锡林郭勒草原伏沙地生态环境脆弱性评价

发布时间：2018-06-22 22:00

本文选题：伏沙地 + 遥感解译　；参考：《内蒙古大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：本文结合锡林郭勒草原伏沙地的分布特点,在室内遥感解译和野外验证的基础上划定伏沙地潜在分布区,在该区内选取27个点位进行植物群落调查和土壤剖面采样并将分析结果参与伏沙地生态环境脆弱性评价。根据SRP概念模型的内容,结合草原伏沙地的特点,选取土壤侵蚀强度、归一化植被指数、群落退化程度等14个指标,利用层析分析与空间主成分分析相结合的方法对各指标赋予权重计算伏沙地生态环境脆弱性指数。根据指数的不同范围,采用自然断点法将伏沙地潜在分布区的生态环境划分为:轻微脆弱、轻度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱与极度脆弱五类。论文主要研究结论如下:(1)室内遥感解译,初步确定伏沙地范围,并在野外核查的过程中验证解译正确性。在此基础上划定伏沙地潜在分布范围并建立草原伏沙地遥感解译标志。锡林郭勒草原伏沙地主要分布于阿巴嘎旗部分地区、锡林浩特大部、西乌旗北部和东乌旗中南部地区。(2)根据研究区生态环境脆弱性指数(EEVI)的取值范围将研究区划分为轻微脆弱、轻度脆弱、中度脆弱、重度脆弱和极度脆弱5类,它们占研究区面积的比例分别为:10.72%、27.56%、32.91%、24.36%和 4.45%。(3)轻微脆弱和轻度脆弱区主要分布于研究区东南,该区水网密集,植被类型为温性草甸草原,生态系统稳定性和恢复力较高;极度脆弱区主要分布于阿巴嘎旗部分地区和乌拉盖水库盐碱化地区,另外零星分布于大型工矿企业区,前者由于自身所处地形、气象和植物群落退化等自然因素导致生态环境脆弱程度较高,后者由于人类活动的过度干预与破坏导致脆弱程度较高。
[Abstract]:Combined with the distribution characteristics of the underlying sandy land in Xilinguole grassland, the potential distribution area of the underlying sandy land is delineated on the basis of indoor remote sensing interpretation and field verification. In this area, 27 sites were selected for plant community investigation and soil profile sampling, and the results were used to evaluate the ecological environment vulnerability of the sandy land. According to the content of SRP conceptual model and the characteristics of grassland sandy land, 14 indexes, such as soil erosion intensity, normalized vegetation index and community degradation degree, were selected. The method of combining chromatography analysis with spatial principal component analysis was used to give weight to each index to calculate the vulnerability index of ecological environment in sandy land. According to the different ranges of the index, the ecological environment of potential distribution areas in sand fields is divided into five categories by using natural breakpoint method: mild fragility, mild vulnerability, moderate vulnerability, severe vulnerability and extreme vulnerability. The main conclusions are as follows: (1) the interpretation of indoor remote sensing is used to preliminarily determine the range of sand fields, and the interpretation is verified by field verification. On the basis of this, the potential distribution area of the underlying sandy land is determined and the remote sensing interpretation mark of the grassland sandy land is established. The underlying sandy land of Xilinguole steppe is mainly distributed in parts of Abagah Banner, most of Xilinhaote, the northern part of Xiwu Banner and the central and southern part of Dongwu Banner. (2) according to the value range of EEVI in the study area, the study area is divided into slightly fragile areas. There are 5 types of mild fragility, moderate vulnerability, severe vulnerability and extreme vulnerability. The proportion of them to the area of the study area is: 10.722 27.56, 32.91% and 4.45% respectively. (3) the slightly vulnerable and mildly fragile areas are mainly distributed in the southeast of the study area, where the water network is dense. The vegetation type is temperate meadow steppe with high ecosystem stability and resilience. The extremely fragile areas are mainly distributed in parts of Abagah Banner and the salinization area of Wulagei reservoir, and scattered in large industrial and mining enterprise areas. The former has a high degree of vulnerability due to its own topography, natural factors such as meteorology and plant community degradation, while the latter is more vulnerable because of excessive intervention and destruction of human activities.
【学位授予单位】：内蒙古大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q948

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