微环谐振腔快慢光特性与非线性开关效应的研究
发布时间：2018-11-02 07:26
【摘要】：随着通信网络技术的迅猛发展,人类社会的物质文明和精神文明得到高度提高,对现有的信息需求量、传输速度有了更高的要求。全光网络的发展势在必行,全光网络不需要经过光-电-光的转换,所有信息的交换与传输均是在光域中进行,传输效率得到极大的提高,现存的电子瓶颈问题得以解决。微环谐振腔凭借其体积小、构造简单、性能稳定等一系列特点,作为构造全光网络的基础元件。微环谐振腔具有广泛的应用,比如全光开关、滤波器、缓存器、光纤传感等领域,微环谐振腔已成为当下光学领域热门的研究对象。本文主要对基于光栅的单环与双环谐振腔两种结构的快慢光特性和非线性开关效应进行了研究,具体的工作和主要的研究结果如下:首先,论文对光纤耦合器的工作原理进行了详细阐述。原理部分的介绍包括耦合模理论,以及由此推导得出了传输矩阵。耦合器作为微环谐振腔中的重要组成部分,本文接着介绍了微环谐振腔的结构及其工作原理,重点讨论了单环谐振腔与级联双环谐振腔两种基础模型。根据耦合器的理论基础及推导得到的传输矩阵方程,本文分析了信号光通过两种微环谐振腔结构中的输出特性。利用理论公式进行推导计算并仿真,分别研究了单环谐振腔与级联双环谐振腔系统的输出信号时延特性、相移特性、透射系数特性。通过两个微环谐振腔系统的输出特性对比,还研究了微环个数的改变对输出特性的影响。其次,在微环谐振腔的理论基础下,本文研究了基于光栅的单环谐振腔的输出特性与基于光栅的级联双环谐振腔的输出特性,其输出特性主要从时延特性、相移特性、透射系数特性三个方面进行分析。在无光栅引入下的单环谐振腔,信号光从直波导的一端加入,输出端口有两个,在谐振点处各个端口有慢光的产生。随着光栅的引入,单环谐振腔系统输出端口的个数增加,谐振点的位置发生改变,以及输入信号所在的直波导的输出端(直通端)会出现快慢光共存的现象,并且慢光的延时量会变小。由于光栅的透射与反射特性,单环谐振腔系统由原来的两个输出端口增加到各个端口均会有光输出,且所增加端口的输出光表现为慢光。光栅的引入会改变各个输出端口的延时量,相位的变化幅度也会变大。基于光栅的级联双环谐振腔系统的理论模型是在基于光栅的单环谐振腔基础上,在微环上级联一个相同微环构成的。引入光栅后的双环谐振腔,相比于无光栅下的级联双环谐振腔系统,在输入信号所在的直波导的输出端同样会出现输出快慢光共存的现象,并且慢光的延时量变小。光栅的引入同样也使得其他所有端口均有光输出,增加的输出端口的输出光表现为慢光。通过光栅的引入,级联双环谐振腔系统的输出端口延时量发生了改变,且各个输出端口相位变化幅度变小。之后,本文还分析了交叉耦合系数的变化对级联双环谐振腔系统传输特性的影响,我们得出:交叉耦合系数的增加,使得引入光栅下的级联双环谐振腔系统的直通端输出光的延时量增大,而另外两个下载端的延时量会变小;各个输出端口的透射系数随交叉耦合系数变化如下:在交叉耦合系数变大的情况下,直通端的透射系数减小,两个下载端的透射系数却增大。同时还发现,交叉耦合系数的改变对输出信号相位的影响可忽略不计。最后,本文介绍了基于单环谐振腔系统的光调制器模型和基于双耦合器微环谐振腔系统的光开关模型。对于弱信号光,在单环谐振腔系统上下两个耦合器耦合系数相同情况下,无泵浦光加入下,信号光从下载端输出;在泵浦光加入后,使得直通端也会产生输出。下载端的透射功率与透射系数会随着加入的泵浦光功率的增大而减小,反之,直通端的透射功率和透射系数会随着加入泵浦光功率的增大而增大。通过改变泵浦光功率实现下载端与直通端之间功率的转移,实现一种光调制器结构的设计。同时,随着耦合系数的改变,输出端口的临界功率也发生了改变。接着我们分析了基于双耦合器微环谐振腔系统的光开关模型:在双耦合器微环谐振腔系统中,当上下两个耦合器的参数相同时,信号光完全从下载端透射出去;当上下两个耦合器的反射率完全接近于1且不相等时,此时信号光完全从直通端反射出去。由此我们能够以调控上下耦合器的反射率的方式实现一种光开关。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of communication network technology, the material civilization and spiritual civilization of human society have been highly improved. All the information exchange and transmission are carried out in the optical domain, the transmission efficiency is greatly improved, and the existing electronic bottleneck problem is solved. The micro-ring resonator has a series of characteristics such as its small size, simple structure, stable performance and so on. Microring resonator has a wide application, such as full optical switch, filter, buffer, fiber sensing and so on. The micro-ring resonator has become a popular research object in the field of optical field. In this paper, the fast and fast optical characteristics and nonlinear switching effects of two structures of single ring and double ring resonator based on grating are studied. The specific work and main results are as follows: Firstly, the working principle of optical fiber coupler is described in detail. The introduction of the principle part includes the theory of coupled mode and the derivation of the transmission matrix. As an important part of the micro-ring resonator, the structure of the micro-ring resonator and its working principle are introduced in this paper. The two basic models of single-ring resonator and cascade double-ring resonator are discussed. Based on the theory base of coupler and the derived transfer matrix equation, the output characteristics of signal light through two micro-ring resonator structures are analyzed. The time-delay characteristic, phase shift characteristic and transmission coefficient characteristic of the output signal of single-ring resonant cavity and cascade double-ring resonator system are studied. By comparing the output characteristics of the two micro-ring resonator systems, the influence of the change of the number of micro-rings on the output characteristics is also studied. Secondly, based on the theory of the micro-ring resonator, the output characteristics of the single-ring resonant cavity based on the grating and the output characteristics of the cascade double-ring resonator based on the grating are studied. in the single-ring resonant cavity without a grating, the signal light is added at one end of the straight waveguide, and two output ports are respectively provided with slow light generation at each port at the resonance point. With the introduction of the grating, the number of the output ports of the single-ring resonator system increases, the position of the resonance point is changed, and the output end (through-end) of the straight waveguide where the input signal is located, there is a phenomenon that fast and slow light coexist, and the delay amount of the slow light becomes smaller. Due to the transmission and reflection characteristics of the grating, the single-ring resonant cavity system is increased to each port by the original two output ports to have light output, and the output light of the added port is reflected as slow light. the introduction of the grating changes the delay amount of each output port and the amplitude of the phase change will also be large. The theoretical model of cascade double-ring resonator system based on grating is composed of a single ring resonator based on