低温干旱复合胁迫对黑麦、小黑麦、短芒披碱草幼苗的抗逆性研究
发布时间：2019-02-23 13:31
【摘要】：生长在青藏高原自然环境中的植物常常面临着多重胁迫,其中低温和干旱胁迫严重影响着植物的生长发育。本研究以两个不同品种的黑麦(Secale cereale)奥克隆和冬牧70、小黑麦(Triticale wittmack)1048和3241以及短芒披碱草(Elymus breviaristatus)为试验材料,通过不同温度和水分条件控制,模拟低温与干旱复合胁迫对牧草幼苗的生理生化性能的影响,初步探讨其抗寒耐旱生理特性,为今后在西藏深入开展人工草地种植和育种工作提供科学依据。研究结果如下:1.从SOD、POD、CAT这三项指标来看,黑麦奥克隆的抗氧化酶系统的保护能力较强。2.低温、干旱和复合胁迫这三种处理下,冬牧70中丙二醛(MDA)含量较对照组上升的幅度都大于奥克隆,表明冬牧70膜脂过氧化程度大于奥克隆,奥克隆的抗逆性较强。3.与冬牧70相比,奥克隆在低温、干旱和复合胁迫下其可溶性蛋白(SPRO)含量增加的幅度较小,表明奥克隆牧草自身耐受逆境胁迫的能力较强。综合上述结果说明,黑麦奥克隆在低温、干旱和复合胁迫下其抗逆性强于冬牧70。4.从SOD、POD、CAT这三项指标来看,低温胁迫下小黑麦1048的抗寒性强于3241;干旱胁迫下小黑麦1048的耐旱能力较强;复合胁迫下小黑麦3241的抗逆性较强。5.在低温、干旱和复合胁迫下,小黑麦3241幼苗中MDA含量较对照组上升的幅度都远大于1048,表明小黑麦3241幼苗在三种逆境条件下,其植物细胞的膜脂过氧化程度都大于1048,其在低温、干旱、复合胁迫下的抗逆性低于1048。6.在低温或干旱单一胁迫下,小黑麦1048中SPRO含量的增加幅度小于3241的,表明1048自身耐受逆境胁迫的能力较强;而在复合胁迫下,小黑麦1048中SPRO含量的增加幅度大于3241,表明3241对复合胁迫调控能力更强。7.低温或干旱单一胁迫对小黑麦3241的伤害程度高于复合胁迫,表明复合胁迫对植物的影响不能认为简单的叠加效应,因为复合胁迫可能对植物会出现协同效应或拮抗效应。经综合评价分析,低温胁迫下小黑麦1048的抗寒性强于3241;干旱胁迫下小黑麦1048的耐旱性强于3241;复合胁迫下两品种牧草的抗逆性指标各有高低。牧草抗逆性是复杂的调控过程,因此,今后需从基因调控和生理过程相结合来深入研究。8.在复合胁迫下,短芒披碱草的SOD和CAT活性达到最低值,表明复合胁迫对同德短芒披碱草的抗氧化酶系统破坏程度加剧,其抗氧化酶系统对自身的保护能力有一定限度。
[Abstract]:Plants growing in the natural environment of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau often face multiple stresses, in which low temperature and drought stress seriously affect the growth and development of plants. In this study, two different varieties of rye (Secale cereale) OClone and winter grazing 70, triticale (Triticale wittmack) 1048 and 3241, and (Elymus breviaristatus) were used as experimental materials, and were controlled by different temperature and moisture conditions. The effects of cold and drought stress on physiological and biochemical properties of forage seedlings were simulated, and the physiological characteristics of cold and drought tolerance were preliminarily discussed, which provided a scientific basis for the further cultivation and breeding of artificial grassland in Tibet in the future. The results are as follows: 1. According to the three indexes of SOD,POD,CAT, the protective ability of the antioxidation enzyme system of the rye Occron is stronger than that of the other three indexes. Under the three treatments of low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in winter grazing 70 was higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of winter grazing 70 was higher than that of olecone, and the resistance of Orclone was stronger. Compared with winter grazing 70, the content of soluble protein (SPRO) increased slightly under low temperature, drought and complex stress, which indicated that Orchon forage had stronger tolerance to stress. The above results indicated that the resistance of rye Orchon was stronger than that of winter grazing under low temperature, drought and complex stress. According to SOD,POD,CAT, the cold resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under low temperature stress, the drought tolerance of rye 1048 was stronger under drought stress, and that of rye 3241 was stronger than that of triticale 3241 under complex stress. Under low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of MDA in triticale 3241 seedlings was much higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of triticale 3241 seedlings was higher than 1048 under three stress conditions. Its resistance to stress was lower than 1048.6 under low temperature, drought and complex stress. Under the single stress of low temperature or drought, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was less than 3241, which indicated that 1048 had strong tolerance to stress. Under complex stress, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was more than 3241, which indicated that 3241 had stronger regulation ability to compound stress. The damage to rye 3241 caused by single stress of low temperature or drought was higher than that of compound stress, which indicated that the effect of compound stress on plants could not be regarded as a simple superposition effect, because compound stress might have synergistic or antagonistic effects on plants. Through comprehensive evaluation and analysis, the cold resistance of rye 1048 under low temperature stress was stronger than that of triticale 1048 under drought stress, and the drought resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under drought stress. Forage resistance to stress is a complex regulatory process. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the combination of gene regulation and physiological process in the future. Under complex stress, the activities of SOD and CAT reached the lowest value, which indicated that the antioxidant enzyme system was damaged more seriously under the compound stress, and its antioxidant enzyme system had certain limit to protect itself.
