我国知识产权公共服务中的政府支出责任研究

发布时间：2018-03-19 11:24

本文选题：知识产权　切入点：公共服务　出处：《中国财政科学研究院》2016年博士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：创新驱动发展是世界经济发展的必然趋势。中国正进入建设创新型国家的关键时期。资源、环境、产能过剩等瓶颈凸显,创新驱动发展既是形势所迫,又是构建创新型国家的必由之路。知识是创新驱动中最核心的因素,知识产权日益成为国家发展的战略性资源和国际竞争力的核心要素,知识产权发展是创新驱动的关键途径和手段。自2008年《国家知识产权战略》颁布后,知识产权得到了一定程度发展：知识产权法律法规日臻完善、知识产权创造和运用能力大幅度提升、知识产权保护水平不断提高、知识产权建设的社会环境明显改善、全社会知识产权意识明显增强。但与之相伴的是：知识产权创造“大而不强,多而不优”、成果转化率和产业化率较低、区域知识产权发展不平衡、知识产权国际化程度低等情况长期存在。知识产权发展需要依靠全社会的力量来推动,政府是实现知识产权发展的重要力量。在市场失灵环节,需要政府进行干预,其中,公共服务是重要手段。在知识产权创造、运用、保护、管理和服务等环节,需要政府为知识产权发展提供良好的制度和公共物品等供给。政府通过提供公共服务,履行支出责任,对推动知识产权发展,加快创新驱动有着重要的意义。1994年的分税制改革对划分政府间财政关系有着十分重要的影响,但它更多关注了分税、分财,对政府和市场、各级政府间的职能分工并不明确,尤其对地方政府间的职能和支出责任缺乏明确划分。要使政府合理承担支出责任,使之符合知识产权公共服务的需要,需要在明确政府和市场边界基础上,科学界定各级政府的事权和支出责任。知识产权公共服务中的政府支出责任研究主要涉及三方面：一是正确处理政府和市场间关系,明确界定政府事权；二是政府支出责任在各级政府划分,包括中央和地方的划分、省以下政府之间的划分；三是支出责任履行对知识产权公共服务所带来的效应考察,这是支出责任的应有之义。依据以上背景和思路,本文试图回答的问题为：第一,我国知识产权公共服务的内涵及外延是什么?第二,政府支出责任在知识产权公共服务中的现状和问题是什么?第三,政府支出责任履行对知识产权公共服务的影响如何?第四,在创新驱动视角下,如何优化政府支出责任以促进知识产权公共服务水平提高?回答上述问题的关键,在于运用事权理论分析知识产权创造、运用、保护、管理和服务五个知识产权发展环节支出责任情况及效应。本文的主要研究如下：1.知识产权公共服务的本质属性及范围界定。从知识产权理论内涵开始,深入剖析了知识产权的公共政策性,阐述了知识产权公共物品属性；运用系统化分析方法,通过对知识产权创造、运用、保护、管理和服务等五个系统要素分析,对知识产权公共服务边界做了界定。2.政府支出责任履行现状与问题分析。运用事权理论分析框架,以公共服务事权与支出责任匹配为视角,分析了在知识产权公共服务领域,政府支出责任履行存在越位、缺位和错位的不同情形以及形成原因。3.知识产权公共服务的影响因素分析。基于政府支出责任角度,构建面板数据模型,通过知识产权政府支出数据,及经济发展水平等有代表性的控制变量,测量政府支出等支出责任要素对知识产权公共服务影响的效应。实证结果表明,政府知识产权保护、管理和服务支出对知识产权公共服务具有显著正相关关系。市场创新环境和中央地方支出责任划分对知识产权公共服务影响不显著,其原因在于政府本身体制机制缺陷。4.政府支出责任界定的国际经验借鉴。分别考察了美国、日本、韩国和印度为代表的发达国家和发展中国家在知识产权公共服务中的政府支出责任范围,分析了他们支出责任履行及划分背后的逻辑,得出对我国知识产权公共服务中政府支出责任履行及划分的经验启示。5.完善知识产权公共服务中政府支出责任的思路与措施。提出了优化支出责任整体思路、目标和原则,并按照功能和项目方法分别对我国知识产权公共服务政府间支出责任做了界定；探索对现有体制机制框架的变革,以使政府支出责任与知识产权公共服务事权相适应。
[Abstract]:Innovation driven development is the inevitable trend of world economic development. China is entering a critical period of building an innovative country. Resources and environment, overcapacity and other bottlenecks highlighted, innovation driven development is a situation that is also building the only way which must be passed an innovation oriented country. Knowledge is the core factor in driving innovation, intellectual property is becoming the core elements of a strategic resource for national development and international competitiveness, the development of intellectual property is a key approach to innovation driven and means. Since 2008 national intellectual property strategy > > promulgated, intellectual property has been a certain degree of development: intellectual property laws and regulations perfection, intellectual property creation and application capabilities greatly enhance the level of intellectual property rights continuously improve the construction of intellectual property rights protection, the social environment improved significantly enhanced public awareness of intellectual property rights. But are associated with intellectual property: The right to create a "big but not strong, more than excellent, transformation rate and low rates of industrialization of IPR, regional development is not balanced, the low degree of internationalization of intellectual property rights situation exists for a long time. The development of intellectual property need to rely on the strength of the whole society to promote the government, is an important force to achieve the development of intellectual property in the market. Link failure, need government intervention, which is an important means of public service. In the creation of intellectual property, use, protection, management and services, the need for government to provide a good development of intellectual property system and public goods supply. The government through the provision of public services, to fulfill the expenditure responsibilities, to promote the development of intellectual property, speed up innovation plays an important role in.1994 reform of the tax system has a very important effect on the division of intergovernmental fiscal relations, but it pays more attention to the tax, wealth, the government and the market, The division of functions between all levels of government is not clear, especially the lack of a clear division between local government functions and expenditure responsibility. The government should undertake reasonable expenditure responsibilities, to meet the needs of the intellectual property rights of public service, the government and the market need in the clear boundary on the basis of the scientific definition of all levels of government powers and expenditure responsibilities of government