grating, which is composed of the same micro-ring at the upper stage of the micro-ring. Compared with the cascade double-ring resonant cavity system under the non-grating, the double-ring resonant cavity after the grating is introduced, the phenomenon that the output slow light co-exists at the output end of the straight waveguide where the input signal is located is similar, and the delay amount of the slow light becomes small. the introduction of the grating also causes all other ports to have light output and the output light of the increased output port behaves as slow light. Through the introduction of the grating, the delay amount of the output port of the cascade double-ring resonant cavity system is changed, and the phase change amplitude of each output port becomes small. Then, the influence of the cross-coupling coefficient on the transmission characteristics of cascaded dual-loop resonant cavity system is also analyzed. The increase of cross-coupling coefficient is obtained, so that the delay amount of the output light of the straight-through end of the cascade double-loop resonant cavity system under the grating is increased. and the delay amount of the other two downloading terminals becomes smaller; the cross-coupling coefficient of each output port changes with the cross-coupling coefficient as follows: under the condition that the cross-coupling coefficient becomes large, the transmission coefficient of the through-end is reduced, and the transmission coefficient of the two downloading ends is increased. It is also found that the effect of the change of cross-coupling coefficient on the phase of the output signal is negligible. Finally, the optical modulator model based on the single-ring resonator system and the optical switch model based on the two-coupler micro-ring resonator system are introduced in this paper. For weak signal light, the signal light is output from the download end under the same condition that the two coupler coupling coefficients of the single-ring resonant cavity system are the same, and after the pump light is added, the through-end also generates an output. the transmission power and the transmittance coefficient of the download end can be reduced along with the increase of the added pump light power, and conversely, the transmission power and the transmittance coefficient of the through end will increase as the pump light power is added. the design of a light modulator structure is realized by changing the power transfer between the download end and the through-end by changing the pump light power. At the same time, with the change of the coupling coefficient, the critical power of the output port also changes. Then we analyze the optical switch model based on the two-coupler micro-ring resonator system: in the double coupler micro-ring resonator system, when the parameters of the upper and the lower couplers are the same, the signal light is completely transmitted out from the download end; When the reflectivity of the upper and lower couplers is completely close to 1 and not equal, the signal light is reflected completely out of the through-end. As a result, a light switch can be realized in such a manner that the reflectivity of the upper and lower couplers can be adjusted.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.11;TN25
本文编号：2305350
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of communication network technology, the material civilization and spiritual civilization of human society have been highly improved. All the information exchange and transmission are carried out in the optical domain, the transmission efficiency is greatly improved, and the existing electronic bottleneck problem is solved. The micro-ring resonator has a series of characteristics such as its small size, simple structure, stable performance and so on. Microring resonator has a wide application, such as full optical switch, filter, buffer, fiber sensing and so on. The micro-ring resonator has become a popular research object in the field of optical field. In this paper, the fast and fast optical characteristics and nonlinear switching effects of two structures of single ring and double ring resonator based on grating are studied. The specific work and main results are as follows: Firstly, the working principle of optical fiber coupler is described in detail. The introduction of the principle part includes the theory of coupled mode and the derivation of the transmission matrix. As an important part of the micro-ring resonator, the structure of the micro-ring resonator and its working principle are introduced in this paper. The two basic models of single-ring resonator and cascade double-ring resonator are discussed. Based on the theory base of coupler and the derived transfer matrix equation, the output characteristics of signal light through two micro-ring resonator structures are analyzed. The time-delay characteristic, phase shift characteristic and transmission coefficient characteristic of the output