工作—家庭支持对越南员工工作—非工作界面的影响

发布时间：2018-02-03 03:25

本文关键词： 家庭支持型主管行为工作-家庭增益工作-家庭冲突家庭工具性支持　出处：《华中师范大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为组织行为学研究热点之一的工作家庭界面研究,兴起于二十世纪六十、七十年代。经过长期的研究与探讨,该领域已具有丰富的理论基础和研究成果。从出现至今,该领域受到很多国家研究者的关注,同时该领域的研究成果也给诸多国家的经济及科学发展带来较大贡献。然而,该领域在越南从来还没得到越南研究者以及员工管理者的关注。以往越南员工受“男主外女主内”观念的影响,即男人只需要承担工作方面,女人只需要照顾家务。然而,随着经济全球化和社会的发展,越南的员工现在也需要兼顾工作和家庭两个方面,所以员工的工作和家庭担负越来越重。另外,城市化和生活节奏越来越快,工作和家庭需求越来越大(如,工作要求越来越高,难度越来越大,家庭经济需求越来越多等),工作和家庭需求的改变更是给员工带来工作和家庭的双重压力,如工作占用员工应该给家庭的时间和精力或者家庭占用员工应该给工作方面的时间和精力,这些都会影响员工家庭生活的和谐。所以,对越南组织而言,探讨工作-家庭关系、帮助员工减少工作-家庭之间的冲突非常必要。尤其是,研究工作支持、家庭支持对员工工作-家庭界面的影响将为越南员工平衡工作家庭关系提供重要启示。目前在很多国家,工作家庭界面研究虽然已是一个成熟的研究问题,但是研究者主要将他们的注意力集中在个体层面而很少注意到夫妻层面。在过去,越南人们受到重男轻女的落后观念的影响,普遍认为“女人不需要在外面工作”,而现在,在男女平等潮流的影响下,女性在外面工作的越来越多,所以双职工家庭模式越来越普遍。因为工作需求越来越大,所以工作可能占用了员工给家庭的时间和精力,或者有些员工可能是因为工作方面的压力回到家时还惦记工作,所以影响到夫妻之间的情感以及夫妻的婚姻满意感。因此,当前越南社会中,从夫妻层面上研究工作-家庭支持的传递效应也是一个比较重要的研究问题。本研究首先对20名越南员工进行了访谈,初步探讨了越南员工工作支持的作用机制以及传递效应。在预研究的基础上,借鉴以往工作-家庭界面比较成熟的理论,采用问卷调查,探讨了越南员工工作-家庭界面以及工作-家庭支持的现状。其次,进一步对越南员工的工作支持及家庭支持对工作-家庭界面相关变量进行分析,以探讨工作支持、家庭支持对员工的工作-家庭界面的影响机制。最后,本研究重点目标是,以越南双职工为研究被试,以溢出-交叉理论为基础探讨越南员工的工作支持对员工工作-家庭界面影响的传递效应。本研究主要的内容以及结论如下:(1)研究一旨在探索越南员工的工作-家庭界面的现状。本研究以277名越南超市员工为研究对象,采用问卷法对家庭支持型主管行为、家庭工具性支持与工作-家庭冲突以及工作-家庭增益的关系进行了探讨。研究结果表明,研究所使用的测量工具具有良好的信效度,适合用于越南文化下相关的研究与实践;越南员工感知到的家庭支持型主管行为以及工作-家庭增益的程度较高,越南员工的工作-家庭冲突水平适中。该研究还比较了中越两国在工作家庭支持、工作-家庭界面存在的异同。结果表明,中国员工感知到的家庭支持型主管行为显著高于越南员工,越南员工的工作-家庭冲突水平显著高于中国员工。(2)研究二旨在探讨越南员工工作家庭支持、家庭工具性支持对其工作-家庭界面的影响机制。基于社会支持理论,本研究将以工作家庭支持和家庭工具性支持反映工作-家庭支持水平,以工作-家庭冲突和工作-家庭增益作为工作-家庭界面的结果变量,探讨了工作-家庭支持对越南员工工作-家庭界面的影响。研究结果发现,在越南文化背景下家庭支持型主管行为及家庭工具性支持均能促进工作-家庭增益,家庭工具性支持能缓解家庭-工作冲突,而家庭支持型主管行为在缓解工作-家庭冲突中的作用不显著。(3)研究三以242对双职工夫妻为研究对象,探讨了越南员工工作-家庭支持的传递效应。本研究基于溢出-交叉理论模型,发现对于双职工夫妻,员工感知到的家庭支持型主管行为对工作-家庭界面有着积极影响,它不仅会增加员工的工作→家庭增益,也会缓解员工的工作-非工作冲突;家庭支持型主管行为可以通过同时增加个体的工作→家庭增益和缓解个体工作-非工作冲突,进而影响夫妻之间的社会支持行为。具体而言,家庭支持型主管行为可以通过增加个体的工作→家庭增益进而增加夫妻之间的社会支持行为,也可以通过缓解工作-非工作冲突进而增加夫妻之间的社会支持行为。研究还发现,丈夫获得工作→家庭增益会增加对其妻子的社会支持行为,而妻子收到其丈夫的社会支持行为也会反向增加给其丈夫的社会支持行为。
[Abstract]:As one of the hot research work family interface study of organizational behavior, the rise of sixty in twentieth Century, 70s. After long-term research and discussion, has theoretical basis and abundant research results. The field has emerged from the field, by many countries of concern and research achievements in this field have a greater contribution to the many countries economic and scientific development. However, this field has never been obtained in Vietnam Vietnam researchers and staff management's attention. The Vietnamese employees affected by the "male and female" concept, that men need to work, women need to take care of the housework. However, with the development of economic globalization and the society, the Vietnamese employees now also need to pay attention to two aspects of work and family, so the staff work and family more and more. In addition, the city and the life In an increasingly fast pace of work and family needs more and more (such as work, have become increasingly demanding, more and more difficult, more and more families demand etc.), work and family needs change also brings the dual pressures of work and family to the employee, such as job occupation staff should give family time and energy or the family should give up the staff work time and energy, which will affect the family life harmony. Therefore, the Vietnamese organization, to explore the work family relation, help employees to reduce conflict between work and family is essential. Especially, research support, influence of family support on employees' work family interface will provide important inspiration for the work family balance. At present, the Vietnamese employees in many countries, the research work family interface, although it is a mature research problem, but researchers will he We focus on the individual level and pay little attention to the couple level. In the past, the backward idea influence the Vietnamese people by patriarchal, generally considered "women don't need to work outside, and now, in the trend of equality between men and women, more and more women to work outside, so working families more and more common. Because the work needs more and more, so the work may occupy staff to the family time and energy, or because some employees