低黏度端羟基预聚物基聚氨酯的制备及其在推进剂中的应用研究
发布时间：2018-08-12 15:25
【摘要】：为了研究低黏度黏合剂在推进剂上的应用,以期优化推进剂的工艺性能及改善推进剂的力学性能。对低分子量丁羟聚氨酯弹性体的合成与工艺性能进行了研究。对B-PBT基聚氨酯弹性体的合成进行了研究,采用综合性能较好的B-PBT基聚氨酯弹性体作为黏合剂在推进剂中进行应用研究。本文主要有以下几个方面的工作:采用二步法合成的低分子量HTPB聚氨酯弹性体。当催化剂DBTDL质量分数为0.004%时,浆料适用期可达5h,满足加工性的要求。当固化参数R为1.1,扩链剂DEG的羟值含量占反应体系总羟基含量的60%时,力学性能较好,拉伸强度可达7.48MPa,断裂伸长率可达540%。低分子量HTPB聚氨酯弹性体保证优良力学性能的同时,降低了浆料黏度,对改善丁羟推进剂的工艺性能有一定的指导意义。采用一步法合成了B-PBT基聚氨酯弹性体,反应温度为60℃,熟化条件为60℃下固化6d。固化剂选择反应活性适中的TDI、扩链剂选择DEG时,弹性体的工艺性能和力学性能较好。力学性能测试结果显示B-PTR1.1D3、B-PTR1.1D4的力学性能较好,拉伸强度分别为6.58MPa、6.74MPa,断裂伸长率分别为599%、659%。通过DMA测试发现B-PBT基聚氨酯弹性体的玻璃化转变温度在-30℃左右。蠕变分析和应力松弛分析表明,由于所制备的B-PBT基聚氨酯弹性体含有交联结构,蠕变程度不大,应力撤除后,弹性体形变恢复较好。热分析表明,B-PBT基聚氨酯弹性体的热分解分为三个阶段,分别为-N3的分解、氨基甲酸酯基的分解、大分子主链的分解,其中配方B-PTR1.1D4的热稳定性最好。选择综合性能好的B-PBT基聚氨酯配方在推进剂上进行应用研究。采用了 PBT基推进剂的制备工艺,制备了B-PBT基推进剂,结果发现使用B-PBT取代PBT作为黏合剂对推进剂的加工性能有一定的改善。通过力学性能测试发现,与PBT基推进剂相比,B-PBT基推进剂的低温力学性能大大提升,拉伸强度达到4.29MPa,而常温以及高温拉伸强度有所下降。另外,B-PBT基推进剂在高温下的断裂伸长率明显大于PBT基推进剂在高温下的断裂伸长率。通过最小自由能法计算了B-PBT基推进剂的能量特性,特征速度℃为1609.3616m/s,比冲I_(sp)为268.0998s,定压爆热Q_p为5649KJ/kg。
[Abstract]:In order to study the application of low viscosity adhesive in propellants in order to optimize the technological properties of propellants and improve the mechanical properties of propellants. The synthesis and technological properties of low molecular weight hydroxybutadiene polyurethane elastomer were studied. The synthesis of B-PBT based polyurethane elastomer was studied. B-PBT based polyurethane elastomer with better comprehensive properties was used as binder to study its application in propellants. The main work of this paper is as follows: the low molecular weight HTPB polyurethane elastomer was synthesized by two-step method. When the mass fraction of catalyst DBTDL is 0.004, the suitable time of slurry is 5 h, which meets the requirement of processability. When the curing parameter R is 1.1 and the hydroxyl content of the chain extender DEG is 60% of the total hydroxyl content of the reaction system, the mechanical properties are better, the tensile strength can reach 7.48 MPA, and the elongation at break can reach 540 MPA. The low molecular weight HTPB polyurethane elastomer can guarantee the excellent mechanical properties and decrease the viscosity of the slurry, which has certain guiding significance for improving the technological properties of HTPB propellants. B-PBT based polyurethane elastomer was synthesized by one step method. The reaction temperature was 60 鈩，
本文编号：2179469
[Abstract]:In order to study the application of low viscosity adhesive in propellants in order to optimize the technological properties of propellants and improve the mechanical properties of propellants. The synthesis and technological properties of low molecular weight hydroxybutadiene polyurethane elastomer were studied. The synthesis of B-PBT based polyurethane elastomer was studied. B-PBT based polyurethane elastomer with better comprehensive properties was used as binder to study its application in propellants. The main work of this paper is as follows: the low molecular weight HTPB polyurethane elastomer was synthesized by two-step method. When the mass fraction of catalyst DBTDL is 0.004, the suitable time of slurry is 5 h, which meets the requirement of processability. When the curing parameter R is 1.1 and the hydroxyl content of the chain extender DEG is 60% of the total hydroxyl content of the reaction system, the mechanical properties are better, the tensile strength can reach 7.48 MPA, and the elongation at break can reach 540 MPA. The low molecular weight HTPB polyurethane elastomer can guarantee the excellent mechanical properties and decrease the viscosity of the slurry, which has certain guiding significance for improving the technological properties of HTPB propellants. B-PBT based polyurethane elastomer was synthesized by one step method. The reaction temperature was 60 鈩，
本文编号：2179469
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