农产品透明供应链关键技术及其应用研究

发布时间：2018-01-12 05:22

本文关键词：农产品透明供应链关键技术及其应用研究　出处：《中国农业大学》2017年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着我国人民收入与生活水平的不断提高,对农产品的消费观念正在发生着巨大的变化,从过去关注农产品价格逐步转向关注农产品品质与营养等附加价值。但是由于农产品质量安全事件的频发,再加上农产品供应链信息的不对称,导致消费者无法对优质农产品建立信心,农产品优质优价更无从谈起。优质农产品生产者、经营者与消费者之间的有效互动与供应链信息共享对推动优质农产品供应链生态的良性发展有重要意义。本文以改善农产品供求平衡与产消信任关系,帮助优质农产品实现优价为目标,提出了"农产品透明供应链"的概念,为生产者提供便捷的供应链信息化管理工具,为经营者提供优质产能媒合信息,为消费者提供全程参与农产品供应链的渠道。对实现农产品透明供应链的关键技术问题进行调研分析后,以"农产品供应链异构数据存储与共享"、"面向多业态多用户的农产品供应链管理"、"主观认知下的产销媒合模型"、"面向消费者的参与式体验"等四项关键技术为研究对象开展了以下工作:1)针对农产品供应链多元异构数据存储与共享问题,以农业大数据在农情监测、精准农业等领域的应用经验为依据,开展了农产品供应链元数据描述标准的研究工作,对农产品供应链的数据来源与组成进行了归类。对比分析了目前国内外常用的元数据描述方法与适用领域,在Dublin Core的基础上,设计了基础元数据+扩展元数据的农产品供应链元数据标准,对农产品供应链异构数据实现了统一描述;在数据存储方面,对常用数据存储策略进行了对比分析,选择了适合农产品供应链数据特点的存储策略实现供应链多元异构数据的存储:最后结合农产品供应链不同参与主体对数据共享的需求,在元数据标准的支撑下,研究了 RSET服务构架与JSON结合解决农产品供应链数据在各个参与主体间的共享的问题。2)针对当前国内农产品供应链管理中信息化应用存在的个性化响应难,扩展性差以及建设成本高,推广应用难等问题,开展了面向多业态多用户的低成本供应链信息化管理服务的研究工作,通过大量实际调研,对不同业态下农产品供应链管理共性需求与多用户间的个性化需求进行了提炼,抽象形成了一系列供应链过程管理通用业务组件模型,在此基础上利用云组件技术建立了新农场农产品供应链管理服务平台,不同农业企业结合自身实际情况,通过组件的搭配可以快速形成量身定制的农产品供应链管理系统,业务间的松耦合与组件共享很好的解决了灵活性与建设成本高的问题,同时,个性化组件的长期积累下能够不断丰富平台资源,扩展平台面向多业态、多用户的服务能力。3)针对当前农产品产销对接仅是供求信息发布,缺乏定向媒合,产销双方媒合准确率低的问题,开展了优质农产品产销媒合模型构建及其在B2B模式下的应用研究。比较分析互联网领域常用的媒合方法,在层次分析理论的基础上,结合经营方对优质农产品的主观认知设计了产销媒合模型;构建了汇聚优质产能与渠道需求的优质农产品清分中心,根据B2B模式下模型在实际媒合过程中遇到的一对多匹配需求,对模型进行了改进,在农产品供应链履历数据的支撑下,一定程度解决了优势经营渠道与优质农产品衔接的问题。4)针对产消双方信息交互困难,信任缺失的问题,对农产品众筹、社区支持农场两种当前优质农产品新型生产经营模式在提高消费端体验与促进产销双方信任建立方面的优点与不足进行了剖析,结合移动互联技术开发了面向消费端的农产品透明供应链系统。在农产品供应链数据中心的支撑下,通过全程履历与实时参与两种面向消费者的信息共享模式,为消费者提供一个不受时间和地域限制,随时能够了解优质农产品的供应链过程并能与生产者进行交流的渠道,通过拉近产消双方距离,解决消费端对优质农产品的认可与信任的问题。5)为了验证本文的研究成果,联合京郊种植、养殖等不同业态的优质农产品生产企业以及海尔云厨、首农集团等优势的农产品经营企业对本文的研究成果开展了集成应用示范,结合实际应用的效果与发现的不足对下一步的研究工作提供宝贵的经验与明确的方向。
[Abstract]:As the Chinese people's income and living standards continue to improve, the agricultural products consumption concept is undergoing tremendous changes, from the past focus on the price of agricultural products gradually turned to focus on the quality of agricultural products and nutrition value. But because of the frequent security incidents of agricultural product quality, coupled with the asymmetry of the agricultural products supply chain information. Causes the consumer confidence on the quality of agricultural products, agricultural products of high quality can be achieved. High quality agricultural products between producers, operators and consumers to interact effectively with information sharing in supply chain has important significance to promote healthy development of high-quality agricultural products supply chain. To improve the ecological balance of supply and demand of agricultural products and the production and consumption of the trust, help high quality agricultural products to achieve quality as the goal, put forward the concept of "transparent supply chain of agricultural products, supply chain management information system is convenient for the producer To provide quality, capacity matching information for operators to provide full participation in the agricultural products supply chain channel for consumers. Research and analysis of key technology problems of agricultural products to achieve transparent supply chain, the supply chain of agricultural products in heterogeneous data storage and sharing "," agricultural products supply chain management for multi format multi user. "Marketing matchmaking model" subjective cognition, "four key technologies for consumer participation experience" as the research object to carry out the following work: 1) to solve the problem of agricultural products supply chain and sharing multiple heterogeneous data storage, with big data in agricultural crop monitoring, precision agriculture and other areas of application experience as the basis, the research work carried out in the supply chain of agricultural products metadata description standard, data source and composition of the supply chain of agricultural products are classified. By comparative analysis of the current metadata description method commonly used at home and abroad and Application based on Dublin, Core on the supply chain of agricultural products based on metadata standard design metadata + extended metadata, heterogeneous data on the supply chain of agricultural products to achieve a unified description; in the aspect of data storage, the storage strategy of common data were compared and analyzed, selection