猕猴的中央凹在初级视觉皮层和次级视觉皮层上的表征
发布时间：2018-08-21 13:02
【摘要】：大脑是如何处理视觉信息的一直是脑与神经科学领域十分重要的课题,而中央凹又是灵长类动物获取视觉信息的很重要的结构。中央凹是视网膜上很小的一片区域,该区域分布着密集的视锥细胞。中央凹接受来自视野中心位置的信号输入。中央凹处的视锥细胞密度非常高而且在最中央位置(从0°到1.7°视野范围)没有视杆细胞。这是中央凹在结构上与视网膜其他区域相比而言的特殊性。以往的研究说明,给定同样大小的视野范围,有更多的视觉皮层会投入到处理中央凹区域的信号。皮层放大因子就是用来表示这种视野与对应处理该视野的视觉皮层大小关系的参数。然而以往的工作没有对非常中心的中央凹区域进行过研究。在本文中,我们使用内源性光成像技术对中央凹在皮层的表征进行了研究。本文具体的研究工作如下:(1)搭建实验需要的光成像系统以及线下图像分析,包括负责给视觉刺激的刺激系统、负责采集光成像数据的采集系统以及光源、动物平台等。刺激系统和采集系统间通过串口进行通信,保证视觉刺激呈现时间和采集数据时间的同步。在此基础上,对光成像系统进行配置,设置刺激呈现时间、间隔时间并调整好与心电、呼吸的同步等,另外编写实验需要的视觉刺激程序。实验结束后编写数据分析程序对采集到的光成像数据进行线下分析,包括对图像进行预处理、做单一或差异条件映射图、用t检验方法提取皮层激活区域等。(2)实验过程中首先使用阶梯刺激的方法找到屏幕上对应于视野中心的位置,然后围绕该中心给视觉刺激,使用内源性光成像以及后续图像处理的方法提取出皮层激活区域并使用了两种不同的方法计算皮层放大因子,证明了在中央凹区域皮层放大因子最高可达16mm/deg。另外在本文的讨论部分,介绍了研究过程中发现的一些有趣的现象。我们发现,在中央凹给视觉刺激,初级视觉皮层对应与视野上两个分离开的刺激的反应激活区域有很大的重叠现象,本文对该现象做了一些初步的讨论。
[Abstract]:How the brain processes visual information is a very important subject in the field of brain and neuroscience, and the central fovea is an important structure for primates to obtain visual information. The fovea is a small area of the retina with dense cones. The fovea receives input from the center of the field. The density of conical cells in the fovea is very high and there are no rod cells in the most central position (from 0 掳to 1.7 掳visual field). This is the structural particularity of the central fovea compared with the rest of the retina. Previous studies have shown that given a field of vision of the same size, more visual cortex is devoted to processing signals in the central fovea region. Cortical magnification factor is used to represent the relationship between the visual field and the corresponding visual cortex size. However, previous work has not studied the central concave area of the very center. In this paper, we studied the characterization of the central fovea in the cortex using endogenous optical imaging techniques. The specific research work of this paper is as follows: (1) the optical imaging system and the offline image analysis are built, including the stimulation system for visual stimulation, the acquisition system for collecting optical imaging data, the light source, animal platform and so on. The communication between the stimulation system and the acquisition system is carried out through serial port to ensure the synchronization between the visual stimulus presentation time and the acquisition data time. On this basis, the optical imaging system is configured, the time of stimulus presentation, the interval time and the synchronization with ECG and breathing are adjusted, and the visual stimulation program for experiment is written. At the end of the experiment, a data analysis program is written for offline analysis of the collected optical imaging data, including pre-processing of the image, single or differential conditional mapping. T test was used to extract the activation area of cortex. (2) in the experiment, the step stimulation was used to find the position corresponding to the center of the field of vision on the screen, and then the visual stimulation was given around the center. The cortical activation region was extracted by endogenous light imaging and subsequent image processing. Two different methods were used to calculate the cortical magnification factor. It was proved that the maximum cortical magnification factor in the central fovea region could be up to 16 mm / degdeg. In addition, in the discussion part of this paper, some interesting phenomena found in the course of the research are introduced. We find that there is a large overlap between the primary visual cortex and the two isolated stimuli in the visual field in the central fovea of visual stimulation. This paper makes some preliminary discussions on this phenomenon.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.41;Q436
[Abstract]:How the brain processes visual information is a very important subject in the field of brain and neuroscience, and the central fovea is an important structure for primates to obtain visual information. The fovea is a small area of the retina with dense cones. The fovea receives input from the center of the field. The density of conical cells in the fovea is very high and there are no rod cells in the most central position (from 0 掳to 1.7 掳visual field). This is the structural particularity of the central fovea compared with the rest of the retina. Previous studies have shown that given a field of vision of the same size, more visual cortex is devoted to processing signals in the central fovea region. Cortical magnification factor is used to represent the relationship between the visual field and the corresponding visual cortex size. However, previous work has not studied the central concave area of the very center. In this paper, we studied the characterization of the central fovea in the cortex using endogenous optical imaging techniques. The specific research work of this paper is as follows: (1) the optical imaging system and the offline image analysis are built, including the stimulation system for visual stimulation, the acquisition system for collecting optical imaging data, the light source, animal platform and so on. The communication between the stimulation system and the acquisition system is carried out through serial port to ensure the synchronization between the visual stimulus presentation time and the acquisition data time. On this basis, the optical imaging system is configured, the time of stimulus presentation, the interval time and the synchronization with ECG and breathing are adjusted, and the visual stimulation program for experiment is written. At the end of the experiment, a data analysis program is written for offline analysis of the collected optical imaging data, including pre-processing of the image, single or differential conditional mapping. T test was used to extract the activation area of cortex. (2) in the experiment, the step stimulation was used to find the position corresponding to the center of the field of vision on the screen, and then the visual stimulation was given around the center. The cortical activation region was extracted by endogenous light imaging and subsequent image processing. Two different methods were used to calculate the cortical magnification factor. It was proved that the maximum cortical magnification factor in the central fovea region could be up to 16 mm / degdeg. In addition, in the discussion part of this paper, some interesting phenomena found in the course of the research are introduced. We find that there is a large overlap between the primary visual cortex and the two isolated stimuli in the visual field in the central fovea of visual stimulation. This paper makes some preliminary discussions on this phenomenon.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP391.41;Q436
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