重庆大巴山自然保护区薹草属（莎草科）分类研究

发布时间：2019-06-10 01:44

【摘要】：薹草属(Carex L.)有2000种以上,在中国约500种,是被子植物中分类最困难的类群之一。进一步理解薹草属植物的系统发育及其分布特征对于维管植物分类研究意义重大。重庆大巴山自然保护区是我国重要自然保护区之一,是多种薹草属植物的模式产地。迄今,该区域还没有完整的薹草属植物分类研究资料。通过对大巴山自然保护区薹草属植物做全面野外考察,共采集标本400余号。经过分类鉴定,共有薹草植物30种,3变种;其中9种是重庆新记录,它们分别是眉县薹草(Carex meihsienica K.T.Fu)、宽叶薹草(C.siderosticta Hance)、反折果薹草(C.retrofracta Kük.)、红鞘薹草(C.erythrobasis H.Lév.Vaniot)、披针薹草(C.lancifolia C.B.Clarke)、穿孔薹草(C.foraminata C.B.Clarke)、卷柱头薹草(C.bostrychostigma Maxim.)、长柱头薹草(C.teinogyna Boott)和仲氏薹草(C.chungii Z.P.Wang),5种1变种为重庆城口县新记录,即相仿薹草(C.simulans C.B.Clarke)、长安薹草(C.heudesii H.Lév.Vaniot)、亨氏薹草(C.henryi(C.B.Clarke)T.Koyama)、柄果薹草(C.stipitinux Franch.)、大舌薹草(C.grandiligulata Kük.)和大理薹草(C.rubrobrunnea var.taliensis(Franch.)Kük.)。文中提供了9种重庆薹草新记录的生境照片以及花序、基部小穗及苞片、上部小穗及其苞片、小坚果、果囊和雌花鳞片等的解剖照片以资鉴别,并讨论了它们及其各自形态近缘种的区别特征和分布情况。迄今,大巴山自然保护区是反折果薹草已知分布区的北缘,是红鞘薹草已知分布区的南缘;大巴山自然保护区是反折果薹草和穿孔薹草已知海拔分布范围的最高记录,是红鞘薹草已知海拔分布范围的最低记录。结合相关历史研究资料,对大巴山自然保护区薹草属植物进行了全面的整理,共统计出46种,2亚种和4变种。凡本次野外考察采集到或相关资料有标本记录的种类均引证了相关标本,暂未找到相关标本资料的种类引证了种类出处。
[Abstract]:Carex (Carex L.) There are more than 2000 species, about 500 species in China, which is one of the most difficult to classify angiosperms. Further understanding the systematic development and distribution characteristics of Carex is of great significance for the classification of vascular plants. Dabashan Nature Reserve in Chongqing is one of the important nature reserves in China and is a model producing area of Carex. Up to now, there is no complete taxonomic data of Carex in this area. Through a comprehensive field investigation of Carex in Dabashan Nature Reserve, more than 400 specimens were collected. After classification and identification, there are 30 species and 3 varieties of Carex. Nine species are new records from Chongqing. They are Carex (Carex meihsienica K.T.Fu, Carex C.siderosticta Hance), (C.retrofracta K 眉 k.), C.erythrobasis H.L 茅 v. Vaniot. Carex przewalskii (C.lancifolia C.B.Clarke), Carex punctured (C.foraminata C.B.Clarke), Carex C.bostrychostigma Maxim.), (C.teinogyna Boott) and Carex Zhong (C.chungii Z.P.Wang), Five species and one variety are new records from Chengkou County, Chongqing, namely C.simulans C.B.Clarke, C.heudesii H.L 茅 v. Vaniot, C.henryi (C.B.Clarke) T.Koyama. Carex C.stipitinux Franch.), (C.grandiligulata K 眉 k.) And Carex dali (C.rubrobrunnea var.taliensis (Franch.) K 眉 k.). In this paper, nine newly recorded habitat photographs of Carex Chongqing and anatomical photographs of inflorescences, basal spikelets and bracts, upper spikelets and their bracts, nutlets, fruit sacs and female flower scales were provided for identification. The difference characteristics and distribution of their respective morphological relatives were also discussed. Up to now, Dabashan Nature Reserve is the northern edge of the known distribution area of Carex angustifolia, and the southern edge of the known distribution area of Carex rubra. Dabashan Nature Reserve is the highest known altitude distribution range of Carex koraiensis and Carex punctatus, and the lowest known altitude distribution range of Carex red sheath. Combined with the relevant historical research data, the genus Carex in Dabashan Nature Reserve was sorted out, and 46 species, 2 subspecies and 4 varieties were counted. All the species collected from the field investigation or recorded in the relevant data all cited the relevant specimens, but the species of the relevant specimen data were not found to indicate the origin of the species.
【学位授予单位】：重庆师范大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：Q949

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