may also think about the work pressure at home, so the affect between husband and wife emotion and marital satisfaction. Therefore, the Vietnamese society, transfer effect research work family support from the couple level is a very important research problem. This study first conducted interviews of 20 Vietnamese employees of Vietnam. Mechanism of work support and transfer effect. On the basis of pre research, drawing on previous work family interface mature theory, using the questionnaire survey, discusses the Vietnamese employees work family interface and the status of work family support. Secondly, further work and family support to Vietnam staff support related variables analysis the work family interface, in order to investigate the influence mechanism of work support, family support on employees' work family interface. Finally, this study focuses on the goal, the research subjects in Vietnam for two workers, to overflow - cross theory based on transfer effect Vietnam staff support effects on employees' work family interface the main research contents and the conclusions are as follows: (1) current research aims to explore the Vietnamese employees work family interface. In this study, 277 Vietnamese employees of the supermarket As for family support, supervisor behavior using the method of questionnaire, the relationship between family instrumental support and work family conflict and work family enrichment were discussed. The results show that the measurement tools used in the study has good reliability and validity, suitable for the research and practice of Vietnam culture related to employee perceptions of Vietnam; family Support Supervisor behavior and work family enrichment degree is high, the Vietnamese employees work family conflict level is moderate. The study also compared the two countries in the work of family support, work family interface exists difference. The results showed that Chinese perceived family support type executive behavior was significantly higher than that of the Vietnamese employees. Vietnamese employees work - family conflict level is significantly higher than that of China employees. (2) study aimed to investigate the two Vietnamese employees work family support, family support tools - the family The influence mechanism of interface. Based on the theory of social support, this study will work with family support and family support tools to reflect the work family support level to work family conflict and work family enrichment work family interface as the outcome variable, discusses the influence of work family support on work family Vietnam interface. The results of the study showed that in Vietnam under the cultural background of family support type administrative behavior and family instrumental support can promote work family enrichment, family instrumental support can alleviate the family work conflict, and family support for head in the relief work family conflict in the role is not significant. (3) of three to 242 the dual earner couples as the research object, discusses the transfer effect of Vietnamese employees work family support. This research is based on the theory of cross - overflow model for dual earner couples, perceived home The court support supervisor behavior on work family interface has a positive effect, it will not only increase the staff's work to family gain, will alleviate the staff work nonwork conflict; family support can increase executive behavior of individual work to family and individual gain relief work nonwork conflict, thereby affecting the couple between the social support behavior. Specifically, family support can be increased through the individual behavior in charge of work to family gain and increase social support behavior between husband and wife, also can ease the work - work conflict between husband and wife and increase social support behavior. The study also found that her husband was working, will increase the gain of the family the wife's social support behavior, and the wife received her husband's social support behavior will reverse the increase to her husband's social support behavior.

【学位授予单位】：华中师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F272.92;F717.6;B849

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