不同入侵程度下加拿大一枝黄花根际细菌群落结构和功能差异
发布时间：2018-10-10 19:23
【摘要】：入侵生态学以往的关注重点多集中于宏观有机体层面上,但是,越来越多的研究表明,入侵植物与土壤微生物之间的相互作用关系深刻影响着入侵植物的适应性和竞争力,在其成功入侵的过程中发挥着重要的作用。然而,却极为罕见将微生物群落及其功能紧密结合深入探究二者对入侵植物影响的研究,本论文以恶性入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花(Solidago canadensis L.)的根部微生物为研究对象,结合高通量测序技术和微生物的纯培养方法研究了加拿大一枝黄花不同入侵程度下其根部内生和根表微生境的细菌群落组成和结构,进而利用纯培养方法对菌群组成中的差异菌属进行了功能性分析(分泌能够促进植物生长的吲哚乙酸的能力),以期探究根际细菌群落及其功能在外来植物入侵过程中的作用。本论文主要获得了以下研究结果:1、通过对高通量测序数据进行分析,发现加拿大一枝黄花的内生细菌与根表细菌的群落组成和结构差异巨大,在门(Phylum)的水平上内生细菌的绝大多数都是由变形菌门(Proteobacteria)组成,而其他菌门的细菌丰度非常小(0.1%)。与内生细菌不同,根表细菌的群落多样性大大增加,主要由变形菌门(Proteobacteria)、后壁菌门(Firmicutes)、放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、拟杆菌门(Bacteroidetes)和绿弯菌门(Chloroflexi)组成,这表明加拿大一枝黄花的根系对土壤微生物的招募很可能具有很强的选择性。2、无论是利用高通量测序技术还是采用细菌的纯培养方法,都发现根表细菌的Alpha多样性随着加拿大一枝黄花不同的高、低入侵程度存在显著的差异(Bray-Curtis),主要表现在假单胞菌属(Pseudomonas)、肠杆菌属(Enterobacter)、节细菌属(Arthrobacter)、詹森菌属(Janthinobacterium)、泛菌属(Pantoea)和黄杆菌属(Flavobacterium)相对丰度的差异上。3、利用细菌的纯培养技术对加拿大一枝黄花高、低入侵程度下的丰度差异菌属产吲哚乙酸功能进行检测,发现在低入侵条件下相对丰度大幅度提高的菌属具有强烈的吲哚乙酸分泌能力;进一步通过反接种实验初步验证了该菌群对加拿大一枝黄花的促生功能。以上研究表明,加拿大一枝黄花很可能可以通过在根内和根表选择性地招募并扩增某些细菌组分,从而改变总体的群落组成,进而改变其根部微生境中微生物群落的功能,最终影响其入侵进程。本论文通过同时采用高通量测序技术和微生物纯培养方法将微生物群落及其功能紧密结合,研究了入侵植物加拿大一枝黄花在不同入侵程度下内生细菌和根表细菌各自的菌群(Alpha和Beta多样性)和功能(吲哚乙酸分泌能力)差异,深化了根际细菌群落与入侵植物相互作用的研究,特别是对根际微环境的精细划分(根内与根表微生境),为今后植物入侵的研究提供了一种新的思路。
[Abstract]:Invasive ecology has focused on macroorganism, but more and more studies show that the interaction between invasive plants and soil microbes has a profound impact on the adaptability and competitiveness of invasive plants. In its successful invasion process plays an important role. However, it is very rare to study the effects of microbial communities and their functions on invasive plants. In this paper, a malignant invasive plant, (Solidago canadensis L.), is introduced from Canada. The bacterial community composition and structure of root endophytic and root surface microhabitats under different invasion degrees of Flos canadensis were studied by using high-throughput sequencing technique and pure culture method. In order to explore the role of rhizosphere bacterial community and its function in the invasion of exotic plants, the functional analysis of the different genera in the flora was carried out by pure culture method (the ability to secrete indoleacetic acid, which can promote the growth of plants), in order to explore the role of the rhizosphere bacterial community and its function in the invasion of exotic plants. The main results of this paper are as follows: 1. By analyzing the high-throughput sequencing data, we found that the community composition and structure of endophytic bacteria and root surface bacteria are very different from each other. At the level of phylum (Phylum), the majority of endophytic bacteria are composed of Proteus (Proteobacteria), but the abundance of other phylum is very small (0.1%). Different from endophytic bacteria, the community diversity of root surface bacteria increased greatly, mainly composed of (Firmicutes), (Bacteroidetes) and (Chloroflexi). This suggests that the roots of a Canadian yellow flower are likely to be highly selective in the recruitment of soil microbes. 2 / whether by using high-throughput sequencing techniques or pure bacterial culture methods, Both found that the Alpha diversity of root surface bacteria varied with a single yellow flower in Canada. There was significant difference (Bray-Curtis) in low invasion degree (Bray-Curtis), mainly manifested in the difference of relative abundance of Pseudomonas, (Pseudomonas), Enterobacter, (Enterobacter), (Arthrobacter), (Janthinobacterium), panbacterium (Pantoea) and Xanthobacterium (Flavobacterium). 3. The pure culture technique of bacteria was used to add. Take a big yellow flower high, The function of indole acetic acid production was detected under the condition of low invasion. It was found that the bacteria with high relative abundance under low invasion condition had strong secretion ability of indole acetic acid. Further, the growth promoting function of this bacterium to the Canadian yellow flower was preliminarily verified by the anti-inoculation experiment. These studies suggest that it is possible for a Canadian yellow flower to selectively recruit and amplify certain bacterial components in the root and the root surface, thereby altering the composition of the overall community and thus the function of the microbial community in its root microenvironment. It will eventually affect its invasion process. In this paper, the microbial communities and their functions were closely combined by both high-throughput sequencing and microbial pure culture. The diversity of endophytic bacteria and root surface bacteria (Alpha and Beta diversity) and their functions (indoleacetic acid secretion) were studied in different invasive plants. The research on the interaction between rhizosphere bacterial community and invasive plants was deepened, especially the fine division of rhizosphere microenvironment (root microenvironment and root surface microenvironment), which provided a new way for the study of plant invasion in the future.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q948.122.3
