基于GIS川黔铁路贵州段地质灾害易发性评价研究

发布时间：2018-12-09 11:38

【摘要】：川黔铁路贵州段由于其山高坡陡、谷深急流、岩体破碎,时常发生地质灾害,对铁路运行安全造成严重威胁。本文在川黔铁路贵州段地质灾害调查的基础上,根据地质灾害发生的地质条件和灾害类型,确定了影响铁路沿线地质灾害发生的因素,并在此基础上结合GIS和数学模型对铁路沿线地质灾害易发性进行评价研究。本文的主要内容如下:1.对川黔线沿线进行地质调查,查明了地质灾害发生的地质条件、地质灾害类型,结合现场调查资料以及文献,分析了川黔铁路沿线地质灾害发生的规律和影响因素。结合层次分析原理对沿线调查的地质灾害进行自身严重性评价。2.选取了沿线左右各1.5公里行程地质灾害易发性分析区,基于GIS软件,根据地质灾害调查和地质灾害记录建立研究区地质灾害数据库,建立了地质灾害点出高程、坡度、坡向、岩性、河流缓冲区、构造缓冲区等6种因素评价模型,结合GIS的空间分析功能,对各个因素在GIS中进行量化处理,从而构建了地质灾害评价体系。3.根据信息量模型,对于每一个因素的信息量进行计算,得出各因素的信息量值,通过GIS对每一个因素进行信息量赋值,并用GIS中的栅格计算器和重分类功能得出最终的川黔铁路贵州段易发性分布图。4.根据Logistic回归原理,在GIS中提取4倍于地质灾害数量的非地质灾害点,并将地质灾害点和非地质灾害点分为实验组和对照组,根据实验组基于SPSS软件推导出易发性评价方程,将推导出的Logistic回归方程导入GIS软件中,得出最终的川黔铁路易发性分布图,用对照组通过ROC曲线对结果进行检验。
[Abstract]:Because of its high and steep mountain slope, deep valley rapids and rock mass fragmentation, geological disasters often occur in Guizhou section of Sichuan-Guizhou railway, which poses a serious threat to the safety of railway operation. Based on the investigation of geological hazards in Guizhou section of Sichuan-Guizhou railway, according to the geological conditions and types of geological disasters, the factors that affect the occurrence of geological disasters along the railway line are determined in this paper. On this basis, combined with GIS and mathematical model, the vulnerability of geological hazards along the railway is evaluated and studied. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The geological conditions and types of geological hazards along the Sichuan-Guizhou railway line are investigated and the regularity and influencing factors of geological disasters along the railway line of Sichuan and Guizhou are analyzed in combination with field investigation data and literature. Combined with Analytic hierarchy process (AHP) principle to evaluate the severity of geological hazards investigated along the route. 2. Based on the GIS software, the geological hazard database of the research area is set up according to the geological hazard survey and the geological hazard record, and the height and slope of the geological hazard point are established. The evaluation model of six factors, such as slope direction, lithology, river buffer zone and tectonic buffer zone, combined with the spatial analysis function of GIS, is used to quantify each factor in GIS, and a geological hazard evaluation system is constructed. According to the information quantity model, the information quantity of each factor is calculated, the information quantity of each factor is obtained, and the information quantity of each factor is assigned by GIS. Finally, the distribution map of susceptibility in Guizhou section of Sichuan and Guizhou railway is obtained by using grid calculator and reclassification function of GIS. 4. According to the principle of Logistic regression, four times the number of non-geological hazard points were extracted from GIS, and the geological hazard points and non-geological hazard points were divided into experimental group and control group. Based on the SPSS software, the susceptibility evaluation equation was derived in the experimental group. The derived Logistic regression equation was imported into GIS software, and the final distribution map of susceptibility of Sichuan and Guizhou railway was obtained. The results were tested by ROC curve in the control group.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：U212.22;P694

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