spending. The responsibility of intellectual property rights in public service mainly involves three aspects: one is to correctly handle the relationship between government and market, clearly defined government duties; two is the government expenditure responsibilities at all levels of government division, including the division of the central and local government, below the provincial division between the three is the expenditure responsibility; effect brought about by the intellectual property rights of public service the investigation, this is the meaning of expenditure responsibilities. According to the above background and ideas, this paper tried to answer the questions as follows: first, China's intellectual property rights of the public What is the connotation and extension of service? Second, what is the current situation and problems of government expenditure liability in intellectual property right in public services? Third, government expenditure responsibility to fulfill the effect of public service of intellectual property rights? Fourth, in innovation driven perspective, how to optimize the government expenditure responsibility to promote intellectual property services to improve the level of public key? To answer the above questions, the theoretical analysis is the use of powers of intellectual property creation, use, protection, expenditure responsibility management and service of five intellectual property development process and effect. The main results are as follows: 1. the intellectual property rights of public service the nature and scope of intellectual property. Starting from the theoretical connotation, in-depth analysis of public policy intellectual property rights, expounds the intellectual property attribute of public goods; the use of systematic analysis method, through the creation of intellectual property protection, management and use. Analysis and service five system elements, defines the.2. government expenditure responsibility analysis of the status quo and problems of intellectual property rights of public service. Using the powers boundary theory framework, based on public service responsibility and expenditure, from the perspective of analysis on intellectual property rights in public services, government expenditure responsibility is offside, analysis of different the situation of vacancy and dislocation and the formation reasons affecting the intellectual property of.3. public service factors. The angle of government expenditure responsibility based on constructing a panel data model, through the intellectual property of government expenditure data, and the economic development level of a control variable representative, effect measurement of government spending expenditure responsibility elements of intellectual property rights of public service effects. The empirical results show that the protection of intellectual property, intellectual property management and services spending on public services has a significant positive correlation between the market hit. The new environment and central local expenditure responsibilities of public service of intellectual property rights is not significantly affected, the reason is that the international experience of expenditure responsibility limits the government itself institutional defects in.4. were investigated. The government from the United States, Japan, South Korea and India government expenditure responsibilities as a representative of the developed countries and developing countries in intellectual property rights in public service. The analysis of their expenditure responsibility and the division of the logic behind, draw on the ideas and measures of the government of China's intellectual property rights in the public service expenditure responsibility and the division of the experience and Enlightenment of.5. improve the intellectual property in the government public service expenditure responsibilities. Proposed to optimize the expenditure responsibility overall design ideas, objectives and principles, and in accordance with the function and method of the project respectively. On the expenditure responsibility of intellectual property in our country public service government defines the framework of the existing system; to explore the mechanism of change, In order to adapt the responsibility of government expenditure to the right of public service of intellectual property.

【学位授予单位】：中国财政科学研究院
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：F204;F812.45

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