转型经济下的组织学习与组织绩效关系研究

发布时间：2018-03-02 16:08

  本文选题：组织学习　切入点：组织绩效　出处：《吉林大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：当今,现代企业面临着技术快速进步、产品生命周期缩短及全球化的动态环境。持续的组织学习和变革已经成为近几十年来全球企业管理领域最强烈的呼声。特别是进入知识经济时代以来,企业需要通过持续地学习来促进和提升创新活动,以及培养创新能力。组织学习被认为是企业获取和保持竞争优势的关键来源。正因为此,组织学习已然成为关乎企业的可持续生存和发展能力、竞争能力提升的焦点话题,建立学习型组织成为学者研究和管理者实践的出发点和归宿。组织学习的现有研究内容十分丰富,而目前,组织学习研究争论的焦点从讨论组织学习是否有益于企业的发展,转移到组织学习如何有益于企业的发展上来,更加聚焦于组织学习的作用机制研究。该研究的直接表现便是中介变量的引入,即试图通过中介变量来搭建组织学习到组织绩效的转化路径。尽管已有研究对中介变量的探索取得了一定的进展,但是研究十分散乱,对于一些中介变量的作用机理并不是很清楚,包括中介变量产生作用的原因和过程,以及情境条件对组织学习及中介变量的影响等。并且,大多数企业在利用组织学习作为产生竞争优势的具体实践中是失败的。总结起来,这是因为现有企业的组织学习缺乏正确的战略导向;以及忽略了组织学习的作用机制的环境依赖性。在中国情境下,企业需要适应制度环境的转型。一方面,随着市场制度的不断完善,一些企业更多地开始转向以市场为中心的战略决策;而另一方面,市场制度水平仍然较弱,面对高昂的交易成本和政府强势干预的约束,企业不得不借助非正式制度来寻得保护和发展,把发展关系作为一个战略机制即通过与竞争者和政府当局进行合作来克服竞争和资源不利。具体地讲,现有企业整体上主要采取两种战略,以市场为基础的战略与以关系为基础的战略。作为一种环境认知活动,组织学习反映了企业对所处制度环境的理解,进而影响着企业的战略选择和绩效。制度框架形塑了组织学习的方向,因此,组织学习研究需要高度重视制度环境的作用。为了进一步深入分析组织学习对组织绩效的作用机制这一黑箱,本文从战略视角出发,引入市场导向战略作为中介变量,制度环境和环境动态性作为调节变量,试图探讨转型经济下企业如何有效地进行组织学习。具体来讲,本文从以下几个方面进行分析:(1)组织学习是否对组织绩效产生积极的影响;(2)市场导向是否在组织学习与组织绩效间起到中介作用,即组织学习是否要通过市场导向战略的选择和具体的市场导向行为作用于组织绩效;(3)制度环境是否在组织学习与市场导向间起到正向调节作用,环境动态性是否在市场导向与组织绩效间起到正向调节作用;(4)制度环境和环境动态性的调节作用是否会影响到市场导向的中介作用,即二者是否影响到组织学习向组织绩效的转化路径。围绕上述问题,本文在进行文献综述和理论分析的基础上,提出了理论框架和具体的研究假设,并在进行严格研究设计的基础上收集了数据。在对样本进行初步统计、对量表进行信效度分析和共同方法偏差检测、对变量进行描述性统计和相关分析后,通过回归分析等统计方法对提出的假设进行了检验。结果发现:组织学习对组织绩效有显著的正向影响;市场导向对组织绩效有显著的正向影响;组织学习对市场导向有显著的正向影响;市场导向在组织学习与组织绩效的关系中起到部分中介作用;制度环境在组织学习与市场导向的关系中起到正向调节作用;环境动态性在市场导向与组织绩效的关系中没有显著的调节作用;制度环境对市场导向的中介作用产生显著的调节影响。可见,本文除了关于环境动态性的假设不成立外,其余假设均成立。由此,本文对转型经济下组织学习与组织绩效关系的探索取得了一定的成果。首先,本文丰富了组织学习对组织绩效的作用机制研究。将市场导向作为中介变量引入模型中,深入探讨了组织学习通过市场导向作用于组织绩效的路径;另一方面,针对中国转型经济下的企业,从制度环境和环境动态性入手,分析二者对组织学习的作用机制的调节影响。尽管结果并未证实环境动态性的调节作用,但是对现有研究结论的不一致做了进一步的检验并对结果进行了解释。其次,本文对组织学习与市场导向的关系进行了辨析。一直以来,组织学习与市场导向的关系存在争议,而争议点在于二者之间哪一个是前因哪一个是结果。已有研究绝大多数是基于市场导向的研究出发点,引入组织学习的视角,认为市场导向是组织学习的基础。本文则以组织学习为出发点探讨市场导向在组织学习作用机制中扮演的角色,强调组织学习是市场导向的基础。本文对二者关系的研究进行了回顾,并进一步明晰了二者之间的关系。最后,本文强调了制度环境对组织学习、市场导向和组织绩效关系的意义。制度是转型经济下企业的生存和发展必须考虑的因素。然而,现有关于制度与组织的研究,对于微观层面的组织行为和战略的分析非常有限。本文主要从经济制度的视角出发,分析制度对组织学习、市场导向和组织绩效的影响,拓展了制度理论在战略管理中的研究,这也为未来有关制度的组织研究提供了一定的启示。尽管本文取得了一定的成果,但仍然存在一定的局限性,包括样本的选择、数据的收集和变量的测量等方面,这需要后续研究进一步地完善。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, modern enterprises are faced with the rapid progress of technology, shorten the product life cycle and dynamic environment of globalization. Continuous organizational learning and change has become in recent decades, the field of global business management the most intense voice. Especially in the era of knowledge economy, enterprises need to continue to learn to promote and enhance the innovation activities, and the cultivation of innovative ability. Organizational learning is a key source for enterprises to obtain and maintain competitive advantages. Because of this, organizational learning has become the sustainable survival and development ability of enterprises to enhance the ability of competition, the focus of the topic, the establishment of learning organization has become the starting point and destination of academic research and management practice. The existing research content learning is very rich, but at present, the study focus debate from the discussion of organizational learning is beneficial to the development of enterprises, transferred to the How organizational learning is beneficial to the development of enterprises, more focused on the mechanism of organizational learning. The direct manifestation of the study is the introduction of an intermediary variable, which is trying to through the intermediary variable to build organizational learning to organizational performance. Although the transformation path has been explored research on the intermediary variable has made some progress, but the study very scattered, for some intermediary variables and the mechanism is not very clear, including the causes and effects of the process variables, and situations on organizational learning and mediating effects. Also, most of the enterprises in the use of organizational learning as a practice to produce a competitive advantage in failure. To sum up, this is because the existing enterprise organizational learning lacks the right strategy; and ignored the mechanism of organizational learning environment in China context dependent, Business needs to adapt to the transformation of the institutional environment. On the one hand, with the continuous improvement of the system of the market, some companies began to shift more strategic decisions to the market as the center; on the other hand, the market system is still weak, in the face of high transaction costs and strong government intervention constraints, enterprises have to rely on informal institutions to find the protection and development, the development of the relationship as a strategic mechanism through cooperation with competitors and government authorities to overcome the unfavorable competition and resources. Specifically, the whole enterprise mainly adopt two kinds of strategy, based on the market strategy and relation based strategy. As a kind of environmental cognitive activity. Organizational learning reflects the understanding of the institutional environment, and then affect the strategy choice and performance of the enterprise. The system framework of shaping the organizational learning direction, therefore, organizational learning Study