生物学研究方法的系统趋向
发布时间：2018-11-18 07:55
【摘要】：分子生物学历经半个世纪的辉煌之后,生物学领域出现了系统生物学领先发展的趋势。从20世纪下半叶以来,系统科学和复杂性科学在自然科学领域兴起,20世纪末的生物学领域,以生命复杂系统为研究对象的系统生物学也逐渐兴起。本课题从史、论两方面展开论述,通过考察系统生物学兴起的历史背景,力图从历史中揭示生物学研究方法的发展趋势,为生物学的发展指明方向;通过对系统生物学及其方法论的研究,有助于深入理解系统生物学及其研究方法的哲学内涵,对生物学融入系统科学和复杂性科学具有重要的理论意义。本文史论并重,采用历史和逻辑的方法相结合,考察和论证生物学研究方法的系统趋向。第一章绪论概述了本课题的研究意义和研究背景。第二章围绕对系统生物学的产生背景和思想根源进行历史考察。先通过考察科学的整体动态发展特征,从历史的痕迹中探寻和发现科学未来的趋势,为理解新型学科——系统生物学及其方法论提供"科学"的历史背景;再通过回顾生物学思想的发展历程,厘清生物学发展到当前的动态过程,还特别梳理了20世纪中叶以来系统科学得到发展时,生物学仍持续坚持还原论方法发展的历史,通过比较分析尝试回答"为什么孕育系统论思想的生物学却还是向还原论方向发展?";最后,以"一般系统论为什么孕育于生物学领域,而非物理学领域?"为导向,通过梳理与系统生物学密切相关的"一般系统论"思想渊源,为系统生物学方法论研究提供思想背景。第三章围绕系统生物学及其方法论作论述。首先概述了"系统生物学"的缘起和基本内容。采用特征描述的方法对系统生物学作概貌性描述,之后对"整体性""涌现"等概念作了分析。最后将系统生物学的方法论与分子生物学的还原论进行比较分析,揭示了系统生物学的出现是生物学研究方法系统趋向的外在表现。结语部分基于历史视角和方法论视角的考察,阐明了当前系统生物学研究方法这种系统趋向,并论述系统生物学兴起的价值和意义。系统生物学研究方法在生物学和医学领域研究应用取得了进展,一方面有利于推动生命科学研究迅速发展,促进中西医学沟通交流;另一方面,系统生物学方法论思想会对其他学科的发展、经济社会文化等领域产生影响。
[Abstract]:After half a century of brilliance in molecular biology, there is a leading trend in the field of systems biology. Since the second half of the 20th century, systems science and complexity science have risen in the field of natural science, and in the field of biology at the end of the 20th century, the system biology which takes the complex system of life as the object of study is also rising gradually. This topic is discussed from the history and two aspects, through investigating the historical background of the rise of system biology, trying to reveal the development trend of the biological research method from the history, pointing out the direction for the development of biology; Through the study of systems biology and its methodology, it is helpful to understand the philosophical connotation of system biology and its research methods, and it is of great theoretical significance for biology to be integrated into systems science and complexity science. In this paper, both historical and logical methods are adopted to investigate and demonstrate the systematic trend of biological research methods. The first chapter summarizes the significance and background of the research. The second chapter focuses on the historical investigation of the background and ideological origin of systems biology. Firstly, by investigating the whole dynamic development characteristics of science, the author explores and finds out the future trend of science from the trace of history, and provides the historical background of "science" for understanding the new subject-system biology and its methodology. Then through reviewing the development course of biological thought, clarifying the current dynamic process of biology development, and especially combing the history of the development of system science since the middle of the 20th century, biology still persisted in the development of reductionism method. Through comparative analysis, the author tries to answer, "Why did biology, which gave birth to the thought of system theory, develop in the direction of reductionism?" Finally, "Why is the general system theory conceived in the field of biology, not in the field of physics?" In order to provide the ideological background for the research of the methodology of systems biology, this paper combs the origin of "general system theory" which is closely related to systems biology. The third chapter focuses on systems biology and its methodology. At first, the origin and basic contents of system biology are summarized. The concept of "wholeness" and "emergence" is analyzed by using the method of feature description to describe the general features of system biology. Finally, by comparing the methodology of systems biology with the reductionism of molecular biology, it is revealed that the emergence of system biology is the external manifestation of the system trend of biological research methods. The conclusion part is based on the historical and methodological perspectives to clarify the current system trend of systems biology research methods and discusses the value and significance of the rise of system biology. The research methods of system biology have made progress in the field of biology and medicine. On the one hand, it is helpful to promote the rapid development of life science research and the communication between Chinese and western medicine. On the other hand, the methodology of systems biology will have an impact on the development of other disciplines, economic, social and cultural fields.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q-0
[Abstract]:After half a century of brilliance in molecular biology, there is a leading trend in the field of systems biology. Since the second half of the 20th century, systems science and complexity science have risen in the field of natural science, and in the field of biology at the end of the 20th century, the system biology which takes the complex system of life as the object of study is also rising gradually. This topic is discussed from the history and two aspects, through investigating the historical background of the rise of system biology, trying to reveal the development trend of the biological research method from the history, pointing out the direction for the development of biology; Through the study of systems biology and its methodology, it is helpful to understand the philosophical connotation of system biology and its research methods, and it is of great theoretical significance for biology to be integrated into systems science and complexity science. In this paper, both historical and logical methods are adopted to investigate and demonstrate the systematic trend of biological research methods. The first chapter summarizes the significance and background of the research. The second chapter focuses on the historical investigation of the background and ideological origin of systems biology. Firstly, by investigating the whole dynamic development characteristics of science, the author explores and finds out the future trend of science from the trace of history, and provides the historical background of "science" for understanding the new subject-system biology and its methodology. Then through reviewing the development course of biological thought, clarifying the current dynamic process of biology development, and especially combing the history of the development of system science since the middle of the 20th century, biology still persisted in the development of reductionism method. Through comparative analysis, the author tries to answer, "Why did biology, which gave birth to the thought of system theory, develop in the direction of reductionism?" Finally, "Why is the general system theory conceived in the field of biology, not in the field of physics?" In order to provide the ideological background for the research of the methodology of systems biology, this paper combs the origin of "general system theory" which is closely related to systems biology. The third chapter focuses on systems biology and its methodology. At first, the origin and basic contents of system biology are summarized. The concept of "wholeness" and "emergence" is analyzed by using the method of feature description to describe the general features of system biology. Finally, by comparing the methodology of systems biology with the reductionism of molecular biology, it is revealed that the emergence of system biology is the external manifestation of the system trend of biological research methods. The conclusion part is based on the historical and methodological perspectives to clarify the current system trend of systems biology research methods and discusses the value and significance of the rise of system biology. The research methods of system biology have made progress in the field of biology and medicine. On the one hand, it is helpful to promote the rapid development of life science research and the communication between Chinese and western medicine. On the other hand, the methodology of systems biology will have an impact on the development of other disciplines, economic, social and cultural fields.
【学位授予单位】：华东师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q-0
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