重庆市璧山区四座水库浮游植物群落结构与环境因子相关性的研究

发布时间：2018-08-17 12:03

【摘要】：璧山区的人均水资源量为559立方米,仅为全国的四分之一。水库作为重要的水资源储备工程,现在已成为了璧山区最重要的供水来源。但从已掌握的数据来看璧山区各个水库都受到不同程度的污染,对水库进行水质监测与治理刻不容缓。本文选择的四座水库都是璧山区具有代表性的重要水库,且囊括了多种类型的水库,对这四座不同类型的水库进行浮游植物群落结构特征与环境因子的研究能较全面的展示璧山水库的健康状况。结果表明:1.本次研究在四座水库中共发现浮游植物8门386种(含变种),其中绿藻门182种,硅藻门100种,蓝藻门57种,裸藻门20种,甲藻门12种,金藻门7种,隐藻门6种,黄藻门2种。四座水库中仅在同心水库发现过全部8个门类的浮游植物,双鱼水库全年未发现金藻,柯家桥水库和盐井河水库全年均未发现黄藻。2.四座水库全年的优势种均主要为蓝藻,其中伪鱼腥藻、微囊藻和颤藻等为四个水库全年均常见的优势种。此外布朗葡萄藻在8月为盐井河水库中优势度较高的种类,水华束丝藻在3月为盐井河水库中优势度较高的种类,小环藻在3月为柯家桥水库中优势度较高的种类,小球藻在3月为同心水库中优势度较高的种类。3.进行水产养殖的双鱼水库是四座水库中富营养化程度最高的一座水库。在8月双鱼水库达到了重度富营养的水平,其余月份也处于中度富营养水平。柯家桥水库全年富营养程度较为均衡,皆为中度富营养化。作为饮用水源地的同心水库与盐井河水库富营养程度相对较低,同心水库在8月和3月达到中度富营养水平,12月与6月为轻度富营养水平。盐井河水库在8月和12月基本处于中营养水平,在雨水较多的3月和6月由于水体垂直运动使水库底部的底泥与营养盐溶于水体中,因此达到了轻度富营养水平。4.通过对四座水库进行相关性分析及RDA分析,结果显示富营养化较高的双鱼水库与柯家桥水库中浮游植物的生长繁殖不受N、P含量的限制。盐井河水库很可能为P限制型水库,而同心水库的浮游植物则受到多种环境因子共同影响。5.四座水库均不同程度的受到蓝藻水华的影响,由于两座中型水库承担着城乡供水的功能,对其持续的监控,防止蓝藻水华爆发释放毒素污染水体对居民的生活和生产安全造成影响是十分必要的。
[Abstract]:The per capita water resources in Bishan are only 1/4 cubic meters, or 1/4 cubic meters. As an important water resource reserve project, reservoir has become the most important source of water supply in Bishan area. However, according to the available data, every reservoir in Bishan area is polluted to varying degrees, so it is urgent to monitor and control the water quality of the reservoir. The four reservoirs selected in this paper are all representative and important reservoirs in Bishan area, and include various types of reservoirs. The study of phytoplankton community structure and environmental factors of these four different types of reservoirs can fully demonstrate the health status of Bishan reservoir. The result shows that 1: 1. A total of 386 species of phytoplankton have been found in four reservoirs, including 182 species of Chlorophyta, 100 species of Diatom, 57 species of Cyanophyta, 20 species of Phaeophyta, 12 species of Prorophyta, 7 species of Chlorophyta, 6 species of Cryptophyta and 2 species of phylophyta. Only 8 species of phytoplankton have been found in the four reservoirs in Tongxin Reservoir, but no cash algae have been found in Pisces Reservoir, and no alga 2.2in Kejiaqiao Reservoir and Yanjing River Reservoir. The dominant species of the four reservoirs in the whole year are cyanobacteria, among which Anabaena pseudocephala, microcystis and shiver algae are the dominant species in the whole year. In addition, the species with higher dominance in Yanjinghe reservoir in August, Shui Hua in March and Kojiaqiao reservoir had higher dominance in March. Chlorella microphylla was the most dominant species in concentric reservoir in March. The Pisces Reservoir for aquaculture is one of the four reservoirs with the highest level of eutrophication. The Pisces Reservoir reached severe eutrophication level in August and moderate eutrophication level in the rest of the month. The annual eutrophication degree of Kejiaqiao Reservoir is balanced, which is moderate eutrophication. The level of eutrophication in Tongxin reservoir and Yanjinghe reservoir, which is the source of drinking water, is relatively low. The concentric reservoir reaches moderate eutrophication level in August and March, and mild eutrophication level in December and June. In August and December, the Yanjinghe Reservoir was basically at the medium nutrient level. In March and June, when the Rain Water was more frequent, the bottom sediment and nutrients of the reservoir were dissolved in the water body due to vertical movement of the water body, so that the level of light eutrophication was reached. 4. The correlation analysis and RDA analysis of four reservoirs showed that the growth and reproduction of phytoplankton in Pisces reservoir and Kejiaqiao reservoir with high eutrophication were not restricted by the content of NBP. It is very likely that Yanjinghe reservoir is a P restricted reservoir, while the phytoplankton of concentric reservoir is affected by many environmental factors. The four reservoirs are all affected by cyanobacteria Shui Hua to varying degrees. Because two medium-sized reservoirs have the function of supplying water to urban and rural areas, they are continuously monitored. It is necessary to prevent cyanobacteria from releasing toxins from Shui Hua to pollute the water body.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q948.8

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