伦理视域下农村金融服务体系中的公平与效率问题研究

发布时间：2017-12-27 07:35

本文关键词：伦理视域下农村金融服务体系中的公平与效率问题研究　出处：《中央民族大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：追求公平和效率是人类社会经济生活、政治生活和的基本目标之一,也是人类建设和谐社会、追求更高尚的伦理生活的重要价值目标。本文以哲学伦理学、经济学交叉学科为基础,重点研究伦理视域中农村金融服务体系中的公平与效率问题,通过具体分析和全面探讨,创造性地提出效率与公平相统筹的农村金融服务体系之伦理建构、农村金融服务体系中公平与效率的伦理评价及实践维度的基本理论。全文由导论及五章内容组成。主要观点如下：公平与效率问题包括如何界定“公平”与“效率”的内涵、以何种尺度来衡量一定社会政策或治理理念所主导或影响下的“公平”与“效率”的价值取向、如何正确处理“公平”与“效率”之间的关系、如何建构“公平”与“效率”相统一的、合乎国情和民意的社会发展(经济、政治、伦理)体系。公平与效率无论在理论还是在实践上都存在不一致、难以兼顾之处,中、西方思想界和社会主义体制都试图探索解决这个问题。社会主义计划经济体制尽管能够较好地保证了社会的公平,然而在结果上导致低效率的平均主义思想意识。资本主义市场经济尽管可以在很大程度上提高效率,然而却也导致严重的贫富分化、剥削阶层和社会不公。从伦理的价值视域并结合社会主义实践,探讨社会主义社会的公平—效率观,可以发现公平与效率在社会主义社会发展的不同历史时期的具体体现有所不同,但是社会主义的本质特点就是强调大力发展社会生产力,建立新型的社会关系,提高经济效率和社会效率,并通过发展市场经济及其公平竞争机制以建立合理的法治机制、加强核心价值体系建设来实现社会公平正义,因此社会主义的本质要求效率与公平相统一。公平与效率具有特定的伦理意蕴,科学发展观的统筹兼顾方法、均衡发展思想及其理论内涵,蕴含着重效率、更重公平的价值取向。它不同于“效率优先、兼顾公平”以及“保障公平、效率为辅”之思想,体现了公平与效率相统筹的社会主义伦理精神。我国农村金融服务体系自身的伦理功能在于提升金融效率、推进经济正义、促进社会和谐、增进公民自由。重效率更重公平是农村金融领域全面深化改革,实现包容性增长、可持续发展的价值选择。统筹兼顾,科学发展,效率与公平相统筹,是农村金融服务体系的目标选择,它最大限度地体现了社会主义金融体系的公平性、包容性和高效性。构建农村金融服务体系中公平与效率相统筹的伦理系统之途径在于：以诚信为核心,引导农村金融市场行为伦理化；以效率为依据,进一步落实农村金融制度规范化；以公平为准绳,保证农村金融机构的信贷目标公正化。重效率更重公平,在一定程度上发展了“效率优先、兼顾公平”之不足,同时也突破了“保障公平、效率为辅”之片面,体现了历史唯物主义矛盾论和两点论、均衡论哲学思维。农村金融服务中的公平与效率相统筹的伦理评价体系的构建,包含系统性原则、简明性原则、地域性原则等评价原则。现阶段我国农村金融服务体系的公平与效率实现状况存在诸多问题,其中在公平感方面：农村金融服务硬件设施比较完善,农牧民对金融服务的需求旺盛,农牧民对金融机构服务满意度不高；在效率方面存在的问题有：资金流失限制了支农作用的发挥、不良贷款反弹、农村社会化服务体系不健全、服务“三农”和小微企业意识淡化。适应农村经济需求特殊性的完善的金融服务体系,必须是公平与效率有机统一的体系,它不仅包含宏观的多层次的金融服务系统,包括新型农村金融机构、农村信用社、邮政储蓄等机构,还要在金融产品和服务上创新发展,引导各金融机构开发符合各金融主体需求的产品和服务,最大限度满足其需求。因此,完善农村金融服务体系中公平与效率相统筹的实践维度在于构建公平与效率的伦理实践基础、突出公平与效率的平衡发展、提升效率的经济价值和伦理价值。
[Abstract]:Pursuing fairness and efficiency is one of the basic goals of human social and economic life and political life. It is also an important value goal of building a harmonious society and pursuing a more noble ethical life. This paper is based on the philosophy of ethics, economics, cross discipline, fairness and efficiency of the rural financial service system focuses on the ethical perspective in, through the concrete analysis and comprehensive discussion of ethics, creatively put forward the efficiency and fairness of overall rural financial service system construction, the rural financial service system in a fair and ethical evaluation and practical dimension of efficiency the basic theory. The full text is composed of introduction and five chapters. The main points are as follows: fairness and efficiency issues including how to define the "fairness" and "efficiency" of the content, in which to measure certain social policies or governance dominated by or under the influence of "fairness" and "efficiency" of the value orientation, how to correctly handle the "fairness" and "efficiency" and the relationship between how the construction of "fairness" and "efficiency", the unity of national conditions and public opinion and social development (economic, political and ethical system). Fairness and efficiency are inconsistent and difficult to take into consideration both in theory and practice. Chinese and western ideological and socialist systems are trying to solve this problem. Although the socialist planned economic system can better guarantee the fairness of the society, the result of the result has led to the inefficiency of equalitarianism. Although the capitalist market economy can improve its efficiency to a great extent, it also leads to the serious polarization of the rich and the rich, the exploitation of the exploitation class and the social injustice. From the perspective of ethical value and combined with the practice of socialism, to explore the fairness efficiency of the socialist society, embodies fairness and efficiency can be found in different historical periods of the development of socialist society is different, but the nature of socialism is to emphasize the great force of the development of social