服装压对男子篮球运动中肌肉疲劳的影响研究

发布时间：2018-06-01 14:30

本文选题：篮球运动 + 紧身衣　；参考：《浙江理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：篮球是一项需要身体各个部位协同作用的运动,动作幅度大,具有很高的危险性,肌肉骨骼很容易受伤,一直以来专业男篮运动员因伤退赛甚至退役的报道屡见不鲜。紧身衣因其不仅穿着舒适,还能对人体表面产生一定的束缚,有减缓肌肉振动、减小摩擦阻力等作用而被广泛运用于游泳、体操、自行车等高强度竞技类体育赛事当中。目前我国尚没有专项针对篮球运动中穿着紧身衣是否对人体机能有促进作用的研究。本课题运用肌电指标对肌肉疲劳进行评价,研究在不同篮球训练强度下男子穿着不同服装压的紧身衣时肌电指标的变化。首先筛选出25名大学生男篮运动员在穿着长袖紧身衣的状态下进行实验,测量其上身7个肌肉部位在不同运动状态时的服装压力与肌电指标值,同时要求受试者对运动过程中各个部位的疲劳感受进行主观打分,将主客观相结合,运用方差分析、相关性检验等方法分析各肌肉部位服装压与疲劳间的关系,最终找出疲劳发生时肌肉的疲劳阈值和最能够缓解肌肉疲劳的服装压阈值。通过分析得到结论:(1)各部位肌肉对疲劳的敏感度顺序为:肱二头肌肱桡肌三角肌斜方肌腹直肌背阔肌胸大肌。(2)高强度运动时,中等服装压最有利于单位动作电位传导速率的维持,从而缓解肌肉疲劳;而高、低等服装压对疲劳无缓解作用,服装压过大甚至可能诱发疲劳的产生。(3)中强度运动时,高等服装压最有利肌肉疲劳的缓解,而中、低等服装压对疲劳无缓解作用;低强度运动时也符合这一规律,并且中、低等服装压甚至可能诱发疲劳。(4)疲劳主要集中于运动的中后期。(5)三角肌、胸大肌、肱二头肌、腹直肌、斜方肌、背阔肌、肱桡肌的肌肉疲劳阈值和最能缓解肌肉疲劳的服装压阈值为:在高等运动强度下,肌电指标iEMG的疲劳阈值分别为126.404μV*s、113.931μV*s、129.021μV*s、123.406μV*s、121.266μV*s、116.852μV*s、127.674μV*s,MF的疲劳阈值分别为118.683Hz、104.535Hz、121.084Hz、117.003Hz、117.813Hz、102.381Hz、120.416Hz,能够缓解疲劳的服装压阈值分别为2.97k Pa、1.13k Pa、2.63k Pa、1.48k Pa、2.47k Pa、0.90k Pa、1.58kPa;在中等运动强度下,肌电指标iEMG的疲劳阈值分别为123.146μV*s、111.286μV*s、118.988μV*s、119.901μV*s、120.877μV*s、114.755μV*s、125.073μV*s,MF的疲劳阈值分别为118.837Hz、104.617Hz、120.362Hz、117.009Hz、117.653Hz、103.669Hz、120.001Hz,能够缓解疲劳的服装压阈值分别为3.77k Pa、1.53kPa、3.39k Pa、2.07k Pa、2.43kPa、1.14k Pa、2.15kPa;在低等运动强度下,肌电指标iEMG的疲劳阈值分别为117.823μV*s、109.564μV*s、122.804μV*s、118.023μV*s、116.423、110.143μV*s、120.895μV*s,MF的疲劳阈值分别为116.533Hz、104.387Hz、120.627Hz、116.762Hz、116.932Hz、105.216Hz、120.811Hz,能够缓解疲劳的服装压阈值分别为3.69k Pa、1.50kPa、3.24kPa、2.05k Pa、2.91k Pa、1.32kPa、2.09k Pa。本课题的研究意义在于,从客观量化的角度为男子篮球紧身训练服的设计开发提供生理量指标的数据参考,设计研发出不同部位具有与本课题相一致的不同压力范围的紧身训练服,使之更能够符合运动生理学和人体工效学,帮助运动员从预防的角度减缓肌肉疲劳,提高运动表现,同时也给功能型服装产业提供一些设计指导和研发新思路。
[Abstract]:Basketball is a sport that needs the coordination of various parts of the body. It has a great range of movement, high danger, and the muscles and bones are easily injured. The professional men's basketball players have always been reported to be retreated and even retired. The tights are not only comfortable to wear, but also have certain constraints on the surface of the human body. Meat vibration, reducing friction resistance and other functions are widely used in swimming, gymnastics, bicycles and other high strength athletic sports events. At present, there is no special aim to study the effect of wearing tight clothing on human function in basketball. This subject uses muscle electricity to evaluate the muscle fatigue. The changes in the electromyography index of men wearing different clothing pressure tight fitting clothes under the training intensity of basketball. First, 25 college students' male basketball players were selected to experiment under the condition of wearing long sleeved clothing, and the clothing pressure and electromyography index of the 7 muscle parts of the upper body were measured in different movements. In the process, the fatigue feelings of each part are divided into