中国技术引进与工业结构优化

发布时间：2018-02-05 21:02

本文关键词： 技术引进工业结构优化全要素生产率自主创新东西部地区　出处：《兰州大学》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：对后发国家而言,技术引进与工业结构优化历来十分重要。技术引进是后发国家技术进步的重要途径,而工业结构优化则是后发国家经济发展的重要动力。技术引进强调消化吸收再创新。有别于日本、韩国的崛起,大部分后发国家技术引进的现实是引进易、吸收难、再创新更难。近年来,各国就“自主创新是一国发展的核心动能”业已达成广泛共识,“引进还未成功,创新如何进行”成为摆在许多后发国家经济增长和科技发展的现实难题。对于我国来说,技术引进虽然在经济增长中一贯发挥着积极作用,但是却远没有达到预期的效果,也存在着上述问题。在结构性改革与经济增长逐渐放缓的背景下,中央政府在“十三五”规划中建议以“创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享”为主线,明确指出创新是经济发展的第一驱动力。随着我国创新驱动战略的推行,工业经济增长更加注重结构优化的作用,传统的要素驱动模式逐步向效率驱动和创新驱动转变。面对经济新常态,技术引进又在工业结构优化中扮演了怎样的角色?创新驱动下,我国工业发展的动力转换在方向上更加强调自主创新的首要地位。在与自主创新的博弈中,技术引进对我国工业结构优化是否仍然重要?技术引进对工业结构优化的影响是否具有新特点,区域和行业特征又是怎样?带着这些问题,本文展开研究。第一章为绪论,主要目的在于阐明研究目的,交代研究背景,介绍研究方法与思路。第二章为理论基础与文献综述,主要是对已有研究(包括理论和文献)进行回顾,说明本文的理论依据和研究重要性。第三章是对后发国家技术引进与工业结构优化关系的初步研究,通过归纳总结日本和韩国在技术引进与工业结构优化中的成功经验,对技术引进与工业结构优化的关系作出初步判断:后发国家可以通过技术引进不断优化本国工业结构,技术引进的最终目的是为了向自主创新转变。第四章是对技术引进与工业结构优化关系机理的理论分析,通过埃奇沃思盒状图、罗伯津斯基定理以及全要素生产率与技术引进途径多角度的理论阐述对技术引进与工业结构优化的关系作出进一步判断:后发国家技术引进与工业结构优化是相互作用的;在后发国家技术引进与工业结构优化的关系中,技术引进对工业结构优化的影响更为重要。第五章是中国技术引进与工业结构优化的演进历程的数据性回顾,通过图表式描述与时空变异分析,对中国技术引进与工业结构优化的关系作出相对直观的判断:技术引进对中国工业结构优化具有影响,二者在方向上存在着一致性和协同性,在效果上存在着正向关联。此外,结合第三章的内容,提出了一些仍然存在于我国技术引进与工业结构优化中的问题。第六章是中国技术引进优化工业结构的实证研究,采用空间Durbin模型从整体上检验技术引进对工业结构优化的影响;SUR估计和效用函数从区域层面分析技术引进在东西部地区工业结构优化中的作用差异;FMOLS估计与直接消耗系数、影响力系数测算从行业层面讨论不同技术水平与产业关联属性部门的技术引进对工业结构优化的影响。实证研究表明,技术引进与工业结构优化均具有空间属性,技术引进对我国工业结构优化具有长期促进作用;技术引进在推动我国工业结构优化的进程中仍十分重要,其对工业结构优化的影响存在着地区差异性,这种影响在西部地区更加显著;技术引进在技术水平较高和产业关联性较强的部门能够发挥出更大的作用;与技术引进投入相比,消化吸收投入对于工业结构优化具有更重要的作用,应当予以足够的重视。第七章是结论与政策建议,主要是对全文的研究工作作出归纳,得出结论;根据可能存在的问题、理论结论与实证结论三方面内容给出对应的政策建议,明确只有结合技术引进与工业结构优化的自主创新道路才是中国特色的自主创新道路;最后,提出研究展望,说明本文的延展方向。全文采用了文献分析、规范分析、实证分析和比较分析的方法。可能的创新在于从理论上拓展了埃奇沃思盒状图与罗伯津斯基定理关于技术引进与工业结构优化关系机理的描述;实证中使用多种模型互补研究,在因变量设计上采用多角度考量,既选择了静态变量度量工业结构优化,也选择了动态变量度量工业结构优化,既分开考察了工业结构的合理化与高度化,也综合分析了工业结构的合理化与高级化;方法上使用了图表式描述、时空变异分析,并将效用论融入研究;逻辑上设计了五步骤的实证分析,通过相关数据的依次估计和测算可以得出具有层次和实际价值的具体结论。本文的研究有利于进一步拓展和丰富技术引进与工业结构优化的相关理论;为设计更具中国特色的自主创新道路提供理论依据和具体思路;利于政府、企业判断和把握区域及行业发展形势,制定切实可行的发展策略;促使今后我国技术引进与工业结构优化进一步合理匹配。
[Abstract]:For developing countries, technology introduction and optimization of industrial structure has always been very important. The introduction of technology is an important way of developing countries and technological progress, industrial structure optimization is an important driving force for national economic development. After the introduction of technology absorption and innovation. That is different from Japan, South Korea's rise, most of the developing countries the reality is the introduction of technology introduction, absorption and innovation is difficult, more difficult. In recent years, the "independent innovation is the core of the kinetic energy" of a country's development has reached a broad consensus, "the introduction is not successful, how to carry out the innovation of" becoming reality problem in many countries economic growth after the development of science and technology for. In China, although the introduction of technology has always played a positive role in economic growth, but it is far from the expected, there are also the problems. Gradually on the structural reform and economic growth Slow in the background, the central government in the "13th Five-Year" planning advice to the "innovation, harmony, green, open, sharing" as the main line, clearly pointed out that innovation is the first driving force of economic development. With the implementation of China's innovation drive strategy, industrial structure optimization and economic growth to pay more attention to the role of traditional factors driving mode to efficiency driven and innovation driven change. Facing the new economic norm, the introduction of technology and in the optimization of industrial structure plays a kind of role? Innovation driven power industry development in our country the conversion more primacy in the direction of adjustment of independent innovation and independent innovation. In the game, the introduction of technology on the structure the optimization of China's industry is still important? Whether technology importation has new features of optimization of industrial structure, industry and regional characteristics and how? With these questions, this paper studies the first chapter. The main purpose is to clarify the purpose of the study, explain the research background, introduces the research methods and ideas. The second chapter is the theoretical basis and literature review, mainly on the existing research (including the theory and literature review), illustrate the theoretical basis and research significance. The third chapter is about the developing country technology introduction and preliminary study the relationship between the industrial structure optimization, through summing up successful experience of Japan and South Korea in the introduction of technology and industrial structure optimization, the relationship between technology introduction and optimization of industrial structure and make a preliminary judgment: the developing countries can be through the introduction of technology to optimize its industrial structure, the ultimate