中国民生财政支出的经济社会效应研究

发布时间：2017-12-31 13:23

本文关键词：中国民生财政支出的经济社会效应研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：自改革开放以来,中国经济实现了快速增长,国家综合实力显著提升,人民生活水平都得到了明显改善。同时,中国经济社会发展中也暴露出一些亟待解决的现实问题。这些问题主要集中在就业、教育、医疗、住房和社会保障等民生领域,在某些方面和不同程度上已经对中国经济社会的健康发展产生了一定的负面影响。面对新的发展形势,党和政府秉承“以人为本”的理念,加大了对民生问题的关注,积极保障民生和改善民生,努力让全体人民共享改革发展成果。近年来,我国的民生实践取得了阶段性成效,重点民生领域中一些突出的矛盾和问题得到了一定程度的缓解。应该看到,在政府保障和改善民生的政策中,财政支出向民生领域的倾斜发挥了重要作用,并催生出具有中国特色的民生财政理论。在当前国内外经济形势复杂多变、经济增长进入新常态、政府财政收入减缓的情况下,如何从我国的基本国情出发,集中力量把民生财政支出投向基础性、普惠性、兜底性的民生领域,更好地发挥民生财政的经济社会效应,是关乎中国经济社会健康发展的现实问题,也是学术研究的焦点问题。与我国丰富的民生实践相比,民生财政的理论研究尚处于初创阶段。本文在充分借鉴既有成果的基础上,坚持以人为本和共享发展的理念,综合运用政治经济学、经济社会学、心理学等多学科的理论知识,采用定性分析与定量分析相结合等研究方法,从中国民生财政支出的现实情况出发,将理论与实践紧密地联系起来,对中国民生财政支出的经济效应和社会效应进行了研究。本文研究的思路是:首先,通过梳理基础理论和相关研究成果,明确民生财政的定义,其政治经济学内涵,以及其支出范围;其次,从规模、结构等角度考察了我国民生财政支出的现实情况;再次,通过实证分析揭示了民生财政支出与经济增长之间的关系及其作用机制,并从促进居民消费和创业行为两个角度分析了民生财政支出对经济增长的实际和潜在的作用;复次,通过实证分析揭示了民生财政支出在提升居民主观幸福感方面的作用;最后,通过借鉴发达国家与民生相关财政支出的成功经验,得到了相应的启示。基于上述研究思路,本文的具体章节安排如下:第一章,绪论。本章阐明了论文选题的背景、论文研究的理论价值和现实意义、论文研究中使用的主要研究方法、论文主要内容和结构框架、以及论文主要创新点等。第二章,理论基础与相关文献回顾。本章系统梳理、归纳、评述了与论文研究相关的国内外研究成果。其中,民生思想渊源主要按时间顺序,从中国传统民本思想、西方福利社会思想、马克思主义人的全面发展思想、以人为本的发展理念四个方面进行回顾。财政支出相关文献回顾主要从财政支出职能、财政支出规模与结构、财政支出与经济增长关系、财政支出与主要经济目标关系等方面进行。民生财政支出的直接相关文献回顾主要从民生财政支出的概念范畴、实证研究和对策研究方面展开。第三章,我国民生财政支出的现状分析。民生财政是我国民生实践中出现的新生事物,相关的理论研究目前尚处于初创阶段。本章通过对民生财政相关概念范畴的界定,给出了民生财政的定义,并对民生财政进行了政治经济学解读,进而明确了民生财政支出的范围。在概念范畴界定的基础上,本章从民生财政支出的规模、趋势、层次、结构等不同角度,分析了我国当前民生财政支出的基本情况和存在问题。第四章,我国民生财政支出的经济效应研究。本章主要针对我国民生财政支出的经济效应进行了相关研究。首先,将民生财政支出、物质资本、人力资本纳入同一分析框架,实证研究了民生财政支出与经济增长的关系及作用机制;其次,通过民生财政支出对居民消费水平影响的实证研究,揭示了民生财政支出通过刺激消费对经济增长产生的现实影响;最后,通过民生财政支出与创业活动之间关系的实证研究,揭示了民生财政支出通过促进创业行为对经济增长产生的潜在影响。第五章,我国民生财政支出的社会效应研究。本章通过民生财政支出与公共主观幸福感之间关系的实证研究,分析了我国民生财政支出的社会效应。进而研究了民生财政支出的教育、社会保障和就业、医疗卫生与计划生育、住房保障四个分项支出对公共主观幸福感的影响,以及民生财政支出对不同群体的主观幸福感的影响。第六章,国外经验和启示。本章通过借鉴美国、德国、英国、日本等经济发达国家在与民生相关的财政支出成功经验,并结合实证分析得到的主要结论,给出了相应启示和对策建议。最后是本文的主要研究结论。
[Abstract]:Since the reform and opening up, China achieved rapid economic growth, comprehensive national strength significantly improved, people's living standards have been significantly improved. At the same time, Chinese economic and social development also exposes some practical problems to be solved. These problems are mainly concentrated in employment, education, health, housing and social security and other livelihood areas, produce have a certain negative impact on China healthy economic and social development in some aspects and different extent. Facing the new development situation, the party and the government will uphold the "people-oriented" concept, to increase the livelihood issues, and actively protect the livelihood of the people and improve people's livelihood, to let all people to share the fruits of reform and development in recent years. The people's livelihood, the practice of our country has achieved results, some prominent contradictions and problems in the key areas of livelihood eased to a certain degree. Should see in the government. Barrier and improve the people's livelihood policy tilt, fiscal expenditure to the people's livelihood has played an important role, and has spawned Chinese characteristics of the finance of people's livelihood theory. In the current domestic and international economic situation is complicated, economic growth in the new normal, government revenue slowdown, how from the basic situation of our country, concentration the power of the people's livelihood expenditure on basic, inclusive, general of the people's livelihood, play a better effect on the social economy of finance of people's livelihood, is a real problem for the healthy development of Chinese economic society, and the focus of academic research. Compared with the practice of the people's livelihood is abundant in our country, the theory of finance of the people's livelihood is still in the initial stage this paper is based. The results in reference, adhere to the people-oriented and sharing development concept, comprehensive use of political economics, economic sociology, science and other disciplines in mind The theory of knowledge, adopting the research method of combining qualitative analysis and quantitative analysis, from the reality China people's livelihood expenditure, the theory and practice closely linked to the economic effect China people's livelihood expenditure and social effect were studied. The research idea of this paper is: firstly, through combing the basic theory and the related research results, a clear definition of finance of people's livelihood, the connotation of political economics, and the expenditure scope; secondly, from the perspective of the scale, structure and reality of people's