西部民族社区女性旅游精英的形成模式与角色影响

发布时间：2018-05-30 12:31

  本文选题：女性旅游精英 + 民族旅游社区　； 参考：《陕西师范大学》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：在西部民族乡村地区,旅游开发成为当地政府和社区寻求经济发展与社会转型的重要途径。当地社区居民们积极参与旅游,并在旅游接待中各显其能,随后他们中的部分人获得了超过其他成员的成功,并成长为旅游精英,这意味着旅游开发带来了民族社区内部社会结构的变化。值得关注的是,社区女性中也涌现出许多旅游精英,她们从社区旅游中获得发展机遇,并成为其中的关键参与者,她们同旅游发展之间存在积极互动关系。但以往旅游发展与目的地女性研究多将当地女性置于被动处境,本研究则强调女性作为独立个体的主观能动性,从积极参与的角度来探讨女性旅游精英在社区旅游开发背景下的如何形成和她们对外部产生的影响。研究旨在通过分析精英的旅游参与来提升社区整体的参与水平,探索女性旅游精英的形成进而促进社区本土精英的培育,探讨女性旅游精英在当地社会稳定和社区治理中的作用。研究的意义在于构建女性旅游精英问题的理论分析框架,探索民族旅游社区中女性发展和社区治理的有效途径,拓展旅游社会文化影响的研究视角,丰富相关实证研究。个体利用自身的优势资源,在一定社会环境下成长为精英,随后基于精英身份扮演特定角色,并作用于外部世界,同时也不可避免地受到外界的影响,因此,精英的形成与其影响是自我和外部群体相互作用的结果。本研究重点围绕“女性旅游精英如何形成?”、“她们在社区中扮演什么角色?”和“外部群体是否以及如何认同她们的精英身份?”3个问题来展开。首先,通过结合女性旅游精英的形成因素、类型及成长历程来探讨其形成模式问题;其次,通过分析她们所扮演的角色来探索其对于社区产生的影响;最后,利用他者的认同来检验女性旅游精英的身份,并评估她们的影响效果及影响力。具体来说,第1-3章介绍了研究背景,阐述了研究的目的与意义,梳理了研究的理论基础,并详细说明了研究设计;第4章探讨女性旅游精英的形成因素及其特殊性;第5章基于形成因素、不同类型女性旅游精英的成长历程来综合分析她们的形成模式;第6章聚焦于女性旅游精英在社区中扮演的角色;第7章探讨外部群体是否以及如何认同女性旅游精英的身份;第8章内容包括研究结论、实践启示、创新与反思。基于社会学的乡村精英理论和旅游领域的女性发展研究,作者界定了女性旅游精英的概念,并利用田野调查、扎根理论、内容分析和概念模型等方法展开分析。研究资料是实地调研所得的一手资料,抽样遵循扎根理论中的理论饱和逻辑,资料收集与分析过程同步进行。本文的主要研究结论如下:(1)西部民族社区女性旅游精英的形成不仅依靠传统乡村精英和旅游精英的形成因素,还受到民族文化、性别身份和家庭分工的影响,是社区旅游、个人能力及资源、民族文化、性别身份和家庭分工共同塑造的结果;(2)女性旅游精英可分为经济型、治理型、民族文化型和社区名片型,她们突破了男性主导的社区精英格局,但仍以非治理精英为主,并未进入社区权力的核心层;(3)女性旅游精英的形成模式可分为旅游参与成功和影响力积累两个核心阶段,且两个阶段间存在互动关系;(4)女性旅游精英在民族社区中同时扮演积极、消极和柔性角色,其影响集中在社区旅游、民族“女性”文化传承、女性与弱者就业及关怀等方面;(5)女性旅游精英通过为社区做出贡献赢得外部认同,进而积累个人影响力,但外部群体对其精英身份的评价与判断依然受到传统性别角色的制约。本研究的创新点如下:(1)构建了包括形成因素、类型与模式、角色与身份认同等内容在内的女性旅游精英理论分析框架,拓展了社区旅游与女性发展研究;(2)从女性主义视角出发,揭示了女性身份与特质在女性旅游精英的形成过程及其影响中的作用,有助于深入理解旅游开发背景下社会分层研究中的性别差异;(3)作者结合形成因素、类型分析、成长历程和社区旅游发展阶段等内容探讨了女性旅游精英的形成模式,并揭示出其中存在的时间和阶段特性,丰富了现有的社区精英形成研究。但本研究在研究对象选择的优化和样本结构的均衡方面还存在一些不足,作者在文中对此进行了反思。同时,作者认为对女性旅游精英案例的长期追踪研究和性别对比分析是未来值得关注的方向。
[Abstract]:In the western ethnic and rural areas, tourism development has become an important way for local governments and communities to seek economic development and social transformation. Local community residents are actively involved in tourism and are distinct in tourist reception. Then, some of them have gained more success than other members and become tourism elites, which means tourism. The development has brought about the changes in the social structure within the ethnic community. It is worth paying attention to the emergence of many tourism elites among the community women. They get the opportunity for development from the community tourism and become the key participants. There is a positive interaction between them and the development of tourism. The local women are placed in a passive position. This study emphasizes the subjective initiative of women as independent individuals. From the perspective of active participation, this study explores the formation of female tourism elites in the context of community tourism development and their external impact. The purpose of this study is to promote the participation of the elite in the community by analyzing the participation of the elite. To explore the formation of female tourism elite and promote the cultivation of local elite in community, and to explore the role of female tourism elite in local social stability and community governance. The significance of this study is to build a theoretical framework for the problem of female tourism elites and explore effective ways of female development and community governance in ethnic tourism communities. The research perspective of expanding the social and cultural impact of tourism, enriches the relevant empirical research. The individual uses its own advantages to grow into an elite in a certain social environment, and then plays a specific role based on the elite identity, and acts on the external world, and is inevitably influenced by the outside world. Therefore, the formation and influence of the elite are self - affecting. The results of interaction between me and the external group. This study focuses on "how does the female tourism elite form?", "what role do they play in the community?" and "do external groups and how to identify their elite identity?" first, through the formation of the factors, types and growth of the female tourism elite. The course explores the