高速卷绕头振动特性分析及疲劳寿命评估

发布时间：2018-10-10 07:17

【摘要】：卷绕头是化纤纺丝设备中的最关键的单元机之一,直接关系到高速纺丝技术的发展。近年随着高速纺牵联合纺丝技术的发展,纺丝速度得到很大提高,对卷绕头的卷绕速度要求也随之提高,开发新型高速卷绕头成为进一步提高纺丝生产效率的当务之急。随着新型卷绕头转速越来越快,振动问题成为卷绕头设计中的关键问题,过大振动会造成构件的疲劳破坏,直接影响卷绕头的使用寿命,同时还会影响纺丝质量。本文以卷绕头为研究对象,利用ansys建立其有限元模型,对不同丝饼直径进行模态分析,得到卷绕头各阶固有频率及振型。将卷绕头的固有频率和工作频率进行分析比较,对可能发生的振动形式进行了分析。然后对卷绕头在不平衡质量引起的间谐激励的作用进行谐响应分析,研究在不同的激振频率下的振动响应,并得出两种不同阻尼系数下的位移和应力响应,对比不同阻尼系数下的响应,发现振动响应的最大值对阻尼系数非常敏感,在共振区域,阻尼的增加可以使振动响应大大减小,而在远离共振的区域,阻尼的影响则不大。最后,对不同直径丝饼在工作转速下的响应进行研究,得到危险位置的最大应力响应。再由Basquin方程和疲劳损伤累积理论,得出其疲劳寿命计算公式,通过数值积分计算得到卷绕头的总损伤,最终得到疲劳寿命。研究发现通过增加阻尼减少振动能够使卷绕头达到使用寿命要求。本文为新型高速卷绕头的优化设计及安全使用提供了可靠的理论依据,同时也为卷绕头疲劳寿命评估建立了一套有效可行的方法。
[Abstract]:Winding head is one of the most important unit machines in chemical fiber spinning equipment, which is directly related to the development of high speed spinning technology. In recent years, with the development of high-speed spinning combined spinning technology, the spinning speed has been greatly improved, and the requirements for winding speed of the winding head have also been raised. Therefore, the development of a new type of high-speed winding head has become an urgent task to further improve the spinning production efficiency. With the speed of the new winding head becoming faster and faster, the vibration problem becomes the key problem in the design of the winding head. Excessive vibration will cause the fatigue damage of the component, which will directly affect the service life of the winding head and the spinning quality at the same time. In this paper, the finite element model of the coiling head is established by using ansys, and the modal analysis of different fillet diameters is carried out, and the natural frequencies and modes of the winding head are obtained. The natural frequency and working frequency of the winding head are analyzed and the possible vibration forms are analyzed. Then the harmonic response of the winding head induced by the unbalanced mass is analyzed, the vibration response of the winding head under different excitation frequencies is studied, and the displacement and stress responses under two different damping coefficients are obtained. Compared with the response under different damping coefficients, it is found that the maximum value of vibration response is very sensitive to the damping coefficient. In the resonance region, the increase of damping can greatly reduce the vibration response, but in the region far away from the resonance, the effect of damping is not significant. Finally, the response of silk cake with different diameters at working speed is studied, and the maximum stress response at dangerous position is obtained. Based on the Basquin equation and the fatigue damage accumulation theory, the fatigue life formula is obtained, and the total damage of the winding head is obtained by numerical integral calculation, and finally the fatigue life is obtained. It is found that the winding head can meet the service life requirement by increasing damping and reducing vibration. This paper provides a reliable theoretical basis for the optimization design and safe use of a new type of high speed winding head, and establishes a set of effective and feasible methods for evaluating the fatigue life of the winding head.
【学位授予单位】：华东理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TQ340.5;O346.2

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