中国信息服务业集聚效应研究

发布时间：2018-01-07 09:20

  本文关键词：中国信息服务业集聚效应研究　出处：《吉林大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

  更多相关文章： 信息服务业 产业集聚 全要素生产率 集聚效应 门槛效应 溢出效应

【摘要】：信息服务业是信息技术转化为生产力的客观条件,是经济发展和社会进步的重要保障,因其科技含量高且渗透性强的特点,该产业已经渐渐成为经济发展的倍增器和推进器,也是许多国家级地区实现产业升级和结构调整的突破口。在中国经济的“新常态”下,信息服务业不仅成为新的经济增长点,而且成为较热的投资点。经济的发展离不开信息的快速传递,信息服务业和信息化水平也要受到经济发展条件的制约。国民经济发展客观上要求信息服务业与社会经济建立协调发展的模式,并不断进行优势互补,协调创新才能使整个社会经济及信息服务业发展达到最优化效果。本文在研究中国信息服务业集聚的过程中,发现集聚对信息服务业本身存在推进效果,但对于区域经济却呈现负向影响;为深究其原因本文进一步选用全要素生产率(Total Factor Productivity)来反映产业效率的状况,研究信息服务业的集聚效应及影响因素作用机理。全要素生产率是指总产出中不能由资本、劳动等有形生产要素投入所解释的“剩余”,即在有形生产要素投入水平既定的条件下,产业所达到的额外的生产效率。全要素生产率的来源包括技术创新、组织创新、管理创新等。在新常态下,信息服务业的增长仅依靠资本和劳动等有形生产要素投入拉动方式是难以持续的。可以说,提高全要素生产率是新常态信息服务业实现可持续发展的动力源,能够有效地提升信息服务的发展质量。在产业集聚区内信息技术流动会以较低的成本溢出和扩散,集聚优势的作用也会促进共生技术集成和产学研协同创新,但是产业集聚是否促进了中国信息服务业全要素生产率的提升?产业集聚对中国信息服务业全要素生产率是如何产生影响的?产业集聚对中国信息服务业全要素生产率是否存在门槛特征?是否有空间溢出现象?通过研究上述问题,可以更清楚地认识中国信息服务业发展变化状况,为实现中国信息服务业有质量的经济增长,产业转型升级提供依据。围绕上述问题,本文研究的主要内容总结如下:第一,中国信息服务业产业集聚状况及其经济效应无论从静态集聚指标的计算结果还是动态的计量结果都可以得出,中国信息服务业的发展已经呈现集聚状态,从集聚的变化过程来看,信息服务业集聚呈现出主动的、相互合作的、由目标集聚优势向多方面协同集聚的动态过程;从信息服务业集聚对产业本体经济的影响来看,中国经济发展较快的省份通过集合要素与信息资源优势,提高了本经济体可用的先天资源与信息方面的优势。产业集聚对信息服务业经济的影响呈现威廉姆森倒“U”型,而且从总体效果来看信息服务业集聚的影响处于倒“U”型的左侧,在一定时期内对信息经济仍将表现为积极的正向影响;中国的信息服务业集聚对相应区域经济的影响表现为线性负相关,说明信息服务业的迅速集聚带来区域内资源过快集合,区域经济体还没能及时吸纳,因此初期往往易于形成离散,需要逐步实现外部优势的内部化和持续的积累以支配自身的集聚优势,同时经济体不能仅限于利用优势,还需要不断内化和再创新以实现优势再造。第二,信息服务业的全要素生产率变动状况依据信息服务业全要素生产率的计算结果,索洛余值法反映的是全要素生产率绝对数量的变化,数据包络分析法测量的是全要素生产率相对技术变化的前沿面,二者分别从不同角度诠释了中国信息服务业全要素生产率的变化,但总体趋于一致。在研究时间内各省的全要素增长率均在互联网迅速普及的时间段内(2009-2011年)呈现跨越式增长,随后的时期里渐渐呈现缓慢并伴有下减趋势的走向,2013-2014年略有上升趋势。分省份变化来看,效率领先的区域仍位于经济相对发达的沿海地区,在期初迅速走高后,但后期有放缓趋势;发展紧随其后的中部地区变化的波动范围不大,而且在后期有较强的追赶态势;相比之下西部地区除四川重庆外,整体落后明显,信息服务业有待积极发展。第三,产业集聚对中国信息服务业全要素生产率增长的影响程度依据面板数据全要素生产率分析的影响因素实证结果,信息服务业集聚明显已经呈现过度的态势,集聚优势作用亟待发挥;中国信息服务业全要素生产率的增加在相当长的一段时期内仍将依赖性于外部投资的拉动,并且信息服务企业相对来讲也过于集中,效率发挥与地区的受教育水平不同步;城市化经济的发展程度与信息服务业效率增长发展同步,表明现阶段信息服务业服务的效率发展水平并没有发挥其渗透作用,综合来看中国信息服务业的发展并未展现其应有的拓展力,应在现有的基础上拓宽产业融合,促进技术更新。第四,产业集聚对中信息服务业全要素生产率影响的门槛效应从集聚对信息服务业效率的门槛效应来看,大多数影响因素存在双门槛,集聚优势的动态作用有待发挥,信息服务技术相对较低的地区在一定时间内仍然通过调节各项环境因素来促进该地区行业效率;而技术较高地区则在不同程度上表现为受环境要素的限制,进而呈现负向作用。要达到整体效率的进步,适当的技术溢出是有效的途径之一,但技术溢出能否发生依赖于技术接受方所拥有技术承接能力和劳动力状况。当局部地区的吸纳能力满足一定的门槛条件时,相应的技术溢出才可能发生。第五,产业集聚对中国信息服务业全要素生产率影响的空间溢出效应从空间自相关检验来看,中国信息服务全要素生产率呈现空间集聚。空间集聚大致阶段为:首先以先进地区为中心发展,到区域间无领导的均衡发展,再重回以先进地区技术提升为中心发展。从空间面板模型估计结果来看,中国信息服务全要素生产量的空间溢出效应主要来源于邻近地区信息服务业的误差冲击对本地区信息服务业行为的影响。信息服务业集聚的空间溢出效应整体上增加了信息服务业的吸收能力,但是抑制了处于前列的区域的集聚优势,使其处于“被吸收”的状态。空间溢出效应充分反映了信息服务业集聚优势的动态转移过程,集聚优势本质是区域经济体首先获得优势的可利用,然后通过积累和内生性转化不断增强对优势的支配力,最终进一步再创新和升级。中国发达地区的信息服务业凭借其要素禀赋优势在一段时期内形成了信息服务资源的集聚优势,但是信息服务业作为科技类产业,需要以主动、积极的态度有目标、有重点地参与集聚优势合作,并在合作中促进产业升级。同时有利的空间政策导向可以引导要素流动,以影响信息服务产业的区位选择,使得经济外部性内部化,减少产业发展的空间不平衡程度。
[Abstract]:The information service industry is the information technology into the objective conditions of productivity, is an important guarantee for economic development and social progress, because of its high technology content and high permeability, the industry has gradually become the economic development of the multiplier and a propeller, a breakthrough for industrial upgrading and structural adjustment but also many national regions. In the China economy the "new normal", not only the information service industry has become a new economic growth point, and become a hot investment. Rapid economic development cannot do without the transfer of information, control information service industry and the level of information is subject to the conditions of economic development. The development of the national economy objectively requires the information service industry and social economy the establishment of coordinated development mode, and continuously carry out complementary advantages, coordinated innovation to keep the social economy and the development of information service industry to achieve the optimization effect. Based on the research The process of China information service industry agglomeration, agglomeration of information service industry found itself to promote the effect, but for the regional economy has a negative impact; the real reason for further selection of total factor productivity (Total Factor Productivity) to reflect the efficiency of the industry, agglomeration effect and influence factors of the mechanism of information service industry. The total factor productivity refers to the total output not by capital, labor and other tangible input