on the need to attach great importance to the role of the environment system. In order to further analyze the mechanism of organizational learning on organizational performance in the black box, from the strategic perspective, the introduction of market oriented strategy as an intermediary variable, institutional environment and dynamic environment as a variable, to explore the transition economy enterprises how to effectively carry out organizational learning in particular. This paper, from the following aspects: (1) whether organizational learning has a positive impact on organizational performance; (2) whether the market orientation plays an intermediary role in organizational learning and organizational performance, organizational learning is through market orientation strategy and specific market oriented behavior on organizational performance; (3) whether the institutional environment play a positive role in the organizational learning and market orientation, whether in the dynamic environment of market orientation and organizational performance to Positive regulation; (4) whether the regulatory role of the institutional environment and dynamic environment will affect the mediating role of market orientation, namely the two affect organizational learning to organizational performance. The conversion path around the above problems, based on the literature review and theoretical analysis, puts forward the theoretical framework and concrete the research hypothesis, and through rigorous research and design based on the collected data. The preliminary statistics of the sample, the reliability and validity analysis and common method bias detection, descriptive statistics and correlation analysis of variables, statistical methods such as regression analysis for the proposed hypotheses are tested. The results showed that: organizational learning has a significant positive impact on organizational performance; market orientation has a significant positive impact on organizational performance; organizational learning has a significant positive impact on market orientation; market orientation Play the part of the intermediary role between organizational learning and organizational performance; institutional environment plays a positive role in the relationship between organizational learning and market orientation in dynamic environment; in the relationship between market orientation and organizational performance have no significant moderating effect; intermediary effect of institutional environment on market oriented regulation significantly. Visible in this paper, in addition to the dynamic environment of the assumption does not hold, other assumptions are established. Thus, the exploration of the economic transformation of the relationship between organizational learning and organizational performance and achieved certain results. Firstly, the mechanism of rich Wenfeng on organizational learning. The market orientation as mediating variables into the model, in-depth study of the organizational learning through the role of market orientation on organizational performance path; on the other hand, according to the China economic transformation of enterprises, from the institutional environment and ring Dynamic analysis of environment, the impact of the two regulating mechanism of organizational learning. Although the results did not confirm the environmental dynamic regulation, but the conclusion of the existing research does not agree to do further tests and the results are explained. Secondly, this paper analyzes the relationship between organizational learning and market orientation has been the controversial relationship between organizational learning and market orientation, and the dispute is between the two which is the antecedent of which one is the results. Most of the existing research study based on market orientation, organizational learning perspective, that market orientation is the foundation of organization learning. This paper takes the organization learning as a starting point to explore the mechanism of market oriented learning plays the role in the organization, stressed that organizational learning is the basis of market orientation. This paper studies on the relationship between the two reviews, and To further clarify the relationship between the two. Finally, this paper emphasizes the importance of institutional environment on organizational learning, the relationship between market orientation and organizational performance. The system is the transformation of enterprise survival and development of economy must be considered. However, the existing research about the system and organization, the microcosmic analysis of organizational behavior and strategy very limited. This paper mainly from the perspective of economic system, analysis system of organizational learning, the influence of market orientation and organizational performance, expand the research in strategic management system theory, it also provides some implications for future research on organizational system. Although we have made certain achievements, but there are still some limitations, including sample selection, data collection and measurement aspects of variables, it needs further research to further improve.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F272.92
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本文编号：1557219