subjective and subjective. The relationship between the clothing pressure and the fatigue is analyzed by means of variance analysis and correlation test. Finally, the fatigue threshold of the muscles and the clothing pressure threshold that can relieve the muscle fatigue are found. (1 The sensitivity of all parts of the muscles to the fatigue is: the brachial biceps brachii muscle of the brachial muscle, the deltoid muscle of the deltoid muscle, the latissimus dorsi pectoralis major muscle. (2) high intensity exercise, medium clothing pressure is most conducive to the maintenance of unit action potential conduction rate, thus relieving muscle fatigue; high and low clothing pressure has no relieving effect on fatigue, clothing pressure is too large and even can be used. It can induce the production of fatigue. (3) high clothing pressure is the most favorable for the relief of muscle fatigue in the middle intensity exercise, and low clothing pressure has no relief effect on fatigue; low intensity exercise also conforms to this rule, and lower clothing pressure may even induce fatigue. (4) fatigue is mainly concentrated in the middle and late stages of movement. (5) deltoid, pectoralis major, brachial The two head muscles, rectus abdominis, trapezius, latissimus dorsi, brachyradial muscle fatigue threshold and the clothing pressure threshold to relieve muscle fatigue are: under higher exercise intensity, the fatigue threshold of electromyographic index iEMG is 126.404 mu, 113.931 mu V*s, 129.021 V*s, 123.406 mu V*s, 121.266 V*s, 116.852, V*s, 127.674 u V*s, MF fatigue threshold, respectively For 118.683Hz, 104.535Hz, 121.084Hz, 117.003Hz, 117.813Hz, 102.381Hz, 120.416Hz, the fatigue threshold is 2.97k Pa, 1.13k Pa, and the fatigue threshold of electromyography index is 123.146 mu, 111.286 mu, 118.988 mu, 119.901 mu, 12, respectively. The fatigue thresholds of 0.877 V*s, 114.755 V*s and 125.073 V*s are 118.837Hz, 104.617Hz, 120.362Hz, 117.009Hz, 117.653Hz, 103.669Hz, 120.001Hz, respectively. Don't be 117.823 mu V*s, 109.564 V*s, 122.804 mu V*s, 118.023 V*s, 116.423110.143 V*s, 120.895 V*s, MF's fatigue threshold is respectively 116.533Hz, 104.387Hz, 120.627Hz, 116.762Hz. The significance of the study is to provide data reference for the design and development of the man's basketball tight training suit from the objective quantitative point of view, and to design and develop tight fitting training suits with different pressure ranges in which the different parts are consistent with the subject, so that it can be more consistent with the movement physiology and human ergonomics and helps the athletes from From the angle of prevention, we can reduce muscle fatigue and improve athletic performance, and also provide some guidance for design and research and development of functional clothing industry.
【学位授予单位】：浙江理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TS941.17

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