livelihood expenditure in China; thirdly, to reveal the relationship between the people's livelihood expenditure and economic growth and its mechanism through the empirical analysis, and from the two angle of promoting consumption and entrepreneurial behavior of people's livelihood expenditure on the economic growth of the actual and potential role; thirdly, through the empirical analysis reveals the livelihood expenditure in The role of improving residents' subjective sense of happiness; finally, through the successful experience from developed countries and the people's livelihood related expenditure, get some enlightenment. Based on the above ideas, this paper is arranged as follows: the first chapter is introduction. This chapter explains the topics of the background, theoretical value and practical research the significance, main research methods used in this thesis, the main content and structure of the framework, and the main innovations of the thesis. The second chapter, the theoretical basis and literature review. This chapter systematically summarized, relevant research results are reviewed and the domestic research papers. Among them, the thought of people's livelihood origin mainly in chronological order Chinese from the traditional thought of the people, the western social welfare thought, Marx's thought of people's comprehensive development, reviews the four aspects of people-oriented. Fiscal expenditure related literature Review mainly from the scale and structure of fiscal expenditure, fiscal expenditure, fiscal expenditure and economic growth, fiscal expenditure and the main goal of economic relations and other aspects are directly related to people's livelihood expenditure. The literature review mainly from the concept of people's livelihood expenditure, research and countermeasure research. The third chapter empirical analysis of the current situation of people's livelihood expenditure. Our country. Finance of people's livelihood is a new thing in our country's practice, the relevant theoretical research is still in the initial stage. This chapter of the people's livelihood finance related concept definition, gives the definition of finance of people's livelihood, and finance of people's livelihood in the political economic interpretation, and defines the scope of people's livelihood expenditure in the basic concept definition, this chapter from the people's livelihood expenditure scale, trend, level, different angle structure, analysis of China's current people's livelihood The basic situation of fiscal expenditure and the existing problems. The fourth chapter, the research on economic effect of people's livelihood expenditure in China. This chapter mainly aims at the economic effect of people's livelihood expenditure in China was studied. First, the people's livelihood expenditure, physical capital, human capital into the same analysis framework, and the relationship between the mechanism of empirical research the people's livelihood expenditure and economic growth; secondly, through the empirical research on the effect of fiscal expenditure on livelihood of the residents consumption level, the reality effect reveals the people's livelihood expenditure by stimulating consumption to economic growth; finally, empirical research on the relationship between the people's livelihood expenditure and entrepreneurial activities, reveals the people's livelihood expenditure by promoting the potential impact entrepreneurship for economic growth. In the fifth chapter, study on the social effects of people's livelihood expenditure in China. This chapter through the people's livelihood expenditure and public subjective An empirical study on the relationship between well-being and social effect analysis of people's livelihood expenditure in our country. Then study the people's livelihood expenditure of education, social security and employment, health care and family planning, the four sub effects of housing security expenditure on public subjective well-being, and the influence of people's livelihood expenditure of subjective well-being of different groups sense. In the sixth chapter, foreign experience and enlightenment. This chapter by referring to the United States, Germany, Britain, Japan and other developed countries in economic and livelihood related expenditures of successful experience, combined with the empirical analysis to the main conclusions, the corresponding countermeasures and enlightenment are given. Finally, the main conclusions of this paper.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F812.45

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