创业者中庸思维与创业激情对新创企业绩效的影响机制研究

发布时间：2018-04-25 16:23

本文选题：中庸思维 + 创业激情　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2017年博士论文

【摘要】：创业是社会经济发展的重要引擎,其对产业结构的升级调整以及社会就业岗位的增加具有重要的推动与保障作用。新创企业作为最具活力的社会实体之一,是创业的关键角色和中坚力量。因此通过推动新创企业的成长与发展,促进创业与创新,推动国家供给侧改革,增加社会就业,已经成为中国"保增长、稳增长"国家战略下的必然选择。我国政府和社会对创业高度支持,通过良好社会环境的打造、优惠政策的推行、优质资金的引入等措施,促进企业的建立与成长。在政府、社会以及产业界的支持下,中国的新创企业在近几年呈现出"井喷式"增长。2015年中国平均每天新增企业近1.2万家,2016年中国日均新增企业1.5万家。但是中国新创企业的存活率并不高,有49.7%的企业寿命不足5年,仅有17.7%的企业寿命超过10年。因此,如何推动新创企业的持续成长,促进新创企业竞争优势的提升,已成为我们迫切需要解决的重要现实问题。创业者,作为新创企业的创办者与管理者,对新创企业的生存与发展有重要的作用,因为他们是新创企业战略的制定者和组织行为以及组织氛围的最主要引导者。从创业者的角度,探索创业者如何影响新创企业的组织战略、行为以及绩效已成为创业领域以及组织管理领域的一个重要研究课题。企业在初创阶段,面临着众多的不确定性,如不明朗的行业发展前景、尚待开发的市场以及成熟强大的竞争对手。在这一不确定环境下的创业过程中,不仅创业者的理性认知发挥重要作用,非理性的情感因素也深刻影响创业过程。本文从认知和情感两个视角出发,分析创业者对于新创企业绩效的影响机制。具体来说,本文探索创业者中庸思维和创业激情对于新创企业的影响机制。中庸思维是受中国传统儒家文化影响而形成的一种认知风格,是当代中国创业者中普遍存在的一种认知方式。创业激情是创业者对于创业活动所持有的一种强烈且积极的情感,是创业成功的关键影响因素。高阶梯队理论为这一问题的研究提供了有益的视角。高阶梯队理论指出,创业者的个人特质(如,认知和情感)会通过影响组织战略或组织行为,进而影响组织绩效;同时高阶梯队理论指出创业者对于组织影响作用的强度还取决于外界环境因素,以及创业者自身因素。另外,心理学理论指出认识和情感是人类信息处理以及决策过程中同时存在的两个系统,两者交互影响个人行为以及组织行为。因此,本文基于高阶梯队理论并结合认知情感交互视角,探索了创业者中庸思维以及创业激情对于新创企业绩效的影响机制,并探索了二者交互作用对于新创企业的影响。具体来说,本文基于高阶梯队理论,从创业者认知与情感两个视角出发,结合关系、机会、组织创新、人力资本与社会资本、环境动态性等理论和观点,从三个方面展开研究:(1)探索创业者中庸思维对新创企业绩效的影响机理,并分析组织关系网络的中介作用,以及环境动态性的调节作用;(2)探索创业者创业激情对新创企业绩效的影响机理,探讨机会获取的中介作用,以及创业者先前行业经验与社会资本的调节作用;(3)探索创业者创业激情与中庸思维交互作用对于组织创新以及新创企业绩效的影响。通过这三项研究,揭示创业者中庸思维与创业激情对于新创企业影响的机制,并验证中庸思维与创业激情交互作用对新创企业的影响机制。本文以新创企业为研究对象,通过问卷调查以及实证研究的方法,利用多元回归进行数据分析以验证假设模型。本文得出的基本结论:(1)创业者中庸思维对新创企业绩效具有正向影响,对组织关系网络有正向影响,且关系网络完全中介创业者中庸思维与新创企业绩效之间的关系。创业者中庸思维与关系网络之间的作用关系受到环境动态性的调节,技术动态性越高,创业者中庸思维更有利于建立企业的关系网络;市场动态性越高,创业者中庸思维对新创企业关系网络的构建与维护的作用越弱。(2)创业者创业激情对新创企业绩效有正向影响,对机会获取有正向影响,机会获取完全中介创业者创业激情与新创企业绩效之间的关系。当创业者没有先前行业经验时,创业者创业激情对机会获取影响显著,而当创业者有先前行业经验时,这一影响作用不显著;当创业者社会资本越多时,创业者创业激情与机会获取之间的关系越强。(3)创业者创业激情对组织创新及新创企业绩效具有正向影响,组织创新中介创业者创业激情与新创企业绩效之间的关系。当创业者中庸思维越高,创业者创业激情与组织创新之间的关系越强;创业者创业激情与新创企业绩效之间的关系也越强。本研究丰富了新创企业绩效影响因素的研究,拓展了组织战略研究领域关于创业者影响组织行为与绩效的相关研究;同时,丰富了中国情境下中国创业者认知和情感对于组织战略、行为以及绩效的影响机制研究,拓展了认知和情感视角下创业者对于新创企业的影响。本研究的结论为创业者如何通过培养中庸思维以及创业激情来增加新创企业竞争力提供了指导,为政府促进新创企业绩效提供了有效指导。
[Abstract]:Entrepreneurship is an important engine of social and economic development, which plays an important role in promoting and ensuring the upgrading and adjustment of the industrial structure and the increase of social employment. As one of the most dynamic social entities, new ventures are the key role and backbone of entrepreneurship. Therefore, the growth and development of new ventures will be promoted to promote entrepreneurship. With innovation, promoting the state supply side reform and increasing social employment, China has become the inevitable choice under the national strategy of "ensuring growth and steady growth". Our government and society have high support for entrepreneurship, through good social environment, the promotion of preferential policies, the introduction of high quality funds and other measures to promote the establishment and growth of enterprises. In the government, With the support of the social and industrial sectors, China's new ventures have shown a "blowout" growth in recent years in China, with the growth of nearly 1.2 million new enterprises per day in.2015. In 2016, China has added 1.5 million new enterprises. But the survival rate of China's new ventures is not high, 49.7% of the enterprises are less than 5 years, and only 17.7% of the enterprises have a life span of more than 10. Therefore, how to promote the continuous growth of new ventures and promote the promotion of competitive advantages of new ventures has become an important and urgent problem we need to solve urgently. Entrepreneurs, as founders and managers of new ventures, have an important role in the survival and development of new ventures, because they are the makers of the new enterprise strategy and the development of new ventures. Organizational behavior and organizational climate are the most important guides. From the perspective of entrepreneurs, it is an important research subject in the field of entrepreneurship and organization management to explore how entrepreneurs affect the organizational strategy, behavior and performance of new ventures. In the process of entrepreneurship under this uncertain environment, not only does the rational cognition of the entrepreneurs play an important role, but the irrational emotional factors also have a profound influence on the process of entrepreneurship. This paper analyzes the performance of the start-ups from two perspectives of cognition and emotion. The influence mechanism. Specifically, this paper explores the influence mechanism of the mean thinking and entrepreneurial passion of the entrepreneurs on the new ventures. The mean thinking is a cognitive style formed by the influence of Chinese traditional Confucian culture. It is a common cognitive style among the entrepreneurs of contemporary China. A strong and positive emotion is the key factor in the success of a business. The higher echelon theory provides a useful perspective for the study of this problem. The higher echelon theory