of production factors to explain the "surplus", namely in the physical production inputs level established conditions, additional production efficiency achieved by industry. Sources of TFP including technological innovation, organizational innovation, management innovation and so on. Under the new norm, the information service industry growth depends only on capital and labor and other tangible way of stimulating the input of production factors is difficult to sustain. It can be said that the improvement of total factor students Yield is the power source to realize the sustainable development of the new normal development of information service industry, can effectively improve the quality of information service. In the information technology industry agglomeration area will flow to lower the cost of overflow and diffusion, the effect of agglomeration advantages will promote symbiotic technology integration and research collaborative innovation, but the industrial agglomeration can promote the the total factor productivity Chinese information service industry promotion? Chinese information service industry industrial agglomeration on the total factor productivity is how to affect industrial agglomeration? The existence of threshold characteristics of China information service industry TFP? Whether spatial spillover phenomenon? Through the study of the problem, can have a better understanding of China information service industry development status in order to realize the quality change, China information service industry economic growth, industrial restructuring and upgrading. Provide the basis for the above-mentioned problems, this research main Contents are summarized as follows: first, Chinese information service industry agglomeration status and economic effects from both the static calculation results of agglomeration index or dynamic measurement results can be obtained, the development of Chinese information service industry has shown a gathering state, from the agglomeration process of change, showing the active information service industry agglomeration, mutual cooperation the target by agglomeration advantages in many aspects to collaborative dynamic process of agglomeration; agglomeration effect on industrial economy from the ontology of information service industry, the rapid economic development of Chinese provinces through the collection of information resource advantage factors and improve the channel, the congenital resource and information economy available. The advantages of industrial agglomeration effect of economic information the service industry shows Williamson inverted "U" type and influence, from the overall point of view of information service industry agglomeration in the inverted "U" on the left side of the Period of information economy will still show positive effects; Chinese information service industry agglomeration effect on the economic performance for the corresponding region of negative linear correlation, the rapid accumulation of information service industry that brings regional resources excessive collection of regional economies also failed to absorb, so the initial tend to form discrete. The need to achieve the internal and external advantages gradually continued to accumulate to dominate the agglomeration economies at the same time, not only the advantage, also need to constantly internalize and re innovation to realize the advantages of recycling. Second, the calculation results of total factor productivity of information service industry TFP change status according to the information service industry, the Solow residual method reflects the changes of total factor productivity in the absolute number, data envelopment analysis measurement is the frontier of TFP relative technical change, two points Not from different angles interpretation of the changes of total factor productivity Chinese information service industry, but the overall consistency. Time in time on the TFP growth rate in the rapid spread of the Internet in the (2009-2011) showed a leapfrog growth period, then gradually slow and with a decreasing trend towards. 