productive forces, the establishment of new social relations, improve the economic efficiency and social efficiency. And through the development of the market economy and fair competition mechanism to establish the rule of law, a reasonable mechanism to strengthen the construction of core value system to achieve social fairness and justice, so the essential requirement of Socialist Unity of efficiency and fairness. Fairness and efficiency have specific ethical implications. Scientific Outlook on Development's overall planning method, balanced development thought and its theoretical connotation contain more valuable and more equitable value orientation. It is different from the idea of "giving priority to efficiency, giving consideration to fairness" and "ensuring fairness and efficiency as a supplement". It embodies the spirit of socialist ethics that is equal to efficiency. The ethical function of the rural financial service system in China is to improve the financial efficiency, promote the economic justice, promote the social harmony and enhance the citizen's freedom. Heavier efficiency and more equity are the value choices for the rural financial sector to deepen the reform in an all-round way and to achieve inclusive growth and sustainable development. Overall planning, scientific development and efficiency and fairness are the goals of the rural financial service system. It reflects the fairness, inclusiveness and efficiency of the socialist financial system. Is that the way of ethical system fairness and efficiency of the overall construction of the rural financial service system: in good faith as the core, to guide the behavior of rural financial market ethics; take the efficiency as the basis, to further implement and standardize the rural financial system; to ensure fairness as the criterion, the rural financial institutions credit target fair. More efficiency and fairness, to a certain extent, develop "efficiency first and give consideration to fairness". At the same time, it breaks through the one sidedness of "protecting fairness and efficiency", reflecting the historical materialism contradiction theory, two point theory and equilibrium philosophy thinking. The construction of the ethical evaluation system of fairness and efficiency in rural financial services includes the principles of systematicness, conciseness and regionalism. Equity and efficiency of rural financial service system in China at the present stage of problems, which in a sense of fairness: perfect rural financial service facilities, farmers demand for financial services is exuberant, farmers and herdsmen to financial institutions and service satisfaction is not high; there are some problems: in terms of efficiency of capital loss limit dilution supporting role, and rebound of non-performing loans of rural social service system is not perfect, "three rural" and Small and micro businesses consciousness. To improve the financial service system of rural special economic needs, must be fairness and efficiency of the organic unity of the system, it includes not only the multi-level financial service system macro, including the new rural financial institutions, rural credit cooperatives, postal savings institutions, but also in the development of innovative financial products and services, to guide financial institutions in line with the development of the financial demand the main products and services that best meet their needs. Therefore, improving the practice dimension of fairness and efficiency in the rural financial service system is based on building the ethical and practical basis of equity and efficiency, highlighting the balanced development of fairness and efficiency, and enhancing the economic and ethical values of efficiency.
【学位授予单位】：中央民族大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F832.35

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