points out that the individual characteristics of the entrepreneur (such as cognition and emotion) will affect organizational strategy or organizational behavior, and then affect organizational performance; and the high ladder team theory is also pointed out. It is pointed out that the strength of the entrepreneur's influence on the organization depends on the external environment factors and the entrepreneur's own factors. In addition, the psychological theory points out that cognition and emotion are two systems that exist simultaneously in the process of human information processing and decision making. Both of them interact on individual behavior and organizational behavior. Therefore, this article is based on higher order. The echelon theory and the cognitive affective interaction perspective, explore the influence mechanism of the moderation thinking and the entrepreneurial passion on the new enterprise performance, and explore the influence of the two interaction on the new enterprise. The theory and view of organizational innovation, human capital and social capital, environmental dynamics, and other theories and viewpoints are carried out from three aspects: (1) explore the mechanism of the influence of the mean thinking of the entrepreneur to the performance of the new enterprise, and analyze the intermediary role of the organizational relationship network and the adjustment function of the environment dynamics; (2) explore the entrepreneurial passion of the entrepreneurs to the new enterprise The mechanism of the impact of performance, the intermediary role of opportunity acquisition, and the role of the former industry experience and social capital of the entrepreneur; (3) explore the influence of the entrepreneurial passion and the mean thinking interaction on the organizational innovation and the new enterprise performance. Through these three studies, it reveals that the mediocre thinking and entrepreneurial passion of the entrepreneurs are to be revealed. The mechanism of the impact of new ventures and verification of the influence mechanism of the interaction between the mean thinking and the entrepreneurial passion on the new ventures. This paper takes the new ventures as the research object, through the questionnaire survey and the empirical research method, to use multiple regression to verify the hypothesis model. The basic conclusions of this paper are: (1) entrepreneur Zhong Yongsi It has a positive impact on the performance of the new enterprise, has a positive impact on the organizational relationship network, and the relationship between the mean thinking of the entrepreneur and the performance of the new enterprise. The relationship between the moderation thinking and the relationship network is regulated by the environment dynamics, the higher the technology is, the more middle thinking of the entrepreneur. The higher the market dynamics, the more weak the middle thinking of the entrepreneur has on the construction and maintenance of the new enterprise relationship network. (2) the entrepreneurial passion has a positive impact on the performance of the new enterprise, has a positive impact on the opportunity acquisition, and the opportunity to obtain the entrepreneurial passion of the complete intermediary entrepreneurs and the new enterprise performance. When the entrepreneur has no previous industry experience, the entrepreneurial passion has a significant impact on the opportunity acquisition, but when the entrepreneur has previous industry experience, the effect is not significant. The more the entrepreneur's social capital is, the stronger the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and opportunity acquisition. (3) the entrepreneurial passion for the organization The relationship between innovation and new enterprise performance has a positive effect. The relationship between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial performance is stronger. The stronger the middle thinking of entrepreneurs, the stronger the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and organizational innovation; the stronger the relationship between entrepreneurial passion and entrepreneurial performance. This study enriches the new research. The research on the influencing factors of enterprise performance has expanded the related research on organizational behavior and performance in the field of organizational strategy research. At the same time, it enriches the research on the influence mechanism of Chinese entrepreneurs' cognition and emotion on organizational strategy, behavior and performance in Chinese context, and expands the new entrepreneurs in the cognitive and emotional perspective. The conclusions of this study provide guidance for the entrepreneurs to increase the competitiveness of new ventures by cultivating mediocre thinking and entrepreneurial passion, and provide effective guidance for the government to promote the performance of new ventures.

【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F279.2

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