2013-2014 a slight upward trend. The provinces of the region is still in the efficiency of leading the economy is relatively developed coastal areas, in the beginning of the period to rise rapidly, but later a slowdown trend; the fluctuation range of development followed the change in central region by little, but also catch up with the trend was stronger in the late stage; in contrast except the western region Sichuan Chongqing, the overall backward obviously, the information service industry to actively develop. Third, industrial agglomeration effect of growth on the China information service industry TFP degree according to panel data According to the empirical results to analyze the influencing factors of total factor productivity, has obvious over the trend of information service industry agglomeration, agglomeration advantages to play a role; the total factor productivity China information service industry increased in quite a long period of time will remain dependent on external investment, and information service enterprises is relatively concentrated the efficiency, and regional education level are not synchronized; city economic growth efficiency and the development level of information service industry development synchronization, indicate the service information at this stage of service industry development level and efficiency has not played its permeability, the whole development of China information service industry did not demonstrate its development. We should broaden the on the basis of the existing industrial integration, promote technological upgrading. Fourth. The effect of industrial agglomeration on information service industry TFP threshold effect from agglomeration The threshold effect on the efficiency of information service industry, the most influencing factors exist double threshold, dynamic role to play the advantages of agglomeration, information service technology was relatively low in the region in a certain period of time still by adjusting environmental factors to promote the efficiency of the industry and high technology area; area in different degrees of performance is affected by environmental factors the restrictions, which has a negative effect. In order to achieve the overall efficiency of progress, technology spillover right is one of the effective methods, but the technology spillover depends on whether the technology acceptance have to undertake technical ability and ability to absorb labor force status. When the local area meets a certain threshold conditions, corresponding to the technology spillover possible. Fifth, the spillover effect of industrial agglomeration effect on the Chinese information service industry total factor productivity from the spatial autocorrelation test, in the letter The TFP showed spatial agglomeration. The spatial agglomeration stage is roughly: the first to advanced development area as the center, no leadership to a balanced development between regions, and then return to the area to promote advanced technology as the center of development. From the estimated spatial panel model results, influence the behavior of spatial spillover effects China total factor production information service the main source of error in the information service industry in regions adjacent to the impact on the local information service industry. The spillover effect of information service industry of the overall increase in the absorption ability of the information service industry, but suppressed in the forefront of the regional agglomeration advantages, which is "absorbed" state. The spillover effect fully reflects the dynamic transfer of information service industry agglomeration advantages, agglomeration advantages is the essence of regional economy first advantage can be used, and then through the accumulation and Endogenous conversion to increasing dominance dominance, finally further innovation and upgrading. China developed areas of information service industry with its comparative advantage in a period of time the formation of agglomeration advantages of information service resources, but the information service industry as the tech industry, need to actively, is a positive attitude, participation the advantage of agglomeration to focus on cooperation, in cooperation and promote industrial upgrading. At the same time, space policy favorable can guide the flow of factors, the effect of information service industry location, so that the internal economic externality, reducing the space industry development level.

【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F49
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本文编号：1391943