signal of single-ring resonant cavity and cascade double-ring resonator system are studied. By comparing the output characteristics of the two micro-ring resonator systems, the influence of the change of the number of micro-rings on the output characteristics is also studied. Secondly, based on the theory of the micro-ring resonator, the output characteristics of the single-ring resonant cavity based on the grating and the output characteristics of the cascade double-ring resonator based on the grating are studied. in the single-ring resonant cavity without a grating, the signal light is added at one end of the straight waveguide, and two output ports are respectively provided with slow light generation at each port at the resonance point. With the introduction of the grating, the number of the output ports of the single-ring resonator system increases, the position of the resonance point is changed, and the output end (through-end) of the straight waveguide where the input signal is located, there is a phenomenon that fast and slow light coexist, and the delay amount of the slow light becomes smaller. Due to the transmission and reflection characteristics of the grating, the single-ring resonant cavity system is increased to each port by the original two output ports to have light output, and the output light of the added port is reflected as slow light. the introduction of the grating changes the delay amount of each output port and the amplitude of the phase change will also be large. The theoretical model of cascade double-ring resonator system based on grating is composed of a single ring resonator based on grating, which is composed of the same micro-ring at the upper stage of the micro-ring. Compared with the cascade double-ring resonant cavity system under the non-grating, the double-ring resonant cavity after the grating is introduced, the phenomenon that the output slow light co-exists at the output end of the straight waveguide where the input signal is located is similar, and the delay amount of the slow light becomes small. the introduction of the grating also causes all other ports to have light output and the output light of the increased output port behaves as slow light. Through the introduction of the grating, the delay amount of the output port of the cascade double-ring resonant cavity system is changed, and the phase change amplitude of each output port becomes small. Then, the influence of the cross-coupling coefficient on the transmission characteristics of cascaded dual-loop resonant cavity system is also analyzed. The increase of cross-coupling coefficient is obtained, so that the delay amount of the output light of the straight-through end of the cascade double-loop resonant cavity system under the grating is increased. and the delay amount of the other two downloading terminals becomes smaller; the cross-coupling coefficient of each output port changes with the cross-coupling coefficient as follows: under the condition that the cross-coupling coefficient becomes large, the transmission coefficient of the through-end is reduced, and the transmission coefficient of the two downloading ends is increased. It is also found that the effect of the change of cross-coupling coefficient on the phase of the output signal is negligible. Finally, the optical modulator model based on the single-ring resonator system and the optical switch model based on the two-coupler micro-ring resonator system are introduced in this paper. For weak signal light, the signal light is output from the download end under the same condition that the two coupler coupling coefficients of the single-ring resonant cavity system are the same, and after the pump light is added, the through-end also generates an output. the transmission power and the transmittance coefficient of the download end can be reduced along with the increase of the added pump light power, and conversely, the transmission power and the transmittance coefficient of the through end will increase as the pump light power is added. the design of a light modulator structure is realized by changing the power transfer between the download end and the through-end by changing the pump light power. At the same time, with the change of the coupling coefficient, the critical power of the output port also changes. Then we analyze the optical switch model based on the two-coupler micro-ring resonator system: in the double coupler micro-ring resonator system, when the parameters of the upper and the lower couplers are the same, the signal light is completely transmitted out from the download end; When the reflectivity of the upper and lower couplers is completely close to 1 and not equal, the signal light is reflected completely out of the through-end. As a result, a light switch can be realized in such a manner that the reflectivity of the upper and lower couplers can be adjusted.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.11;TN25
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