problem of its formation pattern; secondly, it explores the impact on the community by analyzing the roles they play. Finally, the identity of the others is used to test the identity of the female tourism elite and to evaluate their impact and influence. In particular, chapter 1-3 introduces the research background and expounds the purpose of the study. Significance, combing the theoretical basis of the study, and detailed description of the research design; the fourth chapter discusses the formation and particularity of the female tourism elite; the fifth chapter is based on the formation factors, the growth of different types of female tourism elites to analyze their formation model comprehensively; the sixth chapter focuses on the corner of the female tourism elite in the community. The seventh chapter discusses whether the external group and how to identify the identity of the female tourism elite; the eighth chapter includes the research conclusions, the practical enlightenment, the innovation and the reflection. The author defines the concept of the female tourism essence and the development of women based on the sociological rural elite theory and the tourism field. The analysis and conceptual model are analyzed. The research data are one hand data from the field investigation. The sampling follows the theoretical saturation logic in the grounded theory and the data collection and analysis process synchronizes. The main conclusions of this paper are as follows: (1) the formation of the female travel elite in the Western Ethnic community depends not only on the traditional rural elite and brigade. The formation factor of the elite is influenced by national culture, gender identity and family division, which is the result of community tourism, individual ability and resources, national culture, gender identity and family division. (2) female tourism elite can be divided into economic, governance, national culture and community business card, which break through male dominant The community elite pattern, however, is still dominated by non governance elite, and does not enter the core layer of community power; (3) the formation pattern of female tourism elite can be divided into two core stages of the success of tourism participation and the accumulation of influence, and there is an interactive relationship between the two stages; (4) the female travel elite plays a positive, negative and flexible role in the ethnic community at the same time. Role, its impact on community tourism, ethnic "female" cultural heritage, women and the weak employment and care, and other aspects; (5) female tourism elite by making contributions to the community to win external identification, and then accumulate personal influence, but the external group's evaluation and judgment of its elite status is still restricted by the traditional gender role. The innovative points of the study are as follows: (1) the theoretical analysis framework of female tourism elites, including factors, types and patterns, roles and identity, has been constructed, and the study of community tourism and female development has been expanded. (2) from the feminist perspective, the formation process of female identity and characteristics in the female tourism elite and its shadow are revealed. The role of ringing helps to understand the gender differences in the social stratification research under the background of tourism development. (3) the author probes into the formation mode of female tourism elite in combination with the factors of formation, type analysis, growth process and the development stage of community tourism, and reveals the characteristics of the time and stage of the existence, enriching the existing society. There are still some deficiencies in the optimization of the selection of the subjects and the balance of the structure of the sample, and the author rethinks in this study. At the same time, the author believes that the long-term follow-up study and gender analysis of the female tourism elite are the direction of concern in the future.
【学位授予单位】：陕西师范大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F592.7
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本文编号：1955311