of storage strategies for data characteristics of the supply chain of agricultural products the supply chain multi heterogeneous data storage: finally, the supply chain of agricultural products in different subject to the needs of data sharing, metadata standard in support, the RSET services framework combined with JSON to solve the agricultural products supply chain data in each participating.2 sharing problem between subjects) according to the existing domestic agricultural informatization product supply chain management in response to the individual difficult, poor scalability and high cost of construction, application and other difficult issues, to carry out multi format multi user oriented Study on the low cost of the supply chain information management services, through a lot of practical research, demand for personalized management of the common demand of agricultural products supply chain under different formats and among many users were refined abstract form a series of supply chain process management general business component model, based on the use of cloud component technology and established a new farm the agricultural products supply chain management service platform, different agricultural enterprises with their own actual situation, through the component collocation can quickly form the agricultural products supply chain management system tailored, good flexibility and solves the problem of high cost of construction, loose coupling between services and components sharing at the same time, the long-term accumulation of individual components can be continuously enriched platform resources, extension platform for multi format, multi user service capabilities of.3) for the current agricultural production and marketing docking is only the supply and demand information, The lack of directional matching, both production and sales between the problem of low accuracy in the high quality production and marketing of agricultural products between the model and its application in B2B mode. The comparative analysis between the commonly used methods of Internet domain, based on the analytic hierarchy process, combined with the operation of subjective cognition of high quality agricultural products design production matching model; the construction of high-quality production capacity and convergence of the channel demand of high-quality agricultural products distribution center, according to the B2B model in the process of matching met in the actual one to many matching requirements of model was improved, the record data of agricultural products supply chain support, to a certain extent to solve the advantages of business channels and high-quality agricultural products convergence problem.4) for both production and consumption information exchange difficulty, lack of trust, of agricultural products to raise the public, community support farms currently two types of high-quality agricultural products to the new mode of production and operation The increase in the consumption experience and promote the establishment of mutual trust and the advantages and disadvantages are analyzed, the agricultural products supply chain system with transparent mobile Internet technology developed for the consumer side. In the data center of agricultural products supply chain support, through the whole history and real time to participate in the two consumer oriented information sharing mode provide a time and geographical restrictions for consumers, can understand the supply chain process of high-quality agricultural products and can communicate with the producers of the channel, through the distance between the two sides closer to production and consumption, consumer side of recognition and trust quality of agricultural products of.5) in order to validate the research results, combined with the planting high quality agricultural products, aquaculture and other production enterprises in different formats, and Haier cloud kitchen, the first agricultural groups and other advantages of agricultural products enterprises on the results of this study should be carried out in a It provides valuable experience and clear direction for the next research work with the demonstration, the effect of practical application and the deficiency of the discovery.

【学位授予单位】：中国农业大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：F326.6

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