, the minimum value of each component of the radiation balance between artificial green space and natural sand surface appears at night, and the time when the maximum value of each component appears is not the same, and the maximum value generally appears around noon of local time. The maximum of total radiation and reflection radiation appeared at 12:00, the time of daily peak of long-wave radiation was 1 ~ 3 h behind that of short-wave radiation, the amplitude of diurnal variation of atmospheric long-wave radiation was smaller, and the diurnal variation of surface long-wave radiation was asymmetric distribution. The total radiation and net radiation of artificial green space and natural sand surface are small, the total radiation of natural sand surface is higher than that of artificial green land, the net radiation of artificial green space has obvious weakening trend, the atmospheric long wave radiation of artificial green space has increased, and the surface long wave radiation has been increased. Total radiation and net radiation decrease, in which total radiation and net radiation decrease less than total radiation because of the effect of total radiation; in sandstorm weather, each component of radiation is affected by sand dust, Compared with sunny and overcast days, the variation range is larger, the diurnal variation is irregular, the total radiation of artificial green space and natural sand surface is weakened. The total radiation of 80 m is higher than 1.5 m in the weather of sandstorm, the change trend of reflection radiation is similar to that of total radiation, the change trend of atmospheric long wave radiation is unstable, the minimum value appears before sunrise, and it increases slowly after sunrise. The radiation of long wave of 1.5 m is larger than that of 80 m in different weather conditions, and the net radiation is the largest in sunny days. The total net radiation of 80 m is greater than 1.5 m net radiation. The sensible heat transfer is the main way of heat transfer between artificial green space and natural sand surface. The range of change of artificial green space is 160-220W m-2, and the range of natural sand surface is 170-270W m-2. The sensible heat flux of natural sand surface is higher than that of artificial green land. The sensible heat flux is negative before 6, then positive, and becomes negative around 19:00, that is, its symbol changes before sunrise, before sunset, before and after sunset) the latent heat flux of artificial green land is compared with that of natural sand surface. The latent heat flux of artificial green land is higher than that of natural sand surface. The range of change of natural sand surface is 10-80W m ~ (-2) and that of artificial green land is 30-80W m ~ (-2), and the change range of natural sand surface latent heat flux is larger.
【学位授予单位】：新疆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：P422.4

【参考文献】