goal is to shift to the introduction of technology independent innovation fourth. Chapter of technology introduction and industrial structure optimization mechanism of the theoretical analysis, through the Edgeworth box diagram, Rybczynski theorem and the total factor productivity With the introduction of technology approach to multi angle theory further judgment on the relationship between technology introduction and optimization of industrial structure of developing countries: technology introduction and optimization of industrial structure is the interaction between countries; technology introduction in developing and optimization of industrial structure, the introduction of technology impact on the optimization of industrial structure is more important. The fifth chapter is Chinese technology introduction and data evolution of industrial structure optimization and the chart review, through the description and analysis of spatial and temporal variation of Chinese, the relationship between technology introduction and industrial structure optimization to make relatively intuitive judgment: the introduction of technology has influence on the optimization of industrial structure China, two there are consistency and coordination in the direction. In effect, there is a positive association. In addition, with the content of the third chapter, some still exist in China's technology introduction and industrial structure optimization problems. The sixth chapter is an empirical study on the optimization of industrial structure of the imported technology Chinese, using spatial Durbin model from the overall inspection technology introduction effect on industrial structure optimization; SUR estimation and the utility function from the regional level analysis technology introduced in the optimization of industrial structure in the east by the difference; FMOLS estimation and direct consumption coefficient, influence coefficient to discuss the effect of different level of technology and industry sectors associated attributes of technology import to optimize the industrial structure from the industry level. The empirical study shows that technology introduction and optimization of industrial structure with spatial attributes, introduction of technology has long-term effect on industrial structure optimization in China; the introduction of technology in promoting China's industrial structure optimization in the process is still very it is important, there are regional differences of industrial structure optimization, this effect is more significant in the western region; technology import To play a greater role in technology to high level and strong industrial relevance department; compared with the introduction of technology investment, digestion and absorption of investment has a more important role in optimizing the industrial structure, should be paid enough attention to. The seventh chapter is the conclusion and policy recommendations, if the main work of this dissertation sums up the conclusion.; according to the possible problems, the theoretical conclusion and three aspects of the corresponding policy recommendations, clearly only the combination of technology introduction and optimization of the industrial structure of the road of independent innovation is the road of independent innovation China characteristics; finally, puts forward the prospect of research, illustrate the extension direction of this thesis. The thesis use the literature analysis, normative analysis. The empirical analysis and comparative analysis method. The possible innovation is theoretically extended Edgeworth boxplots and Rybczynski theorem about technology introduction With the industrial structure optimization mechanism is described; using a variety of empirical research complementary model, the dependent variable is designed using multi angle considerations, choose the static variable metric optimization of industrial structure, but also choose the dynamic variable metric optimization of industrial structure, both separately investigated the rationalization of industrial structure and height, also comprehensive analysis the rationalization of industrial structure and the advanced method; using graphic description, analysis of spatial and temporal variation, and will be integrated into the study of utility theory; logical design empirical analysis of five steps, through the relevant data in order to estimate and measure can draw specific conclusions with the level and practical value. This paper is helpful to to further expand and enrich the theory of technology introduction and optimization of industrial structure; provide theoretical basis and specific ideas for the road of independent innovation design more Chinese characteristics to the government, The enterprises should identify and grasp the regional and industrial development situation, formulate feasible development strategies, and promote the further matching of technology import and industrial structure optimization in China.

【学位授予单位】：兰州大学
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F424

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