本文编号：2262960
[Abstract]:Invasive ecology has focused on macroorganism, but more and more studies show that the interaction between invasive plants and soil microbes has a profound impact on the adaptability and competitiveness of invasive plants. In its successful invasion process plays an important role. However, it is very rare to study the effects of microbial communities and their functions on invasive plants. In this paper, a malignant invasive plant, (Solidago canadensis L.), is introduced from Canada. The bacterial community composition and structure of root endophytic and root surface microhabitats under different invasion degrees of Flos canadensis were studied by using high-throughput sequencing technique and pure culture method. In order to explore the role of rhizosphere bacterial community and its function in the invasion of exotic plants, the functional analysis of the different genera in the flora was carried out by pure culture method (the ability to secrete indoleacetic acid, which can promote the growth of plants), in order to explore the role of the rhizosphere bacterial community and its function in the invasion of exotic plants. The main results of this paper are as follows: 1. By analyzing the high-throughput sequencing data, we found that the community composition and structure of endophytic bacteria and root surface bacteria are very different from each other. At the level of phylum (Phylum), the majority of endophytic bacteria are composed of Proteus (Proteobacteria), but the abundance of other phylum is very small (0.1%). Different from endophytic bacteria, the community diversity of root surface bacteria increased greatly, mainly composed of (Firmicutes), (Bacteroidetes) and (Chloroflexi). This suggests that the roots of a Canadian yellow flower are likely to be highly selective in the recruitment of soil microbes. 2 / whether by using high-throughput sequencing techniques or pure bacterial culture methods, Both found that the Alpha diversity of root surface bacteria varied with a single yellow flower in Canada. There was significant difference (Bray-Curtis) in low invasion degree (Bray-Curtis), mainly manifested in the difference of relative abundance of Pseudomonas, (Pseudomonas), Enterobacter, (Enterobacter), (Arthrobacter), (Janthinobacterium), panbacterium (Pantoea) and Xanthobacterium (Flavobacterium). 3. The pure culture technique of bacteria was used to add. Take a big yellow flower high, The function of indole acetic acid production was detected under the condition of low invasion. It was found that the bacteria with high relative abundance under low invasion condition had strong secretion ability of indole acetic acid. Further, the growth promoting function of this bacterium to the Canadian yellow flower was preliminarily verified by the anti-inoculation experiment. These studies suggest that it is possible for a Canadian yellow flower to selectively recruit and amplify certain bacterial components in the root and the root surface, thereby altering the composition of the overall community and thus the function of the microbial community in its root microenvironment. It will eventually affect its invasion process. In this paper, the microbial communities and their functions were closely combined by both high-throughput sequencing and microbial pure culture. The diversity of endophytic bacteria and root surface bacteria (Alpha and Beta diversity) and their functions (indoleacetic acid secretion) were studied in different invasive plants. The research on the interaction between rhizosphere bacterial community and invasive plants was deepened, especially the fine division of rhizosphere microenvironment (root microenvironment and root surface microenvironment), which provided a new way for the study of plant invasion in the future.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q948.122.3
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