【学位授予单位】：西藏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q945.78
本文编号：2428881
[Abstract]:Plants growing in the natural environment of Qinghai-Xizang Plateau often face multiple stresses, in which low temperature and drought stress seriously affect the growth and development of plants. In this study, two different varieties of rye (Secale cereale) OClone and winter grazing 70, triticale (Triticale wittmack) 1048 and 3241, and (Elymus breviaristatus) were used as experimental materials, and were controlled by different temperature and moisture conditions. The effects of cold and drought stress on physiological and biochemical properties of forage seedlings were simulated, and the physiological characteristics of cold and drought tolerance were preliminarily discussed, which provided a scientific basis for the further cultivation and breeding of artificial grassland in Tibet in the future. The results are as follows: 1. According to the three indexes of SOD,POD,CAT, the protective ability of the antioxidation enzyme system of the rye Occron is stronger than that of the other three indexes. Under the three treatments of low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in winter grazing 70 was higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of winter grazing 70 was higher than that of olecone, and the resistance of Orclone was stronger. Compared with winter grazing 70, the content of soluble protein (SPRO) increased slightly under low temperature, drought and complex stress, which indicated that Orchon forage had stronger tolerance to stress. The above results indicated that the resistance of rye Orchon was stronger than that of winter grazing under low temperature, drought and complex stress. According to SOD,POD,CAT, the cold resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under low temperature stress, the drought tolerance of rye 1048 was stronger under drought stress, and that of rye 3241 was stronger than that of triticale 3241 under complex stress. Under low temperature, drought and complex stress, the content of MDA in triticale 3241 seedlings was much higher than that in the control group, which indicated that the membrane lipid peroxidation degree of triticale 3241 seedlings was higher than 1048 under three stress conditions. Its resistance to stress was lower than 1048.6 under low temperature, drought and complex stress. Under the single stress of low temperature or drought, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was less than 3241, which indicated that 1048 had strong tolerance to stress. Under complex stress, the increase of SPRO content in rye 1048 was more than 3241, which indicated that 3241 had stronger regulation ability to compound stress. The damage to rye 3241 caused by single stress of low temperature or drought was higher than that of compound stress, which indicated that the effect of compound stress on plants could not be regarded as a simple superposition effect, because compound stress might have synergistic or antagonistic effects on plants. Through comprehensive evaluation and analysis, the cold resistance of rye 1048 under low temperature stress was stronger than that of triticale 1048 under drought stress, and the drought resistance of rye 1048 was stronger than that of 3241 under drought stress. Forage resistance to stress is a complex regulatory process. Therefore, it is necessary to further study the combination of gene regulation and physiological process in the future. Under complex stress, the activities of SOD and CAT reached the lowest value, which indicated that the antioxidant enzyme system was damaged more seriously under the compound stress, and its antioxidant enzyme system had certain limit to protect itself.
【学位授予单位】：西藏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q945.78
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1 顾晓燕;川西北短芒披碱草自然居群遗传多样性分析[D];四川农业大学;2014年
2 刘新;六份川西北高原短芒披碱草种质材料的抗旱性评价[D];四川农业大学;2014年
3 刘杰;低温干旱复合胁迫对黑麦、小黑麦、短芒披碱草幼苗的抗逆性研究[D];西藏大学;2017年
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