跨临界CO 2 制冷和多效海水淡化联产系统的热力学优化

发布时间：2022-07-13 14:54

　　世界经济的发展和世界人口的增长增加了对淡水的需求。另一方面,臭氧消耗和全球变暖问题由于对环境的巨大危害而是最严重的全球性问题之一。同时,全球气温的上升使制冷和空调需求增加。淡水和冷却生产是两个耗能过程,导致大量的温室气体排放。因此,淡水危机和日益增长的冷却需求是全球两个重要和关键问题,特别是在热带地区,这使得淡水和制冷成为同时需要的最重要产品之一,特别是在中东国家和热带地区等淡水来源不足的区域。联产系统同时生产多个产品,比单独生产相同产品的系统更节能。结合制冷和增强的多效闪蒸海水淡化系统（B-MED）对于淡水和冷电联产非常有用且节能。本研究旨在参与改进这一联产系统。对组合CO2跨临界制冷和B-MED的原始系统进行了研究和分析,然后通过添加另一个增强器模块来优化原始系统,因此,原始系统只有一个增强器模块B-MED,而优化的系统有两个增强器模块2B-MED。开发了两个系统的数学模型,研究设计参数对系统性能的影响。该模型基于系统组件周围的材料和能源平衡。数学模型分为三个部分,包括质量平衡、盐度平衡和能量平衡。该模型还包括传热方程和盐水的物理特性方程。所有的参数都被包含在系统内并研究了每个参数... 

【文章页数】：120 页

【学位级别】：硕士

【文章目录】：
摘要
Abstract
Abbreviations
Chapter 1: Introduction
    1.1 Background
    1.2 Study Significance
    1.3 Objectives
    1.4 Outlines
Chapter 2: Literature Review
    2.1 Desalination in General
    2.2 The Standard Technologies in Water Desalination
        2.2.1 Desalination with Phase Change
            2.2.1.1 MSF
            2.2.1.2 MED
                2.2.1.2.1 Flash-Boosted Multi-Effect Distillation Process
                2.2.1.2.2 Preheated Multi-Effect Distillation Process
                2.2.1.2.3 Boosted Multi-Effect Distillation Process
            2.2.1.3 Vapor-Compression Evaporation Systems (VC)
        2.2.2 Desalination Systems without Phase Change
    2.3 Trans-critical C0_2 Refrigeration Systems
    2.4 Combined Refrigeration and Desalination Systems
Chapter 3: Materials and Methods
    3.1 Assumptions
    3.2 Validation of Process Simulation Model
    3.3 The First Model
        3.3.1 The Model Description
        3.3.2 Simulation Setup
            3.3.2.1 Computational Setup
                3.3.2.1.1 Thermodynamic Modeling of the Trans-critical C0_2 RefrigerationSystem
                3.3.2.1.2 Thermodynamic Modeling of the B-MED System
                    3.3.2.1.2.1 The First Effect
                    3.3.2.1.2.2 The First Booster Module
                    3.3.2.1.2.3 The Effects (2-n)
                    3.3.2.1.2.4 The Final Condenser
                    3.3.2.1.2.5 The Overall System
    3.4 The Second Model (The Optimized System)
        3.4.1 The Model Description
        3.4.2 Simulation Setup
            3.4.2.1 Computational Setup
                3.4.2.1.1 Thermodynamic Modeling of the Trans-critical CO_2 RefrigerationSystem
                3.4.2.1.2 Thermodynamic Modeling of the 2B-MED System
                    3.4.2.1.2.1 The First Effect
                    3.4.2.1.2.2 The First Booster Module
                    3.4.2.1.2.3 The Second Booster Module
                    3.4.2.1.2.4 The Effects (2-n)
                    3.4.2.1.2.5 The Final Condenser
                    3.4.2.1.2.6 The Overall System
Chapter 4: Results and Discussions
    4.1 The First Model
        4.1.1 The Influence of the Inlet Heat Source Temperature in the 1B-MED System
            4.1.1.1 Investigation of the 1B-MED System at 90℃
            4.1.1.2 Investigation of the 1B-MED System at 95℃
            4.1.1.3 Investigation of the 1B-MED System at 100℃
            4.1.1.4 Investigation of the 1B-MED System at 105℃
            4.1.1.5 Investigation of the 1B-MED System at 110℃
        4.1.2 The Effect of the High Top Brine Temperature in the 1B-MED System
        4.1.3 Investigation of the 1B-MED System in Two Different Cases
        4.1.4 Analyses of the First Effect and the First Booster Module in the 1B-MEDSystem
        4.1.5 Investigation of the Gas Cooler in the 1B-MED System in Different Cases
            4.1.5.1 Analyses of the Gas Cooler with a Different Number of Effects
            4.1.5.2 Analyses of the Gas Cooler with a Fixed Number of Effects
    4.2 The Second Model
        4.2.1 The Effect of the Inlet Heat Source Temperature in the 2B-MED System
            4.2.1.1 Investigation of the 2B-MED System at 85℃
            4.2.1.2 Investigation of the 2B-MED System at 90℃
            4.2.1.3 Investigation of the 2B-MED System at 95℃
            4.2.1.4 Investigation of the 2B-MED System at 100℃
            4.2.1.5 Investigation of the 2B-MED System at 105℃
            4.2.1.6 Investigation of the 2B-MED System at 110℃
        4.2.2 The Effect of the High Top Brine Temperature in the 2B-MED System
        4.2.3 Investigation of the 2B-MED System in Two Different Scenarios
        4.2.4 Analyses of the First Effect, the First Booster Module, and the Second BoosterModule in the 2B-MED System
        4.2.5 Investigation of the Gas Cooler in the 2B-MED System in Different Cases
            4.2.5.1 Analyses of the Gas Cooler with a Fixed and Different Number of Effects
    4.3 Comparison of the 1 B-MED and the 2B-MED Systems
        4.3.1 Comparison of the Total Freshwater Production Rate in the Two Systems
        4.3.2 The Effect of the High Top Brine Temperature
        4.3.3 Investigation of the Two Systems in Two Different Cases (Scenarios)
        4.3.4 Investigation of the Gas Cooler in the Two Systems
            4.3.4.1 Investigation of the Gas Cooler in the Case with a Different Number ofEffects
            4.3.4.2 Investigation of the Gas Cooler in the Case with a Fixed Number of Effects
Chapter 5: Conclusions and Recommendations
    5.1 Conclusions
    5.2 Further Research and Recommendations
        5.2.1 Investigation of the Combined System in Different Climate Regions
        5.2.2 Investigation of the Economic Part of the Optimized System
        5.2.3 Investigation of the Life Cycle Assessment of the Combined System
        5.2.4 Investigation of Other Modifications of the Combined System
References
Appendix